![Alfred, 27 August 2003](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Alfred%2C_27_August_2003.jpg)
Alfred de Grazia (December 29, 1919 – July 13, 2014), born in
Chicago
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
, image_map =
, map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago
, coordinates =
, coordinates_footnotes =
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name ...
,
Illinois
Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolita ...
, was a
political scientist
Political science is the science, scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of politics, political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated c ...
and author. He developed techniques of computer-based social network analysis in the 1950s, developed new ideas about personal digital archives in the 1970s, and defended the
catastrophism
In geology, catastrophism theorises that the Earth has largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope.
This contrasts with uniformitarianism (sometimes called gradualism), according to which slow increment ...
thesis of
Immanuel Velikovsky
Immanuel Velikovsky (; rus, Иммануи́л Велико́вский, p=ɪmənʊˈil vʲɪlʲɪˈkofskʲɪj; 17 November 1979) was a Jewish, Russian-American psychoanalyst, writer, and catastrophist. He is the author of several books offering ...
.
Origins
His father, Joseph Alfred de Grazia, was born in
Licodia, province of
Catania
Catania (, , Sicilian and ) is the second largest municipality in Sicily, after Palermo. Despite its reputation as the second city of the island, Catania is the largest Sicilian conurbation, among the largest in Italy, as evidenced also by ...
, in Sicily and was politically active in a troubled period in the history of the island. He emigrated to the United States at the age of twenty, after having hit the mayor of Licodia with his clarinet during a political scuffle. He became a bandmaster, music teacher, in and out of the
WPA
WPA may refer to:
Computing
*Wi-Fi Protected Access, a wireless encryption standard
*Windows Product Activation, in Microsoft software licensing
* Wireless Public Alerting (Alert Ready), emergency alerts over LTE in Canada
* Windows Performance An ...
and a musical union leader in Chicago. In 1916, he married Chicago-born Katherine Lupo Cardinale whose parents had emigrated from Sicily. Her brother was the boxer Charles Kid Lucca, Canadian champion welter-weight champion from 1910 to 1914. They had three more sons,
Sebastian de Grazia Sebastian de Grazia (1917–2000) was an American philosopher who was Professor of Political Philosophy at Rutgers University. He received the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography for his 1989 book '' Machiavelli in Hell''.
Biography ...
, winner of the
Pulitzer Prize
The Pulitzer Prize () is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine, online journalism, literature, and musical composition within the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, who had made h ...
,
Edward de Grazia
Edward Richard de Grazia (February 5, 1927 – April 11, 2013) was an American lawyer, writer, and free speech activist.Douglas Martin(obituary), ''The New York Times'', April 24, 2013.
De Grazia was born in Chicago. He served in the U.S. Army d ...
, a prominent first amendment lawyer and co-founder of
Cardozo School of Law
The Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law is the law school of Yeshiva University. Located in New York City and founded in 1976, the school is named for Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo. Cardozo graduated its first class in 1979. An LL.M. ...
at
Yeshiva University
Yeshiva University is a private Orthodox Jewish university with four campuses in New York City.["About YU]
on the Yeshiva Universit ...
, and
Victor de Grazia who was Deputy-Governor of the State of
Illinois
Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolita ...
from 1973 to 1977.
Education
De Grazia attended the
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, U of C, or UChi) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood. The University of Chicago is consistently ranked among the b ...
, receiving an
A.B.
Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four yea ...
there in 1939, attended
law school
A law school (also known as a law centre or college of law) is an institution specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a lawyer within a given jurisdiction.
Law degrees Argentina
In Argentina, ...
at
Columbia University
Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...
from 1940 to 1941, and in 1948 earned a
Ph.D.
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...
in political science from the University of Chicago.
[ His thesis was published in 1951 as ''Public and Republic: Political Representation in America''. When reviewed by '']The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' it was called "A thoroughgoing examination of the meaning of representation, the fundamental element in any definition of republic." and August Heckscher
August Heckscher (August 26, 1848 – April 26, 1941) was a German-born American capitalist and philanthropist.
Early life
Heckscher was born in Hamburg, Germany. He was the son of Johann Gustav Heckscher (1797–1865) and Marie Antoinette Br ...
in the ''New York Herald Tribune
The ''New York Herald Tribune'' was a newspaper published between 1924 and 1966. It was created in 1924 when Ogden Mills Reid of the ''New-York Tribune'' acquired the ''New York Herald''. It was regarded as a "writer's newspaper" and competed ...
'' said it was "A sober scholarly volume, authoritative in its field." Charles E. Merriam, founder of the behavioristic approach in political science, wrote: "All scholars in the field of political science and particularly those in the area of representation are under lasting obligation to the writer of this volume for a learned and helpful treatment of one of the major problems of our times. The book will enrich the literature on this very important subject."
Military activity
In World War II, de Grazia served in the United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
, rising from private
Private or privates may refer to:
Music
* " In Private", by Dusty Springfield from the 1990 album ''Reputation''
* Private (band), a Denmark-based band
* "Private" (Ryōko Hirosue song), from the 1999 album ''Private'', written and also recorde ...
to captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
. He specialized in mechanized warfare, intelligence and psychological warfare
Psychological warfare (PSYWAR), or the basic aspects of modern psychological operations (PsyOp), have been known by many other names or terms, including Military Information Support Operations (MISO), Psy Ops, political warfare, "Hearts and Mi ...
