Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco (October 12, 1908 – May 1, 1993) — born Alfredo Pareja y Díez Canseco — was a prominent Ecuadorian

novelist A novelist is an author or writer of novels, though often novelists also write in other genres of both fiction and non-fiction. Some novelists are professional novelists, thus make a living writing novels and other fiction, while others aspire to ...

essayist An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a letter, a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have been sub-classified as formal a ...

journalist A journalist is an individual that collects/gathers information in form of text, audio, or pictures, processes them into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalism ...

historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the stu ...

and

diplomat A diplomat (from grc, δίπλωμα; romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state or an intergovernmental institution such as the United Nations or the European Union to conduct diplomacy with one or more other states or internati ...

. An innovator of the 20th-century Latin American novel, he was a founding member of the literary ''

Grupo de Guayaquil The Guayaquil Group (''Grupo de Guayaquil'', "Cinco como un puño") was a literary group from the 1930s - mid 1940s, that emerged as a response to a chaotic social and political climate where the Ecuadorian "montubio" and mestizo were oppressed by ...

'' ("Group of Guayaquil"), which brought a new emphasis to realistic novels. The government of President

Jaime Roldós Aguilera Jaime Roldós Aguilera (5 November 1940 – 24 May 1981) was 33rd President of Ecuador from 10 August 1979 until his death on 24 May 1981. In his short tenure, he became known for his firm stance on human rights. Early life and career Roldós ...

(1979–81) appointed Pareja as Chancellor of the Republic and he also served as

Foreign Minister A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between cou ...

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

(1979–80) and Ambassador to France (1983–84). His books have not yet been translated into English.

Biography

Pareja was born in

Guayaquil , motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_re ...

in 1908, the son of Fernando Pareja y Pareja (1862-1919) and of Amalia Diez-Canseco y Coloma (1865–1945), daughter of the former

Peruvian President The president of Peru ( es, link=no, presidente del Perú), officially called the president of the Republic of Peru ( es, link=no, presidente de la República del Perú), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is th ...

Francisco Diez Canseco y Corbacho and his wife. Pareja had to support his family from the age of 14. He read at night and assisted as a gate listener at the Colegio Vicente Rocafuerte, which was co-ed until 1937. He would monitor student conversations to ensure proper decorum. Pareja completed his early education in his hometown: primary school at the Colegio San Luis Gonzaga of the Christian Brothers. In 1927 Pareja and

Jorge Pérez Concha Jorge Pérez Concha (June 5, 1908 in Guayaquil – April 1, 1995 in Guayaquil) was an Ecuadorian historian, biographer, writer, and diplomat. He wrote biographies of Eloy Alfaro, Luis Vargas Torres, and his uncle Carlos Concha Torres, among othe ...

founded the magazine ''Voluntad'' in collaboration with

Leopoldo Benites Vinueza Leopoldo Benites (17 October 1905 – 1 January 1996) was an Ecuadorian diplomat who served as the 28th President of the United Nations General Assembly in 1973. He had been the permanent representative of Ecuador since October 1960. Early life an ...

, but they published only six issues. In 1930, Pareja embarked on an adventure in the United States. As a result of the

Great Depression The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagio ...

, he worked on the

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...

docks for a year (his later novel ''El Muelle'' (The Pier, 1933) reflects these experiences). After returning to Ecuador, he received his from the

University of Guayaquil The University of Guayaquil (Spanish: ''Universidad de Guayaquil''), known colloquially as the ''Estatal'' (i.e., "the State niversity), is a public university in Guayaquil, Guayas Province, Ecuador. Estatal was founded in 1883. It is the old ...

