American Chamber Of Commerce In Shanghai
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The American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai is an organization that promotes American businesses in
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
through its main offices in
Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
. AmCham Shanghai was founded in 1915 as the third American Chamber of Commerce established outside the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
, and now has 3,000 members from 1,500 companies. Its membership ranges from large corporations to small startups and includes companies from diverse industries. As a
non-profit A nonprofit organization (NPO) or non-profit organisation, also known as a non-business entity, not-for-profit organization, or nonprofit institution, is a legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public or social benefit, in co ...
, non-partisan business organization, AmCham Shanghai promotes
free trade Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports. It can also be understood as the free market idea applied to international trade. In government, free trade is predominantly advocated by political parties that hold econo ...
, open markets, private enterprise and the unrestricted flow of information.


Structure

AmCham is a
chamber of commerce A chamber of commerce, or board of trade, is a form of business network. For example, a local organization of businesses whose goal is to further the interests of businesses. Business owners in towns and cities form these local societies to ad ...
governed by a Board of Governors and represented by a public-facing President.


Board of Governors

The AmCham Shanghai Board of Governors is responsible for the policymaking of the organization and the general direction of the Chamber's activities. The Board also has a fiduciary responsibility. The 11 Governors are elected by voting members for staggered, two-year terms. Each fall approximately one half of the Board stands for election at the Annual General Meeting. The Board has four officers: a Chair, two Vice Chairs and a Treasurer. Two Honorary Governors are also appointed yearly from the U.S. Consulate General in Shanghai.


President

The Chamber’s current President is Ker Gibbs. He assumed his position in January 2019.


Publications

AmCham Shanghai publications include ''Insight'' magazine, the annual ''China Business Report'' (CBR) and Viewpoint advocacy and policy documents. Video content includes “On China,” a series of interviews with leading China experts from both academia and business. AmCham also produce a bi-weekly podcast, “China Voices,” which covers a range of topics, including the economy, small business, trade and economic trends. :CBR – The China Business Report (CBR) is an annual publication based on the results of AmCham’s annual business sentiment survey. The survey questions company heads about business performance, forecast and strategy, the regulatory and operational environment, regional investment, and other areas pertinent to the business environment at the time of the survey. These have included trade policy, trade tensions, local competition and the impact of China’s digital transformation on business. :The CBR has been quoted by the AFP, Bloomberg, CNBC, the Financial Times , the New York Times, Reuters, the Wall Street Journal and many other esteemed publications. :''Insight''– Published six times a year, Insight is the member magazine of the Chamber. The journal includes Features, Policy and Technology sections, as well as member news. The annual January/February issue is a policy special, which includes contributions from and/or interviews with luminaries in the fields of Chinese economics, Chinese politics and U.S.-China relations. Featured experts include: Kerry Brown (King’s College London), Derek Scissors (
American Enterprise Institute The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), is a center-right Washington, D.C.–based think tank that researches government, politics, economics, and social welfare. ...
), Victor Shih (
UCSD The University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego or colloquially, UCSD) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in San Diego, California. Established in 1960 near the pre-existing Scripps Insti ...
), Susan Shirk (UCSD),
Steve Tsang Steve Tsang (born Tsang Yui-sang in 1959) is a political scientist and historian whose expertise includes politics and governance in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, the foreign and security policies of China and Taiwan, and peace and security in E ...
(SOAS), Wang Yong (
Peking University Peking University (PKU; ) is a public research university in Beijing, China. The university is funded by the Ministry of Education. Peking University was established as the Imperial University of Peking in 1898 when it received its royal charter ...
), Wu XinBo (
Fudan University Fudan University () is a national public research university in Shanghai, China. Fudan is a member of the C9 League, Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First Class University identified by the Ministry of Education of China. It is als ...
) and Rod Wye (
Chatham House Chatham House, also known as the Royal Institute of International Affairs, is an independent policy institute headquartered in London. Its stated mission is to provide commentary on world events and offer solutions to global challenges. It is ...
).


Membership

AmCham Shanghai’s membership includes over 3,000 total members, including almost 1,500 corporate members. Members come from diverse backgrounds and missions, all of which intersect with China. AmCham hosts 20 industry committees for members. Each committee is advised by business leaders who identify key issues in their industries and drive year-round programming. Events include small-scale roundtables, speaker series, and cross-industry conferences.


Membership services and programs

A range of benefits are available to members; specific benefits may vary with type and classification of membership. Services include professional development, visa programs, medical insurance and tax filing guidance, as well as access to a wide variety of events and publications. The Chamber facilitates business support, market access, policy advocacy, and relationship-building activities. Select Chamber programs are detailed below.


U.S. Corporate Visa Program (CVP)

AmCham’s CVP facilitates U.S. visas for participating Corporate Member companies’ direct employees and their family members. In cooperation with the U.S. Consulate General Shanghai, the program provides simplified document review, expedited visa appointment interviews, access to all U.S. non-immigration visa types, and an excellent approval rate for applicants.


Government Policy Support Program (GPS)

The GPS Program provides members with the latest policy developments and insight into how these translate into commercial opportunities and challenges for companies.


Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

AmCham’s CSR activities provide member companies with the latest information on
corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a form of international private business self-regulation which aims to contribute to societal goals of a philanthropic, activist, or charitable nature by engaging in or supporting volunteering or ethicall ...
trends and access to influential CSR organizations. AmCham Shanghai’s CSR program includes the Business Council for Sustainability, CSR Conference and Awards and the annual Charity Gala. Since 2002, AmCham Shanghai’s CSR initiatives have led to nearly 12 million RMB in donations to local charities.


