Alonim ( he, אַלּוֹנִים, ''lit.''

Oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ...

s) is a

kibbutz A kibbutz ( he, קִבּוּץ / , lit. "gathering, clustering"; plural: kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming h ...

in northern

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

. Located in the Lower Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In the kibbutz had a population of .

History

Ottoman era

In the Ottoman era, a village called Qusqus, or Kuskus, was situated here. In 1859, the population was given as 100, with 16

feddan A feddan ( ar, فدّان, faddān) is a unit of area used in Egypt, Sudan, Syria, and the Oman. In Classical Arabic, the word means 'a yoke of oxen', implying the area of ground that could be tilled by oxen in a certain time. In Egypt, the fedda ...

s of tillage.Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p
271
/ref> In 1875,

Victor Guérin Victor Guérin (15 September 1821 – 21 Septembe 1890) was a French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included Greece, Asia Min ...

visited, and estimated that the village had 200 inhabitants. In 1881, the PEF's ''

Survey of Western Palestine The PEF Survey of Palestine was a series of surveys carried out by the Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) between 1872 and 1877 for the Survey of Western Palestine and in 1880 for the Survey of Eastern Palestine. The survey was carried out after the ...

'' described Kuskus as an adobe village in the oak-woods on high ground.

British Mandate era

In 1925 a Zionist organisation purchased 30

s in Kiskis (present Alonim) and Tabon (present

Kiryat Tiv'on Kiryat Tiv'on ( he, קִרְיַת טִבְעוֹן, also Qiryat Tiv'on) is a town in the Haifa District of Israel, in the hills between the Zvulun (Zebulon) and Jezreel valleys. Kiryat Tiv'on is situated southeast of Haifa Haifa ( he, � ...

) from the

Sursuk family The Sursock family (also spelled Sursuq) is a Greek Orthodox Christian family from Lebanon, and used to be one of the most important families of Beirut. Having originated in Constantinople during the Byzantine Empire, the family has lived in Bei ...

Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...

. At the time, there were 36 families living there. From 1931, and lasting several years, the Jewish Agency struggled to evict the tenant farmers from Qusqus, from the land which was to become Alonim. The kibbutz was established on 26 June 1938 as part of the tower and stockade settlement project. During the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine, Alonim was frequently attacked and three of its members were killed. It began as an orchard and dairy farm, and manufactured flutes, which were popular with Israeli children. By 1945, al Tivon (Alonim) (previously Qusqus Taboun) had 370 Muslim and 320 Jewish inhabitants, with a total land area of 5,823 dunams. Of this land, 141 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 2,038 for

cereal A cereal is any Poaceae, grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, Cereal germ, germ, and bran. Cereal Grain, grain crops are grown in greater quantit ...

s, while 3,644 dunams were classified as non-cultivable land. In 1947, Alonim had a population of over 450. File:אלונים - עלית קבוצת אלונים על אדמת קוסקוס.-JNF037082.jpeg, Alonim 1938. Arrival of colonists File:עליית קבוצת אלונים על אדמת קוסקוס-טבעון-JNF016714.jpeg, Alonim under construction, June 1938 File:מגדל שמירה באלונים בעמק יזרעאל-JNF022314.jpeg, Alonim, a watchtower, 1938 File:מגדל ביטחון באלונים-JNF022308.jpeg, Alomin, a watchtower, 1939 File:אלונים - מראה-JNF033700.jpeg, Alonim, 1945

State of Israel

The Israel National Arabian Horse Show is an annual event held at Kibbutz Alonim. As one of its economic branches, the kibbutz operates chicken coops in partnership with Kibbutz

Hannaton Hanaton ( he, חנתון) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located twelve kilometers north of Nazareth near the Arab town of Shefaram, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In it had a population of . Etymology ...

.Nefesh B'Nefesh: Kibbutz Hannaton
/ref>

References

Bibliography

* * * * * *

External links

Kibbutz website
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 5:
IAAWikimedia commons
{{Jezreel Valley Regional Council Kibbutzim Kibbutz Movement Populated places established in 1938 Jewish villages in Mandatory Palestine Populated places in Northern District (Israel)