The Capsalidae Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of

monopisthocotylea The Monopisthocotylea are a subclass of parasitic flatworms in the class Monogenea. WoRMS (2019). Monopisthocotylea. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=119219 on 2019-02-08 Yamaguti, S. (1963). Systema Helminthum V ...

monogenea Monogeneans are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reprod ...

ns, which includes about 200

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

. The

monophyly In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic grou ...

of the Capsalidae is supported by possession of accessory

sclerites A sclerite (Greek , ', meaning "hard") is a hardened body part. In various branches of biology the term is applied to various structures, but not as a rule to vertebrate anatomical features such as bones and teeth. Instead it refers most commonly ...

in the

haptor The haptor is the attachment organ of the monogeneans, a group of parasitic Platyhelminthes. The haptor is sometimes called opisthaptor (from ''opistho-'': behind) to emphasize that it is located in the posterior part of the body, and to differe ...

(the posterior attachment organ), and was confirmed by

molecular phylogeny Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

. Their

oncomiracidium An oncomiracidium is the ciliated and free-living larva of a monogenean, a type of parasitic flatworm commonly found on fish. It is similar to the miracidium of Trematoda, but has sclerotised Sclerotin is a component of the cuticle of various A ...

(the free larva) is distinct from that of other families. Capsalids are

parasite Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has ...

on various organs of marine

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of li ...

(

teleosts Teleostei (; Greek ''teleios'' "complete" + ''osteon'' "bone"), members of which are known as teleosts ), is, by far, the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, containing 96% of all extant species of fish. Teleo ...

and

elasmobranchs Elasmobranchii () is a Class (biology), subclass of Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fish, including sharks (superorder Selachii), Batoidea, rays, skate (fish), skates, and sawfish (superorder Batoidea). Members of this subclass are characteris ...

), including skin,

fins A fin is a thin component or appendage attached to a larger body or structure. Fins typically function as foils that produce lift or thrust, or provide the ability to steer or stabilize motion while traveling in water, air, or other fluids. Fin ...

and

gills A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

. Several capsalid species, such a ''

Neobenedenia ''Neobenedenia'' is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogenean flatworm parasites. The most common species, ''Neobenedenia melleni'', causes problematic disease in public aquariums. It was named after ichthyologist Ida May Mellen (1877–1970) ...

'' spp. are pathogenic, especially on

mariculture Mariculture or marine farming is a specialized branch of aquaculture (which includes freshwater aquaculture) involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other animal products, in enclosed sections of the open ocean ( offshore mari ...

d fish.

Included Genera

Genera as recognized i
WorMs
are listed below. Recent molecular analyses have shown that several genera, which were defined on morphological characters, are not monophyletic. ''

Menziesia ''Menziesia'' was a genus of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae. More recently it has been reclassified within the genus '' Rhododendron''. it was formally transferred in 2011. Species * ''Menziesia ciliicalyx'' (Miq.) Maxim. = '' Rhododend ...

'' and ''

Nitzschia ''Nitzschia'' is a common pennate marine diatom. In the scientific literature, this genus, named after Christian Ludwig Nitzsch, is sometimes termed ''Nitzchia'', and it has many species described, which all have a similar morphology. Occurrence ...

'' have their equivalent in the

botanical nomenclature Botanical nomenclature is the formal, scientific naming of plants. It is related to, but distinct from Alpha taxonomy, taxonomy. Plant taxonomy is concerned with grouping and classifying plants; botanical nomenclature then provides names for the ...

: ''

'' (a

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

) and ''

'' (a

diatom A diatom (Neo-Latin ''diatoma''), "a cutting through, a severance", from el, διάτομος, diátomos, "cut in half, divided equally" from el, διατέμνω, diatémno, "to cut in twain". is any member of a large group comprising sev ...

). * ''

Allobenedenia ''Allobenedenia'' is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, included in the family Capsalidae.Yamaguti, S. (1963). Systema Helminthum Volume IV Monogenea and Aspidocotylea: John Wiley & Sons.WoRMS (2018). Allobenedenia Yamaguti, 1963. Accesse ...