. He received training in this then new field in Washington D.C. and the newly established Camp Ritchie in Maryland.[''The Proper Gander'']
magazine of the Psychological Operations Regiment at Fort Bragg, NC, Vol. 1, No. 1. (October 2014) He served with the 3rd, 5th and 7th Armies and as a liaison officer with the British 8th Army. He took part in six campaigns, from North Africa to Italy (Battle of Monte Cassino
The Battle of Monte Cassino, also known as the Battle for Rome and the Battle for Cassino, was a series of four assaults made by the Allies against German forces in Italy during the Italian Campaign of World War II. The ultimate objective was ...
) to France and Germany.[de Grazia, Alfred]
''The Taste of War: Soldiering in World War II''
Metron, 1992.
De Grazia co-authored a report on psychological warfare for the Supreme Headquarters of the Allied Expeditionary Force
Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF; ) was the headquarters of the Commander of Allied forces in north west Europe, from late 1943 until the end of World War II. U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower was the commander in SHAEF t ...
. By the end of the war, he was Commanding Officer of the Psychological Warfare Propaganda Team attached to the headquarters of the 7th Army. With his fiancée and later wife, wife Jill deGrazia (née Bertha Oppenheim), he carried on an extensive wartime correspondence of over 2,000 lengthy letters
published on the web under the title "Letters of Love and War"
Scott Turow
Scott Frederick Turow (born April 12, 1949) is an American author and lawyer. Turow has written 13 fiction and three nonfiction books, which have been translated into more than 40 languages and sold more than 30 million copies. Turow’s novel ...
cites the letters as being among the sources for his 2005 novel '' Ordinary Heroes''
De Grazia wrote manuals of psychological warfare for the CIA
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian intelligence agency, foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gat ...
for the Korean War
, date = {{Ubl, 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953 (''de facto'')({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=6, day1=25, year1=1950, month2=7, day2=27, year2=1953), 25 June 1950 – present (''de jure'')({{Age in years, months, weeks a ...
and organized and investigated psychological operations for the United States Department of Defense
The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national secu ...
during the Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
. His reports on psychological operations, now largely declassified, include ''Target Analysis and Media in Propaganda to Audiences Abroad'' (1952), ''Elites Analysis'' (1955), as well as ''Psychological Operations in Vietnam'' (1968). On October 31, 2014, he was posthumously designated a Distinguished Member of the Regiment of Psychological Operations of the Special Operations Command at Fort Bragg
Fort Bragg is a military installation of the United States Army in North Carolina, and is one of the largest military installations in the world by population, with around 54,000 military personnel. The military reservation is located within Cum ...
, North Carolina.
For his service in World War II, de Grazia earned the Bronze Star
The Bronze Star Medal (BSM) is a United States Armed Forces decoration awarded to members of the United States Armed Forces for either heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone.
Wh ...
and the EAME Campaign Medal, as well as the Croix de Guerre
The ''Croix de Guerre'' (, ''Cross of War'') is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was first awa ...
from France. On December 31, 2013, he was awarded the highest French distinction, being made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...
by decree of President François Hollande
François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (; born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France from 2012 to 2017. He previously was First Secretary of the Socialist Party (PS) from 1997 to 2008, Mayor of Tulle from ...
.[http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000028416192 ] He is also a posthumous recipient of the Robert A. McClure
Robert Alexis McClure (March 4, 1897 – January 1, 1957) was an American general and psychological warfare specialist, who is considered as a Father of U.S. Army Special Warfare.
Biography
Born in Mattoon, Illinois, he graduated from the ...
Medal for Exemplary Service in Psychological Operations.
Academic career
De Grazia was an assistant professor
Assistant Professor is an academic rank just below the rank of an associate professor used in universities or colleges, mainly in the United States and Canada.
Overview
This position is generally taken after earning a doctoral degree and general ...
of political science
Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and la ...
at the University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, formally the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, (UMN Twin Cities, the U of M, or Minnesota) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Tw ...
from 1948 to 1950 before joining the political science faculty of Brown University
Brown University is a private research university in Providence, Rhode Island. Brown is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, founded in 1764 as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providenc ...
as an associate professor
Associate professor is an academic title with two principal meanings: in the North American system and that of the ''Commonwealth system''.
Overview
In the ''North American system'', used in the United States and many other countries, it is a ...
.[ In 1952, he was appointed director of the Committee for Research in the Social Sciences at ]Stanford University
Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is consider ...
, supported by a Ford Foundation
The Ford Foundation is an American private foundation with the stated goal of advancing human welfare. Created in 1936 by Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford, it was originally funded by a US$25,000 gift from Edsel Ford. By 1947, after the death ...
grant. He wrote the textbook ''The Elements of Political Science'' in two volumes: ''Political Behavior'' and ''Political Organization'' (1952). One reviewer of it wrote: "Mr. De Grazia has undertaken to dissect the whole body of political science... He achieves his purpose with unfailing clarity, and his readers will learn from him the range, the goals, and the techniques of the study of politics..."