."Pareja Diezcanseco, Alfredo," in ''Historians of Latin America in the United States, 1965: Biobibliographies of 680 Specialists''. Ed. Howard F. Cline. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1966, 69. He became a professor of history and of Spanish and

Spanish American literature Latin American literature consists of the oral and written literature of Latin America in several languages, particularly in Spanish, Portuguese, and the indigenous languages of the Americas. It rose to particular prominence globally during the ...

at Universidad Laica Vicente Rocafuerte de Guayaquil. He also served as a Superintendent of Secondary Education and as a deputy of

Guayas Province Guayas () is a coastal Provinces of Ecuador, province in Ecuador. It is bordered to the west by Manabí Province, Manabí, Santa Elena Province, Ecuador, Santa Elena, and the Pacific Ocean (as the Gulf of Guayaquil); to the east by Los Ríos Pr ...

. In 1934 he married Mercedes Cucalón Concha, a second cousin and niece of Carlos Concha Torres and his wife. They had three children together: Cecilia, Jorge and Francisco.

Political issues

As an intellectual who was attracted to socialist ideas, Pareja sometimes was at cross purposes with the ruling governments in Ecuador. During the dictatorship of

Federico Páez Federico Páez Chiriboga (4 June 1877, Quito – 9 February 1974, Quito) was President of Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecua ...

(1935–37), Pareja was incarcerated and ultimately exiled to

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

. There he worked for the Ercilla Publishing House. Returning to Ecuador, he became a member of the Assembly, but was jailed again by the regime of President Aurelio Mosquera Narvaez. (This 30-day detainment formed the basis of his novel, ''Hombres sin tiempo''). In 1944 Pareja was appointed as Ecuador's

chargé d'affaires A ''chargé d'affaires'' (), plural ''chargés d'affaires'', often shortened to ''chargé'' (French) and sometimes in colloquial English to ''charge-D'', is a diplomat who serves as an embassy's chief of mission in the absence of the ambassador ...

in Mexico. In 1945 he became a special representative for the

United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) was an international relief agency, largely dominated by the United States but representing 44 nations. Founded in November 1943, it was dissolved in September 1948. it became part o ...

(UNRRA) in

Washington D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, Na ...

He later served in

Montevideo Montevideo () is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...

and

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...

, coordinating for the governments of

México Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...

n nations,

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

, and

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

. Between August 1979 and July 1980, during the government of President

, Pareja was appointed to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs. During the rule of Roldós's successor, President

Osvaldo Hurtado Luis Osvaldo Hurtado Larrea (born 26 June 1939) is an Ecuadorian author and politician who served as President of Ecuador from 24 May 1981 to 10 August 1984. Hurtado was born in Chambo, Chimborazo Province. During his studies at the Catholic ...

, he served as Permanent Delegate to

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

and Ambassador to Paris (1983–84). After retirement, Pareja dedicated his time to historical research. He died in Quito on 1 May 1993.

Literary works and political stance

Pareja was born into a conservative family but became part of a “socialist generation” in Ecuador. He lived through considerable political turmoil in the 1920s and concluded that his country's salvation lay on the left side of the political spectrum. He denied, however, being a “left-winger”. He insisted that he did not want to use his fiction as an instrument of propaganda. Rather, he sought to simply and directly depict social conditions that called for redress, while denouncing those in power who were guilty of corruption and injustice. His first novel, ''La casa de los locos'' (1929), satirized Ecuadorian politics. He attacked so many living people that publication was considerably delayed. Pareja attested to the strong influence of the Mexican writer and politician

José Vasconcelos José Vasconcelos Calderón (28 February 1882 – 30 June 1959), called the "cultural " of the Mexican Revolution, was an important Mexican writer, philosopher, and politician. He is one of the most influential and controversial personalities ...

. Other major literary influences included the Greek classics, Balzac, Dostoievski,

Thomas Mann Paul Thomas Mann ( , ; ; 6 June 1875 – 12 August 1955) was a German novelist, short story writer, social critic, philanthropist, essayist, and the 1929 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate. His highly symbolic and ironic epic novels and novella ...

Will Durant William James Durant (; November 5, 1885 – November 7, 1981) was an American writer, historian, and philosopher. He became best known for his work '' The Story of Civilization'', which contains 11 volumes and details the history of eastern a ...

and Arnold Toynbee. Some critics have also detected the influence of

Freud Sigmund Freud ( , ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating pathologies explained as originating in conflicts in ...

