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Alume ( ''Acjachemen'': "raising the head in looking upward") was a large
On July 24-25th 1769, the
Alume ( ''Acjachemen'': "raising the head in looking upward") was a large Acjachemen
The Acjachemen (, alternate spelling: Acagchemem) are an Indigenous people of California. They historically lived south of what is known as Aliso Creek and north of the Las Pulgas Canyon in what are now the southern areas of Orange County and t ...
village located between Trabuco Creek
Arroyo Trabuco (known also as Trabuco Creek) is a -long stream in coastal southern California in the United States. Rising in a rugged canyon in the Santa Ana Mountains of Orange County, the creek flows west and southwest before emptying into San ...
and Tijeras Creek
Arroyo Trabuco (known also as Trabuco Creek) is a -long stream in coastal southern California in the United States. Rising in a rugged canyon in the Santa Ana Mountains of Orange County, the creek flows west and southwest before emptying into San ...
at Rancho Santa Margarita, California
Rancho Santa Margarita is a city in Orange County, California, United States. One of Orange County's youngest cities, Rancho Santa Margarita is a master-planned community. The population was 47,853 at the 2010 census, up from 47,214 at the 2000 ...
. The village was also recorded as Alaugna and as El Trabuco in San Juan Capistrano
San Juan Capistrano (Spanish for "St. John of Capistrano") is a city in Orange County, California, located along the Orange Coast. The population was 34,593 at the 2010 census.
San Juan Capistrano was founded by the Spanish in 1776, when St. ...
mission records, and is also referred to as Alauna, Aluna, and Alona.
The village was located at the foot Santiago Peak
Santiago Peak is the southern mountain of the Saddleback landform in Orange County, California. It is the highest and most prominent peak of both the Santa Ana Mountains and Orange County; it also marks a border point with Riverside County. Th ...
upstream from the village of Putiidhem
Putuidem (''Acjachemen'': "belly" or "the navel"), alternative spelling Putiidhem or Putuidhem, was a large native village of the Acjachemen people, also known as '' Juaneño'' since their relocation to Mission San Juan Capistrano. The site was ...
within what is now O'Neill Regional Park
O'Neil Regional Park is a major regional park and greenway in eastern Orange County, California, United States, located along Trabuco Creek and Live Oak Canyon. The park encompasses of canyon and riparian zone habitat, and includes campgrounds ...
near the Trabuco Adobe, which was built in 1810 as an outpost of Mission San Juan Capistrano. The village was also acknowledged by the Payómkawichum.
History
On July 24-25th 1769, the Portolá expedition
thumbnail, 250px, Point of San Francisco Bay Discovery
The Portolá expedition ( es, Expedición de Portolá) was a Spanish voyage of exploration in 1769–1770 that was the first recorded European land entry and exploration of the interior of t ...
passed by the village. Juan Crespí
Joan Crespí or Juan Crespí (1 March 1721 – 1 January 1782) was a Franciscan missionary and explorer of Las Californias.
Biography
A native of Majorca, Crespí entered the Franciscan order at the age of seventeen. He came to New Spain in ...
noted that "there is a stream in this hollow rabuco Creekwith the finest and purest running water we have come upon so far," further writing "we made camp close to a village of the most tractable and friendly heathens we have seen upon the whole way; as soon as we arrived they all came over weaponless to our camp... and have stayed almost the whole day long with us."
60 people from the village were baptized as part of the colonial project Christian conversion
Conversion to Christianity is the religious conversion of a previously non-Christian person to Christianity. Different Christian denominations may perform various different kinds of rituals or ceremonies initiation into their community of belie ...
of Indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...
at Spanish missions in California
The Spanish missions in California ( es, Misiones españolas en California) comprise a
series of 21 religious outposts or missions established between 1769 and 1833 in what is now the U.S. state of California. Founded by Catholic priests o ...
between 1777 and 1787.
