Alfred Vogt (31 October 1879 – 10 December 1943) was a

Swiss Swiss may refer to: * the adjectival form of Switzerland * Swiss people Places * Swiss, Missouri * Swiss, North Carolina *Swiss, West Virginia * Swiss, Wisconsin Other uses *Swiss-system tournament, in various games and sports *Swiss Internation ...

ophthalmologist Ophthalmology ( ) is a surgery, surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Followin ...

, known for his development of techniques for

retinoscopy Retinoscopy (Ret) is a technique to obtain an objective measurement of the refractive error of a patient's eyes. The examiner uses a retinoscope to shine light into the patient's eye and observes the reflection (reflex) off the patient's retina. W ...

and the surgical management of

retinal detachment Retinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. Initial detachment may be localized, but without rapid treatment the entire retina may detach, leading to vision loss and blin ...

.Alfred Vogt, Whonamedit - dictionary of medical eponyms
/ref> Alfred Vogt received his doctorate from the

University of Basel The University of Basel (Latin: ''Universitas Basiliensis'', German: ''Universität Basel'') is a university in Basel, Switzerland. Founded on 4 April 1460, it is Switzerland's oldest university and among the world's oldest surviving universit ...

in 1904. After training in ophthalmology under professor Karl Mellinger in Basel, Vogt started private practice in 1906. In 1909 he was appointed head physician of the ophthalmological department of the cantonal hospital in the city of

Aarau Aarau (, ) is a List of towns in Switzerland, town, a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality, and the capital of the northern Swiss Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Aargau. The List of towns in Switzerland, town is also the capital of the dis ...

. In 1917 he was appointed professor extraordinarius and director of the University of Basel's eye clinic. In 1923 he was appointed professor ordinarius and director of the

University of Zurich The University of Zürich (UZH, german: Universität Zürich) is a public research university located in the city of Zürich, Switzerland. It is the largest university in Switzerland, with its 28,000 enrolled students. It was founded in 1833 f ...

's eye clinic.Ophthalmologist and eponyms – Vogt, mrcophth.com
/ref> Vogt was a pioneer of specular microscopy; around 1913 he used a

slit lamp A slit lamp is an instrument consisting of a high-intensity light source that can be focused to shine a thin sheet of light into the eye. It is used in conjunction with a biomicroscope. The lamp facilitates an examination of the anterior segm ...

together with a corneal microscope to investigate the structures of the anterior areas of the eye, and in 1918 he was the first to perform direct examination of the

corneal endothelium The corneal endothelium is a single layer of endothelial cells on the inner surface of the cornea. It faces the chamber formed between the cornea and the iris. The corneal endothelium are specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that li ...

. He is also credited with introducing perforating cyclodiathermy for the treatment of

glaucoma Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss. The most common type is open-angle (wide angle, chronic simple) glaucoma, in which the drainage angle for fluid within the eye rem ...

(in 1936).

Awards and honors

* 1919 Election to the

Leopoldina Leopoldina may refer to: * Colônia Leopoldina, a Brazilian municipality in the state of Alagoa * Leopoldina, Minas Gerais, a Brazilian municipality in the state of Minas Gerais * Maria Leopoldina of Austria (1797-1826), consort of emperor Pedro I ...

* 1932 Donders Medal of the Dutch Ophthalmological Society * 1939 Cothenius Medial of the Leopoldina * 1941

Gonin Medal The Gonin Medal is an international award given to one ophthalmologist every four years by the International Council of Ophthalmology. The award is named in honor of Swiss ophthalmologist Jules Gonin. It has been said to represent "the highest achie ...

* 1942 Gullstrand Medal of the Swedish Medical Society

Selected works

* ''Damage to the Eye caused by Aniline Dye.''
''Atlas der Spaltlampenmikroskopie des lebenden Auges.''
Berlin, J. Springer, 1921. ** 2nd edition in 2 volumes. Springer, 1930–1931 ** 3rd volume. F. Enke, 1942. *** English translation ''Handbook and Atlas of the Slit Lamp Microscopy of the Living Eye'' in 3 volumes, Zürich, 1947. ** New printing of the 2nd edition (in German), Bonn, J. P. Wayenborgh, 1977. *** English translation ''Textbook and Atlas of the Slit Lamp Microscopy of the Living Eye'' by F. C. Blodi, 3 volumes, Bonn, J. P. Wayenborgh, 1978–1981 *** French translation, Italian translation.

Eponyms

*Anterior crocodile shagreen of Vogt * Palisades of Vogt * Striae of Vogt *

Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease (VKH) is a multisystem disease of presumed autoimmune disease, autoimmune cause that affects melanin-pigmented tissues. The most significant manifestation is bilateral, diffuse uveitis, which affects the eyes. V ...

*Vogt's triad: seen in glaucoma, shouldn't be confused with "Vogt's triad" seen in

tuberous sclerosis Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare multisystem autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes non-cancerous tumours to grow in the brain and on other vital organs such as the kidneys, heart, liver, eyes, lungs and skin. A combination ...

which is named after the German neurologist Heinrich Vogt.

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Vogt, Alfred 1879 births 1943 deaths Swiss ophthalmologists Academic staff of the University of Basel Academic staff of the University of Zurich People from Kulm District