The Historic Center of the City of Salzburg, also known as the Altstadt, is a district of
Salzburg
Salzburg (, ; literally "Salt-Castle"; bar, Soizbuag, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian) is the List of cities and towns in Austria, fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020, it had a population of 156,872.
The town is on the site of the ...
,
Austria
Austria, , bar, Ăstareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
, recognized as
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
since 1996. It corresponds with the historic
city center
A city centre is the commercial, cultural and often the historical, political, and geographic heart of a city. The term "city centre" is primarily used in British English, and closely equivalent terms exist in other languages, such as "" in Fren ...
, situated on the left and right banks of the
Salzach
The Salzach (Austrian: saltsax ) is a river in Austria and Germany. It is in length and is a right tributary of the Inn, which eventually joins the Danube. Its drainage basin of comprises large parts of the Northern Limestone and Central E ...
river.
[ The listing description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0.]
The listing of the World Heritage Site describes it thus: "Salzburg has managed to preserve an extraordinarily rich urban fabric, developed over the period from the Middle Ages to the 19th century when it was a city-state ruled by a prince-archbishop. Its Flamboyant Gothic art attracted many craftsmen and artists before the city became even better known through the work of the Italian architects Vincenzo Scamozzi and Santini Solari, to whom the centre of Salzburg owes much of its Baroque appearance. This meeting-point of northern and southern Europe perhaps sparked the genius of Salzburgâs most famous son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, whose name has been associated with the city ever since."
[
The listed area comprises a core zone of , including the old city on both banks of the Salzach river together with the ]Mönchsberg
The Mönchsberg, at above sea level, is one of five mountains in the city of Salzburg in Austria. It flanks the western side of Salzburg's historic city centre, and forms part of the city's UNESCO World Heritage Site.
It is named after the B ...
, Festungsberg
Festungsberg is a mountain in the city of Salzburg in Austria, , which rises to an elevation of . It is the site of the Hohensalzburg Fortress, which towers over Salzburg's historic city centre to the north, and forms part of the city's UNESCO ...
and Kapuzinerberg
Kapuzinerberg is a hill on the eastern bank of the Salzach river in the Salzburg, city of Salzburg in Austria, which rises to an elevation of . It is located to the south of Altstadt Salzburg, Salzburg's historic city centre, and forms part of th ...
hills that surround the old city to west and east. Beyond the core zone there is a buffer zone of which is intended to protect the core zone being affected by development visible in long distance views.
Sites and monuments
Sites and monuments in the core zone of the historic centre include:
* ''Felsenreitschule
The Felsenreitschule (literally "rock riding school") is a theatre in Salzburg, Austria and a venue of the Salzburg Festival.
History
A first Baroque theatre was erected in 1693â94 at the behest of the Salzburg prince-archbishop Johann Ernst vo ...
'', an open-air theatre built in the quarry used for the construction of Salzburg Cathedral
* '' Franziskanerkirche'', one of Salzburg's oldest buildings, dating from 1208 and used by the Franciscans
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since 1642
* ''Getreidegasse
(Grain Lane) is a busy shopping street in the historic ''Altstadt'' (Old Town) of Salzburg, Austria, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. It is known for the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at No. 9, where he lived until the age of 17. ...
'', a busy narrow shopping street characterised by numerous high townhouses
* ''GroĂes Festspielhaus
The ''GroĂes Festspielhaus'' (Large Festival House), in its current form, was designed by architect Clemens Holzmeister in 1956 for the Salzburg Festival in
Austria. It was inaugurated on 26 July 1960 with a performance of Richard Strauss' ''D ...
'', an opera house and concert hall dating from 1960 and built for the annual Salzburg Festival
The Salzburg Festival (german: Salzburger Festspiele) is a prominent festival of music and drama established in 1920. It is held each summer (for five weeks starting in late July) in the Austrian town of Salzburg, the birthplace of Wolfgang Amad ...
* '' Haus fĂŒr Mozart'', formerly the ''Kleines Festspielhaus'', an opera house and concert hall dating from 1925
* Hohensalzburg Fortress
Hohensalzburg Fortress (german: Festung Hohensalzburg, lit=High Salzburg Fortress) is a large medieval fortress in the city of Salzburg, Austria. It sits atop the Festungsberg at an altitude of 506 m. It was erected at the behest of the Prince-Arc ...
