''Alphanodavirus'' is a genus of non-enveloped

positive-strand RNA virus Positive-strand RNA viruses (+ssRNA viruses) are a group of related viruses that have positive-sense, single-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. The positive-sense genome can act as messenger RNA (mRNA) and can be directly translated int ...

es in the family ''

Nodaviridae ''Nodaviridae'' is a family of nonenveloped positive-strand RNA viruses. Vertebrates and invertebrates serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this family include: viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in fish. There are nine species in ...

''. Insects, mammals, and fishes serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: Nodamura virus paralysis in infected wax moth larvae. Member viruses can also provoke paralysis and death to suckling mice and suckling hamsters. There are five species in this genus.

Structure

Viruses in the genus ''Alphanodavirus'' are

non-enveloped A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. Numerous human pathogenic viruses in circulation are encase ...

, with icosahedral geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, bipartite, around 21.4kb in length.

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the

replication model. Positive-strand RNA virus transcription, using the internal initiation model of subgenomic RNA transcription is the method of transcription. Member viruses are released by

lysis Lysis ( ) is the breaking down of the membrane of a cell, often by viral, enzymic, or osmotic (that is, "lytic" ) mechanisms that compromise its integrity. A fluid containing the contents of lysed cells is called a ''lysate''. In molecular bio ...

of the infected host cell. Insects, mammals, and fishes serve as the natural host.

Taxonomy

The genus has five species: * ''

Black beetle virus ''Black beetle virus'' (BBV) is a virus that was initially discovered in the North Island of New Zealand in Helensville in dead New Zealand black beetles (''Heteronychus arator'') in 1975. History and general information BBV is recognized as a ...

'' * ''

Boolarra virus ''Boolarra virus'' (BoV) is a member of the family ''Nodaviridae''. It was named after Boolarra, Victoria where it was first discovered after infecting and killing or severely debilitating a pest larvae. As of now, the only known host for ''Boola ...

'' * '' Flock House virus'' * ''

Nodamura virus ''Nodamura virus'' (NoV) is a member of the family Nodaviridae, which was originally isolated from mosquitoes (''Culex tritaeniorhynchus'') in Japan near the village of Nodamura in 1956. Other members of Nodaviridae are flock house virus (FHV) an ...

'' * '' Pariacoto virus''

References

External links

ICTV Report: ''Nodaviridae''

{{Taxonbar, from=Q18819856 Nodaviridae Virus genera