Tecla María Huinauhuegen of Zoucche Tecla María Huinauhuegen, who was the seventh person baptized at San Juan Capistrano when she was fourteen years old in April 1779 was the daughter of a man named Chaquel. In 1780, she would go on to marry José Ygnacio Paichi of Tobani from Doheny Beach in August. Only one child of this couple would go on to reach adulthood. This was common during the mission period as a result of colonialism, where, for example, a missionary during this period recorded that three out of four children died at Mission San Gabriel
Mission (from Latin ''missio'' "the act of sending out") may refer to:
Organised activities Religion
*Christian mission, an organized effort to spread Christianity
*Mission (LDS Church), an administrative area of The Church of Jesus Christ of ...
before reaching the age of two. This child was recorded as Manuel Romano in San Juan Capistrano mission records, who married Antonina Ayanequit of the village of Alauna in 1801.
In 1810, the Trabuco Adobe was constructed near the village site as an outpost of San Juan Capistrano. Similar to other Acjachemen
The Acjachemen (, alternate spelling: Acagchemem) are an Indigenous people of California. They historically lived south of what is known as Aliso Creek and north of the Las Pulgas Canyon in what are now the southern areas of Orange County and t ...
villages, Alume likely became depleted by the expansion of Mission San Juan Capistrano. In 1810, the mission already had a native or "neophyte" population of 1,136. By 1833 over 4,317 native people (1,689 adults and 2,628 children), largely from surrounding Acjachemen villages, had been baptized at the mission. That same year it was recorded that 3,158 had died in that same period, indicating the disastrous effects of the mission system on native people's lives.
See also
Native American villages inOrange County, California
Orange County is located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area in Southern California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,186,989, making it the third-most-populous county in California, the sixth-most-populous in the United States, a ...
:
* Acjacheme
Acjacheme ("a heap of animated things") was an Acjachemen village that was closely situated to the mother village of Putuidem in what is now San Juan Capistrano, California. The Spanish missionaries constructed Mission San Juan Capistrano less tha ...
* Ahunx Ahunx ("elevated") was a village site significant to the Payómkawichum and Acjachemen located between the old town of El Toro (now referred to as Lake Forest, California) and Tomato Springs (located in the Portola Springs area).O'Neil, S. T. (20 ...
* Genga
* Hutukgna
* Lupukngna
Lupukngna was a coastal Tongva village that was at least 3,000 years old located on the bluffs along the Santa Ana River in Huntington Beach near the Newland House Museum. Other nearby coastal villages included Genga, located in West Newport Bea ...
* Moyongna
Moyongna, alternatively spelled Moyonga, was a coastal Tongva village or landmark site located near the entrance of Newport Bay in Newport Beach, California near Corona del Mar. As a coastal village, the usage of '' te'aats'' was likely import ...
* Pajbenga
Pajbenga, alternative spelling Pagbigna and Pasbengna, was a Tongva village located at Santa Ana, California, near the El Refugio Adobe, which was the home of José Sepulveda (now located near the intersection of Raitt Street and Myrtle Street). ...
* Piwiva
Piwiva was a Acjachemen village located at the meeting place of the San Juan Creek and Cañada Gobernadora tributary in what is now Rancho Mission Viejo, California. The name for the village was closely related to the Payómkawichum word for wi ...
* Puhú
Puhú (''Payómkawichum'': “its arrow place”) was a major residential village in the Santa Ana Mountains shared by the Tongva, Acjachemen, Payómkawichum, and Serrano near Santiago Peak. The village resided approximately 600m above sea leve ...
* Putiidhem
Putuidem (''Acjachemen'': "belly" or "the navel"), alternative spelling Putiidhem or Putuidhem, was a large native village of the Acjachemen people, also known as '' Juaneño'' since their relocation to Mission San Juan Capistrano. The site was ...
* Totpavit
Totpavit, alternative spellings Totabit and possibly Totavet, was a Tongva village located in what is now Olive, California. The village was located between the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek. It was part of a series of villages along the San ...
References