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Ali Qazi Tabatabai, also known as "
Allamah
''Allāmah'' ( ar, عَلَّامة, Urdu and , meaning "learned"), also spelled ''Allāma'' and ''Allama'' and “ Allameh “, is an Islamic honorary title for a profound scholar, a polymath, a man of vast reading and erudition, or a great ...
Qadi
A qāḍī ( ar, قاضي, Qāḍī; otherwise transliterated as qazi, cadi, kadi, or kazi) is the magistrate or judge of a '' sharīʿa'' court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and mino ...
" and "Ayatollah Qazi" (1285–1366 AH; 1869–1947 CE), was an Iranian
alim
Alim (''ʿAlīm'' , also anglicized as ''Aleem'') is one of the Names of God in Islam, meaning "''All-knowing one''". It is also used as a personal name, as a short form of Abdul Alim, "''Servant of the All-Knowing''":
Given name
* Alim ad-Din A ...
(Islamic scholar) and mystic. He was the son of Husseyn and was born in
Tabriz
Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...
,
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. He was born on 29 April 1866 in
Tabriz
Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...
. his father
Sayyed Hosein Qazi was a prominent pupil of The grand
Mirza Shirazi al-Mujadid al-Shirazi, ar, المجدد الشيرازي
, birth_name =
, birth_date = April 25, 1815
, birth_place = Shiraz, Qajar Iran
, death_date =
, death_place = Samarra, Ottoman Iraq
, resting_ ...
. His maternal grandfather, Mirza Mohsen, was a great jurist.
Teachers
He learned under supervision of great scholars. Some of them are as follows:
Mirza Mousa Tabrizi, Muhammad Ali Qarcheh Daghi, Sayyed Hosein Qazi, Mirza Muhammad Taqi Tabrizi. Muhammad Kazem Khorasani ( Akhoond Khorasani), Mirza Fathollah Shariati, Mirza Hosein Tehrani, Sheykh Muhammad Kazem Yazdi, Fazel Sharabyani, Sheykh Muhammad Bahari, Sayyed Ahmad Karbalaei.
Pupils
Some of his pupils include:
Allameh Sayyed Muhammad Hossein Tabatabaei,
[Shining Sun ]n Memory of Allamah Tabataba'i (A translation of Mihr-i-Taban)
N, or n, is the fourteenth Letter (alphabet), letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the English alphabet, modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is English alphabet# ...
by Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Husayni Tihrani; Translation: Tawus Raja;- Publishers: ICAS Press, UK (2011), Page 18. Sayyed Muhammad Elahi Tabrizi,
Sayyed Hasan Masqati,
[Shining Sun ]n Memory of Allamah Tabataba'i (A translation of Mihr-i-Taban)
N, or n, is the fourteenth Letter (alphabet), letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the English alphabet, modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is English alphabet# ...
by Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Husayni Tihrani; Translation: Tawus Raja;- Publishers: ICAS Press, UK (2011), Page 19. Muhammad Taqi Amuli,
Sheykh Abbas Qouchani,
Muhammad Taqi Bahjat, Sayyed Yousef Hakim, Sayyed Muhammad Hoseini Hamadani, Sayyed Abdolhossein Dastgheib Shirazi, Sheykh Hasan Ali Nejabat Shirazi, Sayyed Muhammad Hadi Milani,
Allameh Muhammad Rez Muzaffar, second Qazi r.a(Qazi saani r.a)
Sayyed Ahmad Rizvi Kashmiri, Sayyed Abul Ali Sabzevari, Mirza Ali Qaravi Aliyari,
Sayyed Shahab Al Din Marashi Najafi,
Sayyed Abul Qasim Khoei, Hajj Sheykh Abul Fazl Khansari,
Sayyed Hashem Haddad, Sayyed Abdul Karim Keshmiri.
