The
cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Middle East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-sh ...
sign am, is a common-use sign of the
Amarna letters, the ''
Epic of Gilgamesh
The ''Epic of Gilgamesh'' () is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, and is regarded as the earliest surviving notable literature and the second oldest religious text, after the Pyramid Texts. The literary history of Gilgamesh begins with ...
,'' and other cuneiform texts (for example
Hittite texts). It is also used as AM.
Linguistically, it has the alphabetical usage in texts for ''a'', or ''m'', or syllabically for ''am''. The "a" is replaceable in word formation by any of the 4 vowels: ''a, e, i,'' or ''u''.
''Epic of Gilgamesh'' usage
The ''am'' sign usage in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'' is as follows: ''am''-(87 times); ''AM''-(4).
References
*
Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, )
* Parpola, 1971. ''The Standard Babylonian
Epic of Gilgamesh
The ''Epic of Gilgamesh'' () is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, and is regarded as the earliest surviving notable literature and the second oldest religious text, after the Pyramid Texts. The literary history of Gilgamesh begins with ...
'',
Parpola, Simo,
Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages.
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Image:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Abi-milku_of_Tyre_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_DP-211-144.jpg, line drawing, Obverse
Amarna letter EA 15
Amarna letter EA 15, titled ''Assyria Joins the International Scene'', is a shorter-length clay tablet Amarna letter from Ashur-uballit I of the '' Land of Assyria'', (line 3 of EA 15). He addresses the Pharaoh in line 1, the ''"King (of) Land M ...
-(titled: ''"Assyria joins the International Scene"'').
A common Amarna letter
The Amarna letters (; sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA, for "El Amarna") are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between ...
that uses cuneiform ''am''.
(Next-to-last cuneiform sign, line 3.)
Image:Amarna_letter-_Royal_Letter_from_Abi-milku_of_Tyre_to_the_king_of_Egypt_MET_24.2.12_EGDP021811.jpg, Right Edge (''Obverse'') showing
am, 3rd line from top.
( am-qut, for "maqātu",
"to bow down", etc.; to address someone )
Cuneiform signs