Alykul Osmonov ( ky, Алыкул Осмонов, properly transliterated: Alıqul Osmonov; 21 March 1915 – 12 December 1950) was a
Kyrgyz Kyrgyz, Kirghiz or Kyrgyzstani may refer to:
* Someone or something related to Kyrgyzstan
*Kyrgyz people
*Kyrgyz national games
*Kyrgyz language
*Kyrgyz culture
*Kyrgyz cuisine
*Yenisei Kirghiz
*The Fuyü Gïrgïs language in Northeastern China
...
poet, significant for his efforts to modernizing poetry in
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan,, pronounced or the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the east. ...
. His main accomplishments were transforming poetry from an oral to a literary tradition, focusing upon secular themes with an emphasis on inner emotion, daily life, and nationalism, and translating numerous European authors into the
Kyrgyz language
Kyrgyz (; autonym: , tr. ''Kyrgyz tili'', ) is a Turkic language of the Kipchak branch spoken in Central Asia. Kyrgyz is the official language of Kyrgyzstan and a significant minority language in the Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture in X ...
, including
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...
,
Sándor Petőfi
Sándor Petőfi ( []; né Petrovics; sk, Alexander Petrovič; sr, Александар Петровић; 1 January 1823 – most likely 31 July 1849) was a Hungarian poet of Serbian origin and liberal revolutionary. He is considered Hungary's ...
, and
Alexander Pushkin
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (; rus, links=no, Александр Сергеевич ПушкинIn pre-Revolutionary script, his name was written ., r=Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin, p=ɐlʲɪkˈsandr sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈpuʂkʲɪn, ...
.
Biography
Osmonov was born in
Kaptal-Aryk in
Panfilov District, Kyrgyzstan, about 75 km west of
Bishkek
Bishkek ( ky, Бишкек), ), formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. The region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of ...
. He was orphaned at a young age and was brought up in state care, first in a Bishkek orphanage, then in a
Tokmok
Tokmok ( ky, Токмок, lit=hammer; russian: Токмак, Tokmak) is a city in the Chüy Valley, northern Kyrgyzstan, east of the country's capital of Bishkek, with a population of 71,443 in 2021. Its elevation is 816 m above sea level. From ...
orphanage. From 1929, Osmonov studied at pedagogical school in Bishkek, but owing to tuberculosis which he had acquired from one of the orphanages, he was forced to leave. Nevertheless, he was able to begin a journalistic career, working for several early Soviet-era Kyrgyz-language newspapers, including "Chabul" ("Attack"), "Leninchil Jash" ("Lenin's Youth"), and "Kyzyl Kyrgyzstan" ("Red Kyrgyzstan", which continues to exist to this day under the title, "Kyrgyz Tuusu"). From 1939 to 1940, he served as secretary-in-chief for the Kyrgyzstan National Writers Union ("Кыргызстан Улуттук Жазуучулар союзу", which also continues to exist today). A year before, he was granted membership into the
Union of Soviet Writers
The Union of Soviet Writers, USSR Union of Writers, or Soviet Union of Writers (russian: Союз писателей СССР, translit=Soyuz Sovetstikh Pisatelei) was a creative union of professional writers in the Soviet Union. It was founded ...
.
His first poem, "Kyzyl Juk" ("Red Strings of Wheat"), was published in 1930, and his first volume of poems, ''Tandagy Yrlai'' (''Poems at Dawn''), in 1935. Eventually he would publish up to 500 poems, including the well-known volume, ''Mahabat'' (''Love''), as well as several major translations, including
Shota Rustaveli
Shota Rustaveli ( ka, შოთა რუსთაველი, c. 1160 – after c. 1220), mononymously known simply as Rustaveli, was a medieval Georgian poet. He is considered to be the pre-eminent poet of the Georgian Golden Age and one of th ...
's ''
The Knight in the Panther's Skin
''The Knight in the Panther's Skin'' ( ka, ვეფხისტყაოსანი, tr literally "the one with the skin of a tiger") is a Georgian medieval epic poem, written in the 12th or 13th century by Georgia's national poet Shota Rustav ...
'', Shakespeare's ''
Othello
''Othello'' (full title: ''The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice'') is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare, probably in 1603, set in the contemporary Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573) fought for the control of the Island of Cypru ...
'' and ''
Twelfth Night
''Twelfth Night'', or ''What You Will'' is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written around 1601–1602 as a Twelfth Night's entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. The play centres on the twins Vio ...
'', and Pushkin's ''
Eugene Onegin
''Eugene Onegin, A Novel in Verse'' ( pre-reform Russian: ; post-reform rus, Евгений Оне́гин, ромáн в стихáх, p=jɪvˈɡʲenʲɪj ɐˈnʲeɡʲɪn, r=Yevgeniy Onegin, roman v stikhakh) is a novel in verse written by Ale ...
''. Several of his poems were inspired by his various romantic escapades, in particular his first love, a woman named Aida, whom he pursued in 1934, and his failed marriage to Zeinep Sooranbaeva (1941–1943), as well as the personal tragedies which seemed to pursue him, such as his parents' deaths or his own daughter's death in 1943. He, himself, tragically has died: in Bishkek of pulmonary disease
pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. The severity ...
in 1950, at the age of 35.