'' Yamaguti, 1963 * '' Alloencotyllabe'' Khalil & Abdul-Salam, 1988 * '' Allomegalocotyla'' Yamaguti, 1963 * '' Allometabenedeniella'' Velasquez, 1982 * ''

Ancyrocotyle The Capsalidae Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophyly of the Capsa ...

'' Parona & Monticelli, 1903 * ''

Benedenia The CapsalidaeSatyu Yamaguti, Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophy ...

'' Diesing, 1858 * '' Benedeniella'' Johnston, 1929 * '' Branchobdella'' Kearn, Whittington & Evans-Gowing, 2007 * '' Calicobenedenia''

Kritsky ''Kritsky'' is a genus of digeneans in the family Aporocotylidae or blood flukes.WoRMS (2018). Kritsky Orelis-Ribeiro & Bullard, 2016. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=871002 on 2018-09-23 The name of the genus ...

& Fennessy, 1999 * '' Capsala'' Bosc, 1811 * ''

Capsaloides The CapsalidaeSatyu Yamaguti, Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophy ...

'' Price, 1936 * '' Dioncopseudobenedenia'' Yamaguti, 1965 * '' Encotyllabe'' Diesing, 1850 * '' Entobdella'' Blainville in

Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...

, 1818 * '' Interniloculus'' Suriano & Beverley-Burton, 1979 * ''

Lagenivaginopseudobenedenia ''Lagenivaginopseudobenedenia'' is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogenean (a group of ectoparasitic flatworms), included in the family Capsalidae.Whittington, I. D. 2004: The Capsalidae (Monogenea: Monopisthocotylea): a review of diversity, cla ...

'' Yamaguti, 1966 * '' Listrocephalos'' Bullard, Payne & Braswell, 2004 * '' Macrophyllida'' Johnston, 1929 * '' Mediavagina'' Lawler & Hargis, 1968 * '' Megalobenedenia'' Egorova, 1994 * '' Megalocotyle'' Folda, 1928 * ''

'' Gibson, 1976 * '' Metabenedeniella'' Yamaguti, 1958 * '' Nasicola'' Yamaguti, 1968 * ''

'' Yamaguti, 1963 * '' Neobenedeniella'' Yamaguti, 1963 * '' Neoentobdella'' Kearn & Whittington, 2005 * ''

Baer Baer (or Bär, from german: bear, links=no) or Van Baer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Baer * Alan Baer, American tuba player * Arthur "Bugs" Baer (1886–1969), American journalist and humorist * Buddy Baer (1915–1986), ...

, 1826 * '' Oligoncobenedenia'' Yamaguti, 1965 * ''

Pseudoallobenedenia The CapsalidaeSatyu Yamaguti, Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophy ...

'' Yamaguti, 1966 * '' Pseudobenedenia'' Johnston, 1931 * '' Pseudobenedeniella'' Timofeeva, Gaevskaja & Kovaliova, 1987 * '' Pseudobenedenoides'' Szidat, 1969 * '' Pseudoentobdella'' Yamaguti, 1963 * '' Pseudomegalocotyla'' Yamaguti, 1963 * '' Pseudonitzschia'' Yamaguti, 1968 * '' Sessilorbis'' Mamaev, 1970 * '' Sprostonia'' Bychowsky, 1957 * '' Sprostoniella'' Bychowsky & Nagibina, 1967 * '' Tetrasepta'' Suriano, 1975 * '' Trilobiodiscus'' Bychowsky & Nagibina, 1967 * ''

Trimusculotrema The CapsalidaeSatyu Yamaguti, Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophy ...

'' Whittington & Barton, 1990 * '' Tristoma''

Cuvier Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (; 23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in nat ...

, 1817 * ''

Tristomella The CapsalidaeSatyu Yamaguti, Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophy ...

'' Guiart, 1938 * '' Trochopella''

Euzet Euzet (; oc, Euset) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France. Population See also *Communes of the Gard department This is a list of the 351 Communes of France, communes of the Gard Departments of France, department of France. ...

& Trilles, 1962 * '' Trochopus'' Diesing, 1850

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5019492 Monopisthocotylea Platyhelminthes families