His Teachers in Mysticism
His teachers in
Shi'i
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most n ...
irfan
In Islam, ‘Irfan (Arabic/Persian/Urdu: ; tr, İrfan), literally ‘knowledge, awareness, wisdom’, is gnosis. Islamic mysticism can be considered as a vast range that engulfs theoretical and practical and conventional mysticism, but the co ...
were Ayatollah Sayyed
Ahmed Karbala'i (d. 1913) and
Sheikh
Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a ...
Mohammad Bahari, who in turn were the students of
Mirza Mulla Hossein Qulli Hamadani
Mirza may refer to:
* Mirza, Kamrup, town in Assam, India
* Mirza (name), historical royal title & noble
* ''Mirza'', the genus of giant mouse lemur
* "Mirza", song by Nino Ferrer
* ''Mirza – The Untold Story'', Punjabi action romance film wri ...
. Mulla Qulli was himself the student of
Ayatollah Haj Sayyed Ali Shushtari
Ayatollah ( ; fa, آیتالله, āyatollāh) is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy in Iran and Iraq that came into widespread usage in the 20th century.
Etymology
The title is originally derived from Arabic word p ...
.
Islamic Studies
Sayyed Ali Qadi started his Islamic studies in his hometown,
Tabriz
Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...
. There, he studied under his father Sayyed Hosein Qazi, Mirza Mousa Tabrizi, Muhammad Ali Qaracheh Daghi and others. Then in 1313 AH. he travelled to
Najaf
Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated popula ...
to continue his higher studies and to attain the status of ''Ijtihad''. In Najaf, he studied under
Muhammad Kazem Khorasani ( Akhoond Khorasani), Mirza Fathollah Shariati and others.
Authority (''Ijtihad'')
He received the degree of Authority or Ijtihad when he was 27 years old. He also kept in mind nearly 40,000 Arabic words.
Characters
The description of his characters is not easy. We just refer to some of his mystical aspect in summary.
Mystical behavior
Allameh Tabatabaei
Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i or Sayyid Mohammad Hossein Tabataba'i (16 March 1903 – 15 November 1981) was an Iranian scholar, theorist, philosopher and one of the most prominent thinkers of modern Shia Islam. He is perhaps best known for his '' ...
about the Mystical character of Aqa Ali Qazi says that: he sometimes was appeared between us while sometimes he was absent and disappeared.
Night prayers
Sayyed Ali Aqa Qazi emphasized more on the night praying. He already advised his pupils to the night praying. Allameh Tabatabaei says that: he told me if you want both of the world and after world, you have to exercise the night praying.
Works
He wrote several books, including a partially completed
tafsir
Tafsir ( ar, تفسير, tafsīr ) refers to exegesis, usually of the Quran. An author of a ''tafsir'' is a ' ( ar, مُفسّر; plural: ar, مفسّرون, mufassirūn). A Quranic ''tafsir'' attempts to provide elucidation, explanation, in ...
of the
Qur'an
The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , sing. ...
, which is a commentary up to verse 91 of Surah al-An’am.
He wrote some notes and commentary. Some of them are as follows:
* Incomplete explanation on Samat Dua
* Correction of the book of Ershad
* Notes on fotuhat and fosus
* Commentary on The Holy Quran
* Mystical letters and recommendations
[(Osveh Arefan,p.121)]
Death
The grand mystic Allameh Aqa Ali Qazi Tabatabaei died in 1947 in
Wadi-us-Salaam
Wadi-al-Salaam ( ar, وادي السلام, Wādī al-Salām, lit=Valley of Peace) is an Islamic cemetery, located in the Shia holy city of Najaf, Iraq. It is the largest cemetery in the world. The cemetery covers and contains more than 6 milli ...
Cemetery in Najaf.
External links
About Sayyed Ali Qazi(In persian).http://wikifeqh.ir/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%82%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C#foot23
* http://wiki.ahlolbait.com/index.php/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D9%82%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A_%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A#cite_note-9
* http://www.encyclopaediaislamica.com/madkhal2.php?sid=7298
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tabatabaei, Ali
Iranian Shia scholars of Islam
People from Tabriz
1866 births
1947 deaths
Iranian emigrants to Iraq
Pupils of Muhammad Kadhim Khorasani
Mystics from Iran