Awards and museums
Osmonov was awarded the "Stalin Prize" (
USSR State Prize
The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on 9 September 1966. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, t ...
) in 1950, and posthumously the "
Lenin Prize" in 1967. His face and a piece of his poetry are on the 200 Kyrgyzstani som piece, and there is a statue of him outside the National Library in Bishkek. Osmonov traveled throughout Kyrgyzstan, and today there are several museums in his honor, including Bishkek, Tokmok,
Cholpon-Ata
Cholpon-Ata ( ky, Чолпон-Ата, ''Çolpon-Ata'', چولپون-اتا, pronounced , literally "Venus-father", the name of a mythological protecting spirit) is a resort town on the northern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan with a popul ...
, and especially his hometown Kaptal-Aryk, in the area of
Kara-Balta.
Works
Examples
"Issik-Kul"
Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan, wave-lapped lake
Young girls on our shore much merriment make
Coral bracelets, lost long centuries since
Seem to shine in your depths, and brilliance wake.
Kyrgyz Bibliography
* Таңдагы ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1935. – 127 б.
* Жылдыздуу жаштык: Ырлар жыйнагы. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1937. – 62 б.
* Чолпонстан: Ырлар жыйнагы. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1937. – 96 б.
* 8-гвардиялык дивизия (түзүүчү). – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1942. – 35 б.
* Махабат: Ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1945. – 76 б.
* Балдар үчүн: Ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1947. – 28 б.
* Жаш акындардын ырларынын жыйнагы (түзүүчү). – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1947. – 99 б.
* Менин жерим – ырдын жери: Ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1947. – 80 б.
* Жаңы ырлар: Ырлар жана поэмалар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1947. – 86 б.
* Жаңы ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1939. – 131 б.
* Тандалмалуу ырлар жана поэмалар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1954. – 264 б.
* Ата журт: Жарыяланбаган чыгармалар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1958. – 200 б.
* Россия: Ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызмамбас, 1964. – 16 б.
* Чыгармалар жыйнагы: 3 томдук:
* 1-т. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1964. – укекеукекукеукев64 б.
* 2-т. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1965. – 660 б.
* 3-т. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1967. – 670 б.
* Балдар менен турналар: Ырлар. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1965. – 23 б.
* Ырлар жыйнагы. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1965. – 82 б.
* Көл толкуну: Тандалган ырлар жана поэмалар. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1972. – 372 б.
* Пионер ыры: Ырлар, поэмалар, котормо. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1974. – 207 б.
* Түлкү менен каздар. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1973 – 19 б.
* Ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1974. – 62 б.
* Толубай сынчы: Ырлар, поэмалар. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1979. – 80 б.
* Балдар жана турналар: Ырлар. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1980. – 10 б.
* Балдар ыры: Ырлар. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1988. – 16 б.
* Чыгармалар жыйнагынын 3 томдугу:
* 1.т.: Ырлар, поэмалар. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1984. – 296 б.
* 2.т.: Поэмалар, драмалар, легендалар. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1985. – 344 б.
* 3.т.: Котормолор. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1986. – 278 б.
* Махабат: Ырлар. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1990. – 52 б.
* Көл толкуну – Wayes of the lake. (кырг. – англ. которгон У.Мэй) – Б.: Сорос-Кыргызстан, 1995. – 148 б.
* Аккан суу – Live water: Ырлар/кырг. – англ. котор.У.Мэй. – Б.: Арал фонду, 2000. – 72 б
* Балдарга. Детям. For children – Б.: Алыкул үй борбору, 2000. – 56 б.
Russian Bibliography
* Мой дом: Стихи. – М.: Сов. писатель, 1950. – 156 с.
* Мой дом: Стихи. – Ф.: Киргизгосиздат, 1954. – 136 с.
* Избранное: Стихотворения. – М.: Сов. писатель, 1955. – 184 с.
* Избранное: Стихи. – М.: Политиздат, 1958. – 304 с.
* Лиса и гуси. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1974. – 20 с.
* Избранное: Стихи и поэмы. – М.: Худож. лит., 1975. – 272 с.
* Дети и журавли. – Ф.: Мектеп, 1981. – 6 с.
* Отчий край: Стихотворения и поэмы. – Ф.: Кыргызстан, 1987. – 256 с.
* Стихотворения и поэмы. – Л.: Сов.писатель. – 1990. – 303 с.
Other languages
Дети и журавли: Стихи. – Таллин: Ээсти раамат, 1984. – 11 с. – эст.
Толубай сынчы: Поэма. – Алма-Ата, 1963. – казак.
External links
Museum of A. Osmonov in Kaptal-Aryk
{{DEFAULTSORT:Osmonov, Alykul
Osmonov, Alykul
Osmonov, Alykul
Osmonov, Alykul
Soviet poets
Kyrgyzstani male writers
20th-century male writers
20th-century Kyrgyzstani writers
People from Chüy Region
Kyrgyzstani translators
20th-century translators
Deaths from pneumonia in the Soviet Union
Burials at Ala-Archa Cemetery