(''Festung Hohensalzburg''), overlooking the Old Town, one of the largest castles in Europe
* Holy Trinity Church (''Dreifaltigkeitskirche''), dating from 1694
* Hotel Goldener Hirsch
The Hotel Goldener Hirsch is a Hotel rating, five-star hotel located at Getreidegasse 37 in the Altstadt (old town) of Salzburg, Austria. The hotel includes the adjacent house at Getreidegasse 35 and the nearby goldsmith house at Getreidegasse 46. ...
, a five-star hotel located in a building on ''Getreidegasse'' dating back to at least 1407
* '' Kollegienkirche'', the Baroque style
The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...
church of the University of Salzburg
The University of Salzburg (german: UniversitÀt Salzburg), also known as the Paris Lodron University of Salzburg (''Paris-Lodron-UniversitÀt Salzburg'', PLUS), is an Austrian public university
A public university or public college is a univ ...
* Mirabell Palace
Mirabell Palace (german: Schloss Mirabell) is a historic building in the city of Salzburg, Austria. The palace with its gardens is a listed cultural heritage monument and part of the Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg UNESCO World Heritage Si ...
(''Schloss Mirabell''), a pleasure palace built in 1606 with wide gardens and a marble hall
* ''Museum der Moderne Salzburg
The Museum der Moderne Salzburg has two buildings at two different locations in Salzburg, Austria. The Rupertinum in the old town for new artistic concepts opened in 1983 and the Museum on the Mönchsberg for modern art in a contemporary setting op ...
'', a modern art museum with locations in the old city and on the Mönchsberg
* '' Mozartplatz'', a historic square with monument to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791), baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition r ...
* Mozart's birthplace
Mozart's birthplace (German: or ) was the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at No. 9 Getreidegasse in Salzburg, Austria. The Mozart family resided on the third floor from 1747 to 1773. Mozart himself was born here on 27 January 1756. He was ...
(''Mozarts Geburtshaus''), a house in ''Getreidegasse'' that is now a museum dedicated to Mozart
* Nonnberg Abbey
Nonnberg Abbey (german: Stift Nonnberg) is a Benedictine monastery in Salzburg, Austria. Founded by Saint Rupert of Salzburg, it is the oldest continuously existing nunnery in the German-speaking world. The monastery complex is today a protected ...
(''Stift Nonnberg''), a Benedictine
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, abbreviation = OSB
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monastery founded c.712/715
* ''Residenz
Residenz () is a German word for "place of living", now obsolete except in the formal sense of an official residence. A related term, Residenzstadt, denotes a city where a sovereign ruler resided, therefore carrying a similar meaning as the modern ...
'', the former residence of the Prince-Archbishops, housing the '' Residenzgalerie'' art gallery
* ''Residenzplatz
''Residenzplatz'' is a large, stately square in the historic centre (''Altstadt'') of Salzburg in Austria. Originally named ''Hauptplatz'', it is now named after the ''Alte Residenz
The Salzburg Residenz, also known as the Alte Residenz or Old R ...
'', a large square outside the Residenz with a large and ornate fountain
* Salzburg Cathedral
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(''Salzburger Dom'')
* ''Salzburger Landestheater
The Salzburg State Theatre (''Salzburger Landestheater'') is a theatre situated in Salzburg, Austria, a venue for opera, theatre, and dance, contemporary and older works, with resident companies of actors, singers and dancers. The theatre presents ...
'', a theatre and venue for opera, theatre, and dance, with resident companies of actors, singers and dancers
* '' Salzburger Marionettentheater'', a marionette theatre
A marionette (; french: marionnette, ) is a puppet controlled from above using wires or strings depending on regional variations. A marionette's puppeteer is called a marionettist. Marionettes are operated with the puppeteer hidden or revealed ...
established in 1912
* Salzburg Museum
Housed in the ' (to which it moved in 2005), the Salzburg Museum is the museum of artistic and cultural history of the city and region of Salzburg, Austria. It originated as the Provincialmuseum and was also previously known as the Museum Carolino- ...
, a museum of artistic and cultural history of the city and region of Salzburg housed in the '
* '' Sigmundstor'', an eighteenth century tunnel connecting the Altstadt with the Riedenburg quarter through the Mönchsberg
* , a sculpture of a man on a golden sphere (Stephan Balkenhol, 2007)
* St Peter's Abbey (''Stift Sankt Peter''), a Benedictine
, image = Medalla San Benito.PNG
, caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal
, abbreviation = OSB
, formation =
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, foun ...
monastery founded 696 with a well-known cemetery
* (''Sebastianskirche''), a church consecrated in 1511
References
{{coord, 47.7997, N, 13.0486, E, source:wikidata, display=title
Districts of Salzburg