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''American Dream'' (stylized as ''american dream'') is the third
studio album An album is a collection of audio recordings issued on compact disc (CD), Phonograph record, vinyl, audio tape, or another medium such as Digital distribution#Music, digital distribution. Albums of recorded sound were developed in the early ...
by the British rapper
21 Savage Shéyaa Bin Abraham-Joseph (born October 22, 1992), known professionally as 21 Savage, is a rapper based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Born in London, he moved to Atlanta with his mother at age seven. He became known after releasing two m ...
. It was released through
Epic Records Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America Sony Corporation of America (SONAM, also known as SCA), is the American arm of the Japanese conglomerate Sony Group ...
and Slaughter Gang Entertainment on January 12, 2024. The album features guest appearances from
Doja Cat Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini (born October 21, 1995), known professionally as Doja Cat ( ), is an American rapper and singer. Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, she began making and releasing music on SoundCloud as a teenager. Her song ...
,
Young Thug Jeffery Lamar Williams (born August 16, 1991), known professionally as Young Thug, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He is considered to be an influential figure of his generation, with his music impacting the modern sound of hip ...
,
Metro Boomin Leland Tyler Wayne (born September 16, 1993), professionally known as Metro Boomin, is an American record producer, record executive, beatmaker, and DJ. He is known for his dark production style and its influence on modern hip hop and trap. R ...
,
Lil Durk Durk Derrick Banks (born October 19, 1992), known professionally as Lil Durk, is an American rapper and singer. He is the lead member and founder of the collective and record label Only the Family (OTF). Durk garnered a cult following with the ...
, Travis Scott,
Summer Walker Summer Marjani Walker (born April 11, 1996) is an American R&B singer. In 2017, she signed to Love Renaissance and Interscope Records. The following year, she released the mixtape '' Last Day of Summer,'' which spawned the single " Girls Need ...
,
Brent Faiyaz Christopher Brent Wood (born September 19, 1995), known professionally as Brent Faiyaz, is an American R&B singer. He rose to prominence after he was featured on the GoldLink single "Crew" alongside Shy Glizzy in 2016, which was certified 6× ...
,
Burna Boy Damini Ebunoluwa Ogulu (born 2 July 1991), known professionally as Burna Boy, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter and record producer. He rose to stardom in 2012 after releasing "Like to Party", the lead single from his debut studio album, '' L.I ...
, Tommy Newport,
Mikky Ekko John Stephen Sudduth (born December 17, 1984), known professionally as Mikky Ekko, is an American recording artist and record producer from Nashville, signed to Interscope Records. He is best known for writing and being featured on Rihanna's 2013 s ...
, and
Mariah the Scientist Mariah Amani Buckles (born October 27, 1997), known professionally as Mariah the Scientist, is an American singer-songwriter. She released her debut studio album ''Master'', on August 23, 2019, with her now former labels, Canadian rapper Tory Lane ...
. Production was handled by Metro Boomin himself,
London on da Track London Tyler Holmes (born March 27, 1991), known professionally as London on da Track, is an American record producer, rapper, and songwriter. He is a frequent collaborator of fellow Atlanta rapper Young Thug and has also worked with Kodak Black, ...
,
Scribz Riley Michael Orabiyi (born 25 August 1993), known professionally as Scribz Riley, is a British record producer, songwriter, singer, and rapper from London, England. He is sometimes credited as Mike "Scribz" Riley or Mike Riley. He is the brother of s ...
,
Allen Ritter Allen Raphael Ritter (born June 19, 1988) is an American record producer and songwriter. He has produced for a variety of artists, most notably Drake ("Controlla"), Travis Scott (" Pick Up the Phone"), Kanye West (" All Day", "Father Stretch My ...
,
OG Parker Joshua Isaih "OG" Parker (born October 27, 1993), is an American record producer from Atlanta. He is currently signed to Quality Control Music and has been with the label since 2014. OG Parker has produced for artists including Migos, Chris Brow ...
,
Cardo A cardo (plural ''cardines'') was a north–south street in Ancient Roman cities and military camps as an integral component of city planning. The cardo maximus, or most often the ''cardo'', was the main or central north–south-oriented street ...
,
FnZ FNZ (also known as Finatik N Zac) are Grammy award-winning Australian record production and songwriting duo composed of Michael "Finatik" Mule and Isaac "Zac" De Boni. Production credits Notes * signifies songwriting credit only Refere ...
, and
Honorable C.N.O.T.E. Carlton Davis Mays, Jr. (born April 8, 1981), professionally known as Honorable C.N.O.T.E., is an American hip hop record producer and songwriter. Mays started producing at the age of 15 in the Benton Harbor Area of Michigan, before moving to At ...
, among others. The album serves as the follow-up to Savage's 2018 release '' I Am > I Was''.