, Ehrenburg, Gide and

Proust Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust (; ; 10 July 1871 – 18 November 1922) was a French novelist, critic, and essayist who wrote the monumental novel ''In Search of Lost Time'' (''À la recherche du temps perdu''; with the previous Eng ...

. Pareja's cycle of narrative fiction was marked by realism and a strong connection with the history of his country (''El muelle'' ��The Pier” 1933; ''Hombres sin tiempo'' ��Men Without Time” 1941; ''Las tres ratas'' he Three Rats 1944). Having established a reputation as a writer both inside and outside of Ecuador, in 1944 he published an important biographical novel, ''The Barbaric Bonfire'', about the actions and historical circumstances surrounding the life and death of General

Eloy Alfaro José Eloy Alfaro Delgado (25 June 1842 – 28 January 1912) often referred to as "The Old Warrior," was an Ecuadorian politician who served as the President of Ecuador from 1895 to 1901 and from 1906 to 1911. Eloy Alfaro emerged as the leader ...

. He started a new cycle of novels n 1956 with ''La advertencia'' (“The Warning") and continued with ''El aire y los recuerdos'' (“Air and Memories”; 1959) and ''Los poderes omnímodos'' (“All-embracing Powers”; 1964). He was writing about the evolution of Ecuadorian society since 1925. Subsequently, he published the novel ''Las pequeñas estaturas'' ("Small Statures"; 1970). He also wrote essays: “Thomas Mann and the New Humanism” (1956) and “Essays on Essays” (1981). (To date his works have not been translated into English.) Pareja maintained a long association with the famous "Guayaquil Group" of Ecuadorian writers ( José de la Cuadra,

Joaquín Gallegos Lara Joaquín Gallegos Lara (April 9, 1909 – November 16, 1947) was an Ecuadorian social realist novelist, short story writer, poet, and essayist. Biography Joaquín Gallegos Lara was born in Guayaquil in 1909, the son of Emma Lara Calderon and Joa ...

, Demetrio Aguilera Malta,

Enrique Gil Gilbert Enrique Gil Gilbert (July 8, 1912 – February 21, 1973) was an Ecuadorian novelist, journalist, poet, and a high-ranking member of the Communist Party of Ecuador. Gil Gilbert was born and died in the coastal city of Guayaquil, and was the young ...

). He also associated with writers from other countries:

Jorge Luis Borges Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges Acevedo (; ; 24 August 1899 – 14 June 1986) was an Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator, as well as a key figure in Spanish-language and international literature. His best-known bo ...

, Juan David García Bacca,

John Dos Passos John Roderigo Dos Passos (; January 14, 1896 – September 28, 1970) was an American novelist, most notable for his ''U.S.A.'' trilogy. Born in Chicago, Dos Passos graduated from Harvard College in 1916. He traveled widely as a young man, visit ...

, Arnold Toynbee,

Julio Cortázar Julio Florencio Cortázar (26 August 1914 – 12 February 1984; ) was an Argentine, nationalized French novelist, short story writer, essayist, and translator. Known as one of the founders of the Latin American Boom, Cortázar influenced an ent ...

, Alvaro Mutis,

Jorge Enrique Adoum Jorge Enrique Adoum (June 29, 1926 in Ambato – July 3, 2009 in Quito) was an Ecuadorian writer, poet, politician, and diplomat. He was one of the major exponents of Latin American poetry. His work received such prestigious awards as the first ...

, Benjamin Carrión,

Oswaldo Guayasamín Oswaldo Guayasamín (July 6, 1919 – March 10, 1999) was an Ecuadorian painter and sculptor of Kichwa and Mestizo heritage. Biography Early life Guayasamín was born in Quito, Ecuador, to a native father and a Mestiza mother, both of Kichwa de ...

and his nephew Miguel Donoso Pareja. The only biography about Pareja was written by the journalist and writer

Francisco Febres Cordero Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''. Nicknames In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Comunitatis'' (father of ...

