Amadocus ( el, Ἀμάδoκoς, Amadokos, also Amatokos) was an

Odrysian The Odrysian Kingdom (; Ancient Greek: ) was a state grouping many Thracian tribes united by the Odrysae, which arose in the early 5th century BC and existed at least until the late 1st century BC. It consisted mainly of present-day Bulgaria and ...

ruler in

Thrace Thrace (; el, Θράκη, Thráki; bg, Тракия, Trakiya; tr, Trakya) or Thrake is a geographical and historical region in Southeast Europe, now split among Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey, which is bounded by the Balkan Mountains to t ...

, who ruled from 360 to c. 351 BC. Amadocus II was the son of

Amadocus I Amadocus I ( grc, Ἀμάδοκος, Amadokos, also Amatokos, perhaps more accurately Μήτοκος/Μήδοκος, Mētokos/Mēdokos, of which the Latin form would be Medocus) was a Thracian king of the Odrysae in the late 5th to early 4th centu ...

(Medocus), according to a fragment of

Theopompus Theopompus ( grc-gre, Θεόπομπος, ''Theópompos''; c. 380 BCc. 315 BC) was an ancient Greek historian and rhetorician. Biography Theopompus was born on the Aegean island of Chios. In early youth, he seems to have spent some time at Athen ...

, which specifies that there were two kings named Amadocus, father and son, of whom the son was a contemporary of

Philip II of Macedon Philip II of Macedon ( grc-gre, Φίλιππος ; 382 – 21 October 336 BC) was the king ('' basileus'') of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from 359 BC until his death in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty, founders of the ...

. It is unclear when Amadocus II first laid claim to the throne, and numismatic evidence for an Amadocus as a rival to Cotys I in the late 380s or early 370s BC may refer to him rather than to his father. Soon after the murder of Cotys I in September 360 BC, his son and successor

Cersobleptes Cersobleptes ( el, Kερσoβλέπτης, Kersobleptēs, also found in the form Cersebleptes, Kersebleptēs), was son of Cotys I, king of the Odrysians in Thrace, on whose death in September 360 BC he inherited the throne. From the beginning of ...

was faced with several opponents, including Amadocus II and

Berisades Berisades (Greek: Bηρισάδης) was a ruler in Thrace, who inherited, in conjunction with Amadocus II and Cersobleptes, the dominions of the Thracian king Cotys on the death of the latter in 360 BC. Berisades was probably a son of Cotys and a ...

. While he eliminated some other rivals, by 357 BC Cersobleptes was forced to agree to a partitioning of the kingdom with Amadocus II and Berisades, who had secured Athenian support: Cersobleptes kept eastern Thrace, Amadocus II central Thrace, and Berisades western Thrace. The area under Amadocus II's control is generally identified as laying west of the river Hebrus and north of

Maroneia Maroneia ( el, Μαρώνεια) is a village and a former municipality in Rhodope regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Maroneia-Sapes, of which it is a munic ...

. It is likely that the fortified residence of a Thracian ruler on Kozi Gramadi Peak above the village of Starosel belonged to him. In 354 or 353 BC, Cersobleptes and Philip planned joint action against Amadocus and the Athenians. When this plan failed, Cersobleptes made an alliance with the Athenians, luring them away from their arrangement with Amadocus, and attacked Amadocus by himself. Now Philip intervened, attacking and defeating Cersobleptes in 352 BC. About this time Amadocus disappears from the sources. He was succeeded by

Teres III Teres III ( grc, Τήρης) was a king of the Odrysians in Thrace in 149 BC, the son of Cotys IV. References See also * List of Thracian tribes This is a list of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia ( grc, Θρᾴκη, Δακία) including poss ...

, who was probably his son.Mihailov 1989: 54–55; Topalov 1994: 161–163.

Notes

References

* P. Delev, Thrace from the Assassination of Kotys I to Koroupedion (360-281 BCE), in Valeva et al. (eds.), ''A Companion to Ancient Thrace,'' Wiley, 2015: 48–58. * A. Fol et al., ''The Rogozen Treasure,'' Sofia, 1989. * Hammond, N. G. L.; "Philip's Actions in 347 and Early 346 B.C." in ''Classical Quarterly'', v. 44 (1994), pp. 367–374. * G. Mihailov, The Inscriptions, in: Fol et al., ''The Rogozen Treasure,'' Sofia, 1989: 46–71. * Smith, William; ''

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (1849, originally published 1844 under a slightly different title) is an encyclopedia/biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volumes and 3,700 p ...

''
"Amadocus (2)"

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...

, (1867) * M. Tacheva, ''The Kings of Ancient Thrace. Book One,'' Sofia, 2006. * S. Topalov, ''The Odrysian Kingdom from the Late 5th to the Mid-4th C. B.C.,'' Sofia, 1994. * J. Valeva et al. (eds.), ''A Companion to Ancient Thrace,'' Wiley, 2015. * R. Vulpe, ''Studia Thracologica'', Bucharest, 1976. 4th-century BC rulers Odrysian kings {{Ancient-Thrace-stub