In 1955, he failed to receive academic tenure
Tenure is a category of academic appointment existing in some countries. A tenured post is an indefinite academic appointment that can be terminated only for cause or under extraordinary circumstances, such as financial exigency or program disco ...
at Stanford after conducting a study of "the origins and present restrictions on the political activities of workers" for a foundation. He left the institution in 1957. From 1959 to 1983, he was a tenured professor of government and social theory at New York University
New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin.
In 1832, the ...
.[ Reproduced in ]
In 1957 de Grazia founded ''PROD: Political Research: Organization and Design'', which was described as "probably...the authentic spokesman for the newest currents among the ''avant-garde'' of political behavior". It was later renamed ''The American Behavioral Scientist'', an academic journal devoted to the Chicago school of behaviorist
Behaviorism is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and animals. It assumes that behavior is either a reflex evoked by the pairing of certain antecedent stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual' ...
sociology
Sociology is a social science that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of Interpersonal ties, social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. It uses various methods of Empirical ...
. In 1965, he began the ''Universal Reference System,'' the first computerized reference system in the social science
Social science is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies. The term was formerly used to refer to the field of sociology, the original "science of soc ...
s.
De Grazia was a staunch supporter of the power of Congress against the encroachments of the presidency, which he called the "Executive Force" According to Raymond Tatalovich and Steven Schier
Steven E. Schier (born 1952) is a professor of political science at Carleton College who specializes in American politics. He earned a BA at Simpson College and his MA and PhD degrees from the University of Wisconsin.
Carleton College
Schier ha ...
:
The American Enterprise Institute
The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), is a center-right Washington, D.C.–based think tank that researches government, politics, economics, and social welfare. ...
published several of his books on the subject, including ''Congress and the Presidency: their Role in Modern Times'', a debate with Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
Arthur Meier Schlesinger Jr. (; born Arthur Bancroft Schlesinger; October 15, 1917 – February 28, 2007) was an American historian, social critic, and public intellectual. The son of the influential historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr. and a s ...
, who defended the case for a strong presidency.
Support for Velikovsky
De Grazia became interested in Immanuel Velikovsky
Immanuel Velikovsky (; rus, Иммануи́л Велико́вский, p=ɪmənʊˈil vʲɪlʲɪˈkofskʲɪj; 17 November 1979) was a Jewish, Russian-American psychoanalyst, writer, and catastrophist. He is the author of several books offering ...
's catastrophist theories. Following considerable criticism of Velikovsky's claims by the scientific community
The scientific community is a diverse network of interacting scientists. It includes many " sub-communities" working on particular scientific fields, and within particular institutions; interdisciplinary and cross-institutional activities are als ...
, de Grazia dedicated the entire September 1963 issue of ''American Behavioral Scientist'' to the issue.[ Polanyi, Michaelbr>"Lecture 4: Myths, ancient and modern"]
Lecture at University of Chicago Spring 1969. Polanyi archive He also self-published two books on it, ''The Velikovsky Affair: The Warfare of Science and Scientism'' and ''Cosmic Heretics: A Personal History of Attempts to Establish and Resist Theories of Quantavolution and Catastrophe in the Natural and Human Sciences''.
Michael Polanyi
Michael Polanyi (; hu, Polányi Mihály; 11 March 1891 – 22 February 1976) was a Hungarian-British polymath, who made important theoretical contributions to physical chemistry, economics, and philosophy. He argued that positivism supplies ...
stated:
In a review of the second book, Henry Bauer
Henry Hermann Bauer (born November 16, 1931) is an emeritus professor of chemistry and science studies at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech). He is the author of several books and articles on fringe science, arguing ...
suggests that de Grazia's efforts may be responsible for Velikovsky's continuing notability.
In both books de Grazia subscribes to the thesis that, in the words of Henry Bauer, "the affair revealed something seriously rotten in the state of science". The review however suggests that the rejection came about ...
The review further suggests that "de Grazia does not understand how the content of science is generated" and that his "understanding of science as a social activity is ambiguous."[
In the second book, de Grazia upholds Velikovsky's most general claim, that geologically recent (in the last 15,000 years) extraterrestrially-caused catastrophes occurred, and had a significant impact on the Earth and its inhabitants. De Grazia terms this belief "Quantavolution".][
]
Later career
In the early 1970s, de Grazia founded the "University of the New World" in Haute-Nendaz The resort/commune of Haute-Nendaz is located in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is located in the municipality of Nendaz, along with Basse-Nendaz and Siviez.
Haute-Nendaz is situated on plateau at an altitude between 1300m and 1500m. In winter i ...
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
, as an unstructured alternative to American universities. He invited Beat
Beat, beats or beating may refer to:
Common uses
* Patrol, or beat, a group of personnel assigned to monitor a specific area
** Beat (police), the territory that a police officer patrols
** Gay beat, an area frequented by gay men
* Battery (c ...
author William S. Burroughs
William Seward Burroughs II (; February 5