Background and promotion

In July 2023, 21 Savage embarked on a concert tour with Canadian rapper and singer
Drake Drake may refer to: Animals * A male duck People and fictional characters * Drake (surname), a list of people and fictional characters with the family name * Drake (given name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * ...
, named the It's All a Blur Tour, during which Drake stated that both he and 21 Savage were working on their respective solo studio albums. On August 7, Savage took to
Twitter Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with 280-character-long messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and ...
to state that "it's time", teasing the album. After embarking on a solo headlining tour in November 2023, Savage headlined his first show in London, England, at
the O2 Arena The O2 Arena, commonly known as the O2 (stylised as The O2 arena), is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the centre of the O2 entertainment complex on the Greenwich Peninsula in southeast London. It opened in its present form in 2007. It has the s ...
, where he stated that his "album finna drop" and told his fans to "get ready". Following his un-official announcement in December 2023, billboards and banners began to appear, further adding to the promotion of the album and further building its anticipation. On January 8, 2024, Savage announced that a
biopic A biographical film or biopic () is a film that dramatizes the life of a non-fictional or historically-based person or people. Such films show the life of a historical person and the central character's real name is used. They differ from docudra ...
film about himself titled ''American Dream: The 21 Savage Story'', starring himself along with
Donald Glover Donald McKinley Glover Jr. (; born September 25, 1983), also known by his stage name Childish Gambino (), is an American entertainer, writer, director, and producer. After working in Derrick Comedy while studying at New York University, Glove ...
and
Caleb McLaughlin Caleb Reginald McLaughlin (born October 13, 2001) is an American actor. He gained recognition for playing Lucas Sinclair in the Netflix series ''Stranger Things'' (2016–present). McLaughlin began his career on the Broadway stage as Young Simba ...
, would be released on July 4. On the same day, Savage posted the film's trailer on his official
YouTube YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by ...
channel, previewing a track from the album in the process, and announced that the music inspired by the film was available for pre-order. Just a day later, on January 9, Savage took to his social media to post the album's official cover art and announced that it would be released three days later. On January 9, Savage began to tease the guest artists on the album after posting baby pictures of
Young Thug Jeffery Lamar Williams (born August 16, 1991), known professionally as Young Thug, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He is considered to be an influential figure of his generation, with his music impacting the modern sound of hip ...
,
Summer Walker Summer Marjani Walker (born April 11, 1996) is an American R&B singer. In 2017, she signed to Love Renaissance and Interscope Records. The following year, she released the mixtape '' Last Day of Summer,'' which spawned the single " Girls Need ...
, and
Brent Faiyaz Christopher Brent Wood (born September 19, 1995), known professionally as Brent Faiyaz, is an American R&B singer. He rose to prominence after he was featured on the GoldLink single "Crew" alongside Shy Glizzy in 2016, which was certified 6× ...
. The following day, he posted baby pictures of
Lil Durk Durk Derrick Banks (born October 19, 1992), known professionally as Lil Durk, is an American rapper and singer. He is the lead member and founder of the collective and record label Only the Family (OTF). Durk garnered a cult following with the ...
, Travis Scott, and
Mariah the Scientist Mariah Amani Buckles (born October 27, 1997), known professionally as Mariah the Scientist, is an American singer-songwriter. She released her debut studio album ''Master'', on August 23, 2019, with her now former labels, Canadian rapper Tory Lane ...
. On January 11, Savage posted baby pictures of
Burna Boy Damini Ebunoluwa Ogulu (born 2 July 1991), known professionally as Burna Boy, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter and record producer. He rose to stardom in 2012 after releasing "Like to Party", the lead single from his debut studio album, '' L.I ...
,
Metro Boomin Leland Tyler Wayne (born September 16, 1993), professionally known as Metro Boomin, is an American record producer, record executive, beatmaker, and DJ. He is known for his dark production style and its influence on modern hip hop and trap. R ...
, and
Doja Cat Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini (born October 21, 1995), known professionally as Doja Cat ( ), is an American rapper and singer. Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, she began making and releasing music on SoundCloud as a teenager. Her song ...
. Despite not releasing an official album tracklist prior to the album's release as per usual, the project was released smoothly and on time. The dual lead singles of the album, " Redrum" and " N.H.I.E.", the latter being a collaboration with American rapper and singer
Doja Cat Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini (born October 21, 1995), known professionally as Doja Cat ( ), is an American rapper and singer. Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, she began making and releasing music on SoundCloud as a teenager. Her song ...
, were sent to Italian
contemporary hit radio Contemporary hit radio (also known as CHR, contemporary hits, hit list, current hits, hit music, top 40, or pop radio) is a radio format that is common in many countries that focuses on playing current and recurrent popular music as determined by ...
on January 17, 2024. Five days earlier, the official music video for the former was also released alongside the album. On January 24, 2024, in an interview with
Shannon Sharpe Shannon Sharpe (born June 26, 1968) is an American former football tight end who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 14 seasons, primarily with the Denver Broncos. Regarded as one of the greatest tight ends of all time, he ranks th ...
on ''Club Shay Shay'', Savage disclosed that his biopic, ''American Dream: The 21 Savage Story'', was a parody made to promote the release of his album.