. Pareja maintained periodic correspondence with American writer

John Steinbeck John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. (; February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968) was an American writer and the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature winner "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social ...

. President Galo Plaza Lasso worked with Pareja in educational projects after

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

around the globe, mostly in Central and South America.

Accolades and positions

*'' Medalla de la Fundación Internacional Eloy Alfaro La Habana 1944'' *'' Medalla al Mérito Literario Municipio de Guayaquil, 1972'' *'' Premio Nacional Eugenio Espejo'' ("

Eugenio Espejo Francisco Javier Eugenio de Santa Cruz y Espejo (Royal Audiencia of Quito, February 21, 1747 – December 28, 1795) was a medical pioneer, writer and lawyer of mestizo origin in colonial Ecuador. Although he was a notable scientist and write ...

National Award"), Ecuador's most important literary award, given for a life's work, 1979. *'' Gran Oficial de la orden al Mérito del Ecuador'' *'' Gran Cruz de la Orden al Mérito del Ecuador'' *Gran Cruz de ''

Order of Isabella the Catholic The Order of Isabella the Catholic ( es, Orden de Isabel la Católica) is a Spanish civil order and honor granted to persons and institutions in recognition of extraordinary services to the homeland or the promotion of international relations a ...

'' *Grand Croix de ''

Order of the Crown (Belgium) The Order of the Crown (french: Ordre de la Couronne, nl, Kroonorde) is a national order of the Kingdom of Belgium. The Order is one of Belgium's highest honors. History The Order was established on October 15, 1897 by King Leopold II * ...

'' *Gran Cruz de la ''

Order of the Sun (Peru) Order of the Sun may refer to: * Order of the Sun (Peru) (1821–present), the highest award bestowed by the Republic of Peru to commend notable civil and military merit and the oldest civilian award in the Americas. * Order of the Sun (India) (194 ...

'' *''Gran Cruz da Orden de Rio Branco'' *'' Gran Cruz de la Orden Jóse Cecilio del Valle'' *''

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...

'', June 1992. Received the honor for presiding the Bicentennial of the French Revolution Committee. *Title of ''

Doctor Honoris Causa An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hon ...

'',

, 1986 *Member,

National Academy of History The National Academy of the History of Venezuela is an institution dedicated to the study and promotion of the history of Venezuela. Specifically, the objective is the collection of bibliographic, newspaper, audiovisual or other documentation to l ...

, June 1989 *Member,

Real Academia Española The Royal Spanish Academy ( es, Real Academia Española, generally abbreviated as RAE) is Spain's official royal institution with a mission to ensure the stability of the Spanish language. It is based in Madrid, Spain, and is affiliated with ...

*Member,

Anthropological and Geography Institute of Ecuador Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of behavi ...

*Member,

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana La Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana (''The House of Ecuadorian Culture'') is a cultural organization founded by Benjamín Carrión on August 9, 1944, during the presidency of Dr Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra. It was created to stimulate, to direct and ...

*Member, Ecuadorean Academy of History * Member, Center of Literary Studies,

*History advisor,

Pan American Institute of Geography and History {{Expand Spanish, date=June 2021 The Pan American Institute of Geography and History (PAIGH, es, Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia - IPGH) is an international organisation dedicated to the generation and transference of knowledge spe ...

, Ecuador. *Professor of Cultural History,

Universidad Central del Ecuador The Central University of Ecuador ( es, Universidad Central del Ecuador) is a national university located in Quito, Ecuador and is the oldest and largest university in Ecuador, and one of the oldest in the Americas. The enrollment at Central Univ ...

* Subdirector and Professor of American History and Political Theory, International Institute of Politic studies,

San José, Costa Rica San José (; meaning "Saint Joseph") is the capital and largest city of Costa Rica, and the capital of the province of the same name. It is in the center of the country, in the mid-west of the Central Valley, within San José Canton. San ...

. * Full Professor of Latin America History and International Relations, Graduate School of the

University of Florida The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public land-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida, traces its origins to 1853, and has operated continuously on its ...