CEO Advisory Series

The CEO Advisory Series is offered to select CEOs of leading enterprises in China. The program includes quarterly programming, a monthly newsletter, and talk write-ups. CEO members can choose to attend up to 20 curated programs per year.


Trade & Investment Center (TIC)

The TIC is a two-way hub of resources and referrals for U.S. companies interested in the China market and a gateway to the United States for Chinese companies. The TIC platform is intended for companies of all sizes.


Chapters

The Chamber is headquartered in Shanghai and includes branches in Suzhou, Nanjing, Hangzhou and California. The Suzhou Center was founded in 2012 and serves the vibrant manufacturing community in Suzhou and Suzhou Industrial Park. Founded in 2016, the Nanjing Center supports member companies in Jiangsu with a special focus on Nanjing-based members. In 2019, AmCham Shanghai launched offices in Hangzhou and San Francisco, California. The Hangzhou office will serve the U.S.-focused business community in Zhejiang. The San Francisco office provides programming and support for American companies interested in China.


History


Founding

The American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai was founded on June 9, 1915, at Shanghai’s Palace Hotel. Forty-five American businessmen gathered to establish “The American Chamber of Commerce of China” and appointed a provisional committee of ten individuals to draft a constitution and bylaws. J.H. McMichael was named chairman of the new chamber’s provisional committee, together with nine other members, including representatives from American Steel,
Standard Oil Standard Oil Company, Inc., was an American oil production, transportation, refining, and marketing company that operated from 1870 to 1911. At its height, Standard Oil was the largest petroleum company in the world, and its success made its co-f ...
,
British American Tobacco British American Tobacco plc (BAT) is a British multinational company that manufactures and sells cigarettes, tobacco and other nicotine products. The company, established in 1902, is headquartered in London, England. As of 2019, it is the large ...
, R.H. Macy & Co.,
Singer Sewing Singer Corporation is an American manufacturer of consumer sewing machines, first established as I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 by Isaac Singer, Isaac M. Singer with New York lawyer Edward Cabot Clark, Edward C. Clark. Best known for its sewing mac ...
and Dollar Shipping. The Chamber elected its first officers and established bylaws on August 18, 1915. J.H. McMichael was the Chamber’s first president and J.W. Gallagher of United States Steel was elected vice president. The Chamber was the third American Chamber of Commerce established outside the United States.


Early years

By March 1916 the organization had 32 corporate members, 26 individual members and a bank balance of $2,057.25 USD. By 1919, Chamber membership had grown to 200 members. Harold Dollar (Dollar Shipping) and V.G. Lyman (Standard Oil) led the Chamber from 1922-25 as President and Vice President. The Chamber moved into permanent offices in the Dollar Building on Canton Road and hired a full-time director. The Shanghai Chamber changed its name on October 19, 1922 to the “American Chamber of Commerce (Shanghai)” and established an umbrella organization based in Shanghai to coordinate the work of all China AmChams called the “Associated American Chambers of Commerce in China.”


Pre-war period

During the period between Japan’s 1937 military actions in China and the U.S. declaration of war on Japan in December 1941, the Chamber continued to operate. One new advocacy issue for the Chamber was to counter trade restrictions imposed by Japan against American trade with China and “Japan’s continued aggression against American rights and interests in China.” As of 1940, the Chamber had a permanent staff of five and 18 special committees. It continued to publish a periodic newsletter called “The Fishbowl,” which reported on comings and goings within the business community. The Chamber offices in the American Club were seized by the Japanese army on December 10, 1941 and all Chamber activities came to a halt.


Post-war chamber

The first post-war gathering of the Chamber took place on September 10, 1945 at the Shanghai YMCA. The Chamber’s constitution was reissued both in 1946 and 1948, in part to comply with registration requirements from the Nationalist government. The language of the mission statement was different from that used in 1915, but the overall objectives were the same: promote bilateral trade, support U.S. companies in China, collect and disseminate useful commercial information, and promote American interests in China. AmCham Shanghai temporarily ended its operations by the end of 1950, as the American business presence in Shanghai had ceased to exist.


Revival

The revival of the Chamber occurred at a time when China’s central government was reassessing the role that Shanghai should play in supporting China’s economic reform and growth. John McCoy and George Hsu were elected as the first two co-presidents and when Hsu left Shanghai in 1988, Givant was nominated into the role of co-president with John McCoy. The inaugural meeting of the revived organization took place at the Union Building on Yan’an Road in the fall of 1987. The Chamber held its first formal meeting in 1987 at the U.S. Consulate with 35 business community members in attendance. By 1999, the Chamber had 1,820 members. By 2003, the Chamber had 2,010 members and established another record in 2006 with 3,100 members. Membership broke the 4,000 number during the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, but in recent years, membership size has stabilized in the range of 3,000 members from 1,500 companies. AmCham Shanghai is still one of the largest American chambers outside of the United States. In 2010, the organization took steps to normalize its legal status by creating a
wholly foreign-owned enterprise A wholly foreign-owned enterprise (WFOE, sometimes incorrectly WOFE) is a common investment vehicle for mainland China-based business wherein foreign parties (individuals or corporate entities) can incorporate a foreign-owned limited liability c ...
(WFOE) that allows the Chamber to accept online and electronic payments.


References

{{reflist American Chambers of commerce Chambers of commerce in China Organizations based in Shanghai American expatriates in Shanghai