Critical reception

''American Dream'' received a score of 73 out of 100 on review aggregator
Metacritic Metacritic is a website that review aggregator, aggregates reviews of films, TV shows, music albums, video games and formerly, books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged (a weighted arithmetic mean, weighted average). M ...
based on five critics' reviews, indicating "generally favorable" reception. Writing for '' Clash'', Robin Murray began his review by noting that the album "allows 21 Savage space to tell his story". Breaking down the halves of the album, he continued to write that "the first half of the record leans on his rap flair, while the second indulges his softer, R&B inclinations". Concluding his review, Murray wrote that "''American Dream'' is 21 Savage at his most luminescent" and that he is "staying true to himself" as "he's been able to build something unique". Writing for ''
HipHopDX ''HipHopDX'' is an online magazine of hip hop music criticism and news. The website's current president and publisher is Sharath Cherian and the Head Of Content is Jerry L. Barrow. ''HipHopDX'' is the flagship publication of Cheri Media Group. ...
'', Will Schube wrote that "''American Dream'' is 21 Savage at his most deeply intimate, treating the recording booth like a diary, examining his life and career from a 30,000 foot view". He noted that "Savage isn’t bitter on his latest offering, but he knows his worth; his family has worked too long and too hard for him to slip up or be taken advantage of" and that "he’s stuck between trying to be good, trying to honor the effort and sacrifices his mother made, and being drawn back to his crew, back to the deals and the cash and everything that came with it", noting that "humanity is what makes this record succeed". Matthew Ritchie for ''
Pitchfork A pitchfork (also a hay fork) is an agricultural tool with a long handle and two to five tines used to lift and pitch or throw loose material, such as hay, straw, manure, or leaves. The term is also applied colloquially, but inaccurately, to th ...
'' noted that 21 Savage's "third solo album attempts to balance reveling in his newfound elevated celebrity and retaining the tortured persona that relishes in recounting the gruesome details of his journey" and that he "cuts through the glossy excess with clarity and lyrical self-assuredness, producing enough sterling moments to show that he's still a star worthy of fanfare". Ritchie praised the album's production, stating that the "overall cohesion of the production is a welcome sign" while also noting that "his effectiveness stems from minute tweaks, mutating his low register and delivery to imbue emotion and variance into his stone-faced raps". Writing for ''
Vibe ''Vibe'' is an American music and entertainment magazine founded by producers David Salzman and Quincy Jones. The publication predominantly features R&B and hip hop music artists, actors and other entertainers. After shutting down productio ...
'', Grant Rindner stated that the album "serves as a very broad framing for the album, particularly in opening and closing spoken interludes from his mother". Rindner noted that "21's strongest rap skills, his caustic sense of humor and deadpan delivery, are fully intact on ''American Dream''" before praising his beat selection as he wrote that he "has one of the best ears for beats in modern hip-hop, and his noted chemistry with Metro Boomin is present". ''
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner, and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. It was first kno ...
''s Mosi Reeves wrote that on the album, sometimes, "the production flags or his choruses don't quite hit their marks", however, "he's still capable of giving you what you’ve come to expect". In comparison to ''
Her Loss ''Her Loss'' is a collaborative studio album by Canadian rapper Drake and Atlanta-based rapper 21 Savage. It was released on November 4, 2022, through OVO Sound and Republic Records. Featuring a sole guest appearance from Travis Scott, the albu ...
'', Reeves stated that "''American Dream'' is garlanded with dreamily rendered samples, a technique used to much better effect here than ''Her Loss''". Writing for ''
HotNewHipHop ''HotNewHipHop (HNHH)'' is an online publication that covers daily news about hip hop and pop culture, including streetwear, sports, and sneakers. In addition to its editorial content, HotNewHipHop also produces the video serieses; ''How to Roll ...
'', Teejay Small wrote that "the album lacks a cohesive through-line that thematically ties the material back to the premise promised by the title and imagery" and that "the overall aesthetic of ''American Dream'' may lead listeners to assume that the project is a meditation on the state of poverty or immigration in 21's life".


Commercial performance

''American Dream'' debuted at number one on the US ''Billboard'' 200 with 133,000
album-equivalent unit The album-equivalent unit, or album equivalent, is a measurement unit in music industry to define the consumption of music that equals the purchase of one album copy. This consumption includes streaming and song downloads in addition to traditi ...
s, including 4,500 pure album sales, replacing
Morgan Wallen Morgan Cole Wallen (born May 13, 1993) is an American country singer and songwriter. He competed in the sixth season of ''The Voice'', originally as a member of Usher's team, but later as a member of Adam Levine's team. After being eliminated ...
's ''
One Thing at a Time ''One Thing at a Time'' is the third studio album by American country music singer Morgan Wallen, released on March 3, 2023, through Big Loud Records. It features 36 tracks, including the singles "You Proof", " Thought You Should Know", " Last Nig ...
'' (2023) from the top spot. ''American Dream'' earned a total of 169.53 million on-demand streams. The album is 21 Savage's fourth consecutive number-one album in the US. 14 tracks debuted on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, with two of them in the top 10. The intro, "American Dream" was deemed too short to debut on the charts. Savage also became the sixteenth artist in history to chart 100 songs on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100. In the second week ''American Dream'' remained at the top of the ''Billboard'' 200, moving 78,000 units. The album broke a record in rap music as ''American Dream'' debuted with the most first-week streams for a trap album in history. ''American Dream'' debuted at number one on album charts in at least 7 countries including Australia, Canada, Lithuania, and New Zealand. The album debuted at number 2 on the
UK Albums Chart The Official Albums Chart is a list of albums ranked by physical and digital sales and (from March 2015) audio streaming in the United Kingdom. It was published for the first time on 22 July 1956 and is compiled every week by the Official Charts C ...
and the
Irish Albums Chart The Irish Albums Chart is the Irish music industry standard albums popularity chart issued weekly by the Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA). The charts were previously compiled on behalf of IRMA by Chart-Track, and have been compiled by the ...
while debuting at number 5 and 8 on the
French Albums Chart French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ...
and the
Finnish Album Charts The Official Finnish Charts ( fi, Suomen virallinen lista; sv, Finlands officiella lista) are national record charts in Finland compiled and published by Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. The name ''Suomen virallinen lista/Finlands officiell ...
.


Track listing

Notes * signifies a co-producer * "Redrum" features vocals by
Usher Usher may refer to: Several jobs which originally involved directing people and ensuring people are in the correct place: * Usher (occupation) ** Church usher ** Wedding usher, one of the male attendants to the groom in a wedding ceremony ** Fiel ...
* "Letter to My Brudda" features vocals by Paola Barba and 21 Lil Harold * "Dangerous" features vocals by 21 Lil Harold * "Dark Days" features vocals by
Ink Ink is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thi ...
Sample credits * "All of Me" contains a sample of "
Wishing on a Star "Wishing on a Star" is a slow ballad written by former The Undisputed Truth member Billie Rae Calvin and produced by Norman Whitfield. The song was originally offered to Barbra Streisand for her album project but later declined. It was first ...
", written by Billie Rae Calvin, as performed by
Rose Royce Rose Royce is an American soul and R&B group. They are best known for several hit singles during the 1970s including "Car Wash", " I Wanna Get Next to You", " I'm Going Down", "Wishing on a Star", and "Love Don't Live Here Anymore". Career Th ...
. * " Redrum" contains a sample of "Serenata do adeus", written by
Vinicius de Moraes Marcus Vinícius da Cruz e Mello Moraes (19 October 1913 – 9 July 1980), better known as Vinícius de Moraes () and nicknamed O Poetinha ("The little poet"), was a Brazilian poet, diplomat, lyricist, essayist, musician, singer, and playwright ...
, as performed by Elza Laranjeira; as well as samples from the "Here's Johnny!" scene from '' The Shining''; and interpolations of " A Lot", written by Shéyaa Abraham-Joseph,
Jermaine Cole Jermaine Lamarr Cole (born January 28, 1985) is an American rapper and record producer. Born on a military base in Germany and raised in Fayetteville, North Carolina, Cole initially gained recognition as a rapper following the release of his d ...
, Dacoury Natche, Anthony White and Shelia Young, as performed by
21 Savage Shéyaa Bin Abraham-Joseph (born October 22, 1992), known professionally as 21 Savage, is a rapper based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Born in London, he moved to Atlanta with his mother at age seven. He became known after releasing two m ...
and
J. Cole Jermaine Lamarr Cole (born January 28, 1985) is an American rapper and record producer. Born on a military base in Germany and raised in Fayetteville, North Carolina, Cole initially gained recognition as a rapper following the release of his d ...
. * "Née-Nah" contains samples of " About Her" written by
Malcolm McLaren Malcolm Robert Andrew McLaren (22 January 1946 – 8 April 2010) was an English impresario, visual artist, singer, songwriter, musician, clothes designer and boutique owner, notable for combining these activities in an inventive and provoc ...
,
Rod Argent Rodney Terence Argent (born 14 June 1945) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, composer, and record producer. In a career spanning more than 50 years, Argent came to prominence in the mid 1960s as the keyboardist, founder and leader of the ...
, and
W. C. Handy William Christopher Handy (November 16, 1873 – March 28, 1958) was an American composer and musician who referred to himself as the Father of the Blues. Handy was one of the most influential songwriters in the United States. One of many musici ...
, as performed by McLaren; and "’Cause I Love You", written by Leonard Williams and Frank Wilson, as performed by
Lenny Williams Leonard Charles Williams (born February 16, 1945)"Biography by Alex Henderson"
AllMus ...
. * "Prove It" contains a sample of " You Are My Joy", written and performed by
Faith Evans Faith Renée Evans (born June 10, 1973) is an American singer and actress. Born in Lakeland, Florida, and raised in New Jersey, she relocated to Los Angeles in 1991 for a career in the music business. After working as a backing vocalist for Al B ...
. * "Should've Wore a Bonnet" contains a sample of " I Don’t Want to Do Anything", written by
DeVante Swing Donald Earle DeGrate Jr. (born September 29, 1969), better known by his stage name DeVanté Swing, is an American record producer, singer, rapper and songwriter. He is the older brother of fellow Jodeci member Dalvin DeGrate. Career In his ear ...
, as performed by
Mary J. Blige Mary Jane Blige ( ; born January 11, 1971) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Often referred to as the " Queen of Hip-Hop Soul" and " Queen of R&B", Blige has won nine Grammy Awards, a Primetime Emmy Award, four American Music Award ...
and
K-Ci Cedric Renard Hailey (born September 2, 1969), known professionally as K-Ci (formerly Little Cedric as a member of Little Cedric and the Hailey Singers), is an American singer, songwriter and member of K-Ci & JoJo and Jodeci. Although Hailey i ...
; and interpolations from an unreleased song, "Hair", written by Durk Banks and Symere Woods, as performed by
Lil Durk Durk Derrick Banks (born October 19, 1992), known professionally as Lil Durk, is an American rapper and singer. He is the lead member and founder of the collective and record label Only the Family (OTF). Durk garnered a cult following with the ...
and
Lil Uzi Vert Symere Bysil Woods ( ; born July 31, 1995), known professionally as Lil Uzi Vert, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. They are characterized by their face tattoo, facial tattoos, facial piercings, eccentric hairstyles and androgynous ...
. * "Just Like Me" contains a sample of "Raw", written by Kira Huszar, as performed by Loony. * "Red Sky" contains a sample of the full-length version of "
Summer Night City "Summer Night City" is a song recorded by the Swedish pop group ABBA, written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus as a tribute to their hometown of Stockholm. It is the group's second non-album single, released on 6 September 1978. It was rec ...
", written by Benny Anderson and
Bjorn Ulvaeus Bjorn (English, Dutch), Björn (Swedish, Icelandic, Dutch, and German), Bjørn (Danish, Faroese and Norwegian), Beorn (Old English) or, rarely, Bjôrn, Biorn, or Latinized Biornus, Brum (Portuguese), is a Scandinavian male given name, or less oft ...
, as performed by
Abba ABBA ( , , formerly named Björn & Benny, Agnetha & Anni-Frid or Björn & Benny, Agnetha & Frida) are a Swedish supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad. The group's ...
.


Personnel

Musicians *
21 Savage Shéyaa Bin Abraham-Joseph (born October 22, 1992), known professionally as 21 Savage, is a rapper based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Born in London, he moved to Atlanta with his mother at age seven. He became known after releasing two m ...
– vocals * Heather Carmillia Joseph – additional vocals (1, 15) * Spiff Sinatra – keyboards (1, 2), drums (1, 2) * James Owens Jr. – keyboards (1) * Isaiah Brown – keyboards (1), strings (1) *
Rose Royce Rose Royce is an American soul and R&B group. They are best known for several hit singles during the 1970s including "Car Wash", " I Wanna Get Next to You", " I'm Going Down", "Wishing on a Star", and "Love Don't Live Here Anymore". Career Th ...
– additional vocals (2) * Noc – drums (2) * Jalen Jackson – keyboards (2) *
Usher Usher may refer to: Several jobs which originally involved directing people and ensuring people are in the correct place: * Usher (occupation) ** Church usher ** Wedding usher, one of the male attendants to the groom in a wedding ceremony ** Fiel ...
– additional vocals (3) *
Nineteen85 Anthony Paul Jefferies (born July 1, 1985), known professionally as Nineteen85, is a Canadian record producer and songwriter. Nineteen85 holds the distinction of winning an ASCAP Music Award back-to-back in 2014 and 2015. He is best known for p ...
– keyboards (4) * Peter Lee Johnson – strings (6) * 21 Lil Harold – additional vocals (7, 8) * Paola Barba – additional vocals (7) * Higher Learning – choir (13) *
Ink Ink is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thi ...
– additional vocals (15) Technical *
Mike Bozzi Mike Bozzi is an American mastering engineer at Bernie Grundman Mastering in Hollywood, Los Angeles, Hollywood, California. He won a Grammy Award for Record of the Year for mastering Donald Glover, Childish Gambino's "This Is America (song), This ...
mastering * Miles Walker – mixing (1–5, 12, 15) * Isaiah Brown – mixing (5, 11), recording (1-5, 7-15), engineering assistance (1) * Ethan Stevens – mixing (6, 8, 9, 13), recording (6, 8, 9, 13) * Alex Tumay – mixing (7, 10, 14) * Patrizio "Teezio" Pigliapoco – mixing (10) * David "Dos Dias" Bishop – mixing (11), recording (11) * William “Bilz” Dougan – recording (13) * Natalie D’Orlando – recording (15) * Spiff Santra – engineering assistance (1) * Jared Brown – engineering assistance (2) * Shawn Peden – engineering assistance (2-5, 7, 8) * Khaya "Macxsn" Gilika – engineering assistance (2)


Charts


Certifications


References

{{Authority control 2024 albums 21 Savage albums Epic Records albums Albums produced by Allen Ritter Albums produced by Cardo (record producer) Albums produced by FnZ Albums produced by Honorable C.N.O.T.E. Albums produced by London on da Track Albums produced by Metro Boomin Albums produced by OG Parker