, USA * Pensamiento Politico of the Republicas Grancolombianas *

Guggenheim Fellowship Guggenheim Fellowships are grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation to those "who have demonstrated exceptional capacity for productive scholarship or exceptional creative ability in the ar ...

*Full Professor of Latin American Political Problems and International Relations, Advanced Center of Studies, Graduate School,

University of Miami The University of Miami (UM, UMiami, Miami, U of M, and The U) is a private research university in Coral Gables, Florida. , the university enrolled 19,096 students in 12 colleges and schools across nearly 350 academic majors and programs, incl ...

, USA. *Professor of History Research,

*Full Professor in Foreign Literature,

Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador The Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE) (English: ''Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador'') is a Pontifical Catholic university founded in 1946 in Quito, Ecuador. History The university opened in the fall of 1946, with Carlos ...

, Ecuador *Cátedra Laronque Tinker, Graduate School,

University of Texas The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin, UT, or Texas) is a public research university in Austin, Texas. It was founded in 1883 and is the oldest institution in the University of Texas System. With 40,916 undergraduate students, 11,075 ...

, Literature and Politics in the Countries of the Grupo Andino. *Courses and conferences at the

University of New Mexico The University of New Mexico (UNM; es, Universidad de Nuevo México) is a public research university in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Founded in 1889, it is the state's flagship academic institution and the largest by enrollment, with over 25,400 ...

Albuquerque Albuquerque ( ; ), ; kee, Arawageeki; tow, Vakêêke; zun, Alo:ke:k'ya; apj, Gołgéeki'yé. abbreviated ABQ, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of New Mexico. Its nicknames, The Duke City and Burque, both reference its founding in ...

and at the Universidad de Puerto Rico.

Legacy

*Pareja was father-in-law to the noted

ethnomusicologist Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it. It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dim ...

Gerard Béhague Gerard Henri Béhague (November 2, 1937 – June 13, 2005) was an eminent Franco-American ethnomusicologist and professor of Latin American music. His specialty was the music of Brazil and the Andean countries and the influence of West Africa o ...

Selected works

Novels

*''La casa de los locos'' (

Guayaquil , motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_re ...

, 1929) *''La señorita Ecuador'' (

Guayaquil , motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_re ...

, 1930) *''Río arriba'' (1931) *''El muelle'' (

Guayaquil , motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_re ...

, 1933) *''La Beldaca'' (

Santiago de Chile Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whose ...

, 1935) *''Baldomera'' (

, 1938) *''Hechos y hazañas de don Balón de Baba y su amigo don Inocente Cruz'' (

, 1939) *''Hombres sin tiempo'' (

, 1941) *''Las tres ratas'' (

, 1944), made into the Argentine film of the same name in 1946. *''La advertencia'' (

, 1956) *''El aire y los recuerdos'' (

, 1959) *''Los poderes omnímodos'' (

, 1964) *''Las pequeñas estaturas'' (

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

, 1970) *''La manticora'' (

, 1974)

Editor, collection of folk poetry

*''El entenao'' (

Guayaquil , motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_re ...

, 1991)

Short Stories

*''Los gorgojos'' (

Quito Quito (; qu, Kitu), formally San Francisco de Quito, is the capital and largest city of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its urban area. It is also the capital of the province of Pichincha. Quito is located in a valley o ...

, 1954)

Essays

*''Breve historia del Ecuador'' (1946) *''Historia del Ecuador'' (1954) *''La lucha por la democracia en el Ecuador'' (Quito, 1956) *''Thomas Mann y el nuevo humanismo'' (Quito, 1956) *''El Ecuador de Eloy Alfaro'' (1966) *''Historia de la República: El Ecuador desde 1830 a Nuestros días'' (2 vols.;

Guayaquil , motto = Por Guayaquil Independiente en, For Independent Guayaquil , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Ecuador#South America , pushpin_re ...

: Cromograph, 1974) *''Las Instituciones y la Administración en la Real Audiencia de Quito'' (Quito, 1975) *''Ecuador: de la prehistoria à la conquista española'' (Quito, 1978) *''Ecuador: la República de 1830 a nuestros días'' (Quito, 1979) *''Ensayos de Ensayos'' (Quito, 1981) *''Notas de un viaje a China'' (Quito, 1986)

Biographies

*''La hoguera bárbara – Vida de Eloy Alfaro'' (México, 1944), a biography of Ecuadorian president

. *''Vida y leyenda de Miguel de Santiago'' (México, 1952), a biography of Ecuadorian painter

Miguel de Santiago --> Miguel is a given name and surname, the Portuguese and Spanish form of the Hebrew name Michael. It may refer to: Places *Pedro Miguel, a parish in the municipality of Horta and the island of Faial in the Azores Islands *São Miguel (disambi ...

. Alfredo Pareja is included in the following anthologies: *''El nuevo relato ecuatoriano'' (Quito, 1951) *''Antología básica del cuento ecuatoriano'' (Quito, 1998)

Articles

*Pareja Diezcanseco, Alfredo (1989), Entry: "Juan Montalvo (1832-1889)"; In Solé, Carlos A (Editor in Chief) and María Isabel Abreu (Associate Editor), ''Latin American Writers – Volume 1'';

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

Charles Scribner's Sons Charles Scribner's Sons, or simply Scribner's or Scribner, is an American publisher based in New York City, known for publishing American authors including Henry James, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Kurt Vonnegut, Marjorie Kinnan Rawli ...

, 3 volumes.

References

Citations

Other sources

* Aguilar-Monsalve, Luis (1942), ''Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco y su novela socio-política'', 1979, Universidad de California, Los Ángeles. 327 pp. Director: John A. Crow. *Gama e Silva, Vicente (1981), "Hacia una sociología de la literatura: acercamiento a la novela 'Pequeñas estaturas', de Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco", '' Cultura'', 4:11 (Sept/Dec issue), pp 61–91. *Heise, Karl H. (1973), ''La evolution novelistica de Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco'',

: Ediciones de Libreria *Madinier, Laurence (1980), ''Vision de la Société Equatorienne de Guayaquil a travers l'oeuvre d'Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco, Memoire de Maîtrise'' issertation:_Université_de_Paris_–_Nanterre.html" ;"title="Université_de_Paris.html" ;"title="issertation: Université de Paris">issertation: Université de Paris – Nanterre">Université_de_Paris.html" ;"title="issertation: Université de Paris">issertation: Université de Paris – Nanterre Institu d'Etudes Iberiques er Latino-Americaines (June 1980). *Neira, Raul Fernando (1990), ''La experiencia literaria de Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco: Su primer ciclo novelistico (1929-1944)'' [Dissertation: The University of Texas at Austin (August 1990)]. *Rengifo, Alfredo (1990), ''La narrativa de Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco'',

: Ediciones del Banco Central del Ecuador *Schwartz, Kessel (1959
“Alfredo Pareja y Diez Canseco, Social Novelist”
''

Hispania Hispania ( la, Hispānia , ; nearly identically pronounced in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Italian) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania ...

'', Vol 42, No. 2, (May), pp 220–228.

External links

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Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco recorded at the Library of Congress for the Hispanic Division's audio literary archive on Aug. 24, 1961Curriculum Vitae of Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco
from the UNESCO Digital Library {{DEFAULTSORT:Pareja Diezcanseco, Alfredo 1908 births 1993 deaths People from Guayaquil Ecuadorian male writers 20th-century Ecuadorian historians Ecuadorian journalists Male journalists Universidad Laica Vicente Rocafuerte de Guayaquil faculty Ecuadorian diplomats Foreign ministers of Ecuador Permanent Delegates of Ecuador to UNESCO Ambassadors of Ecuador to France Grand Crosses of the Order of the Crown (Belgium) Grand Crosses of the Order of the Sun of Peru 20th-century male writers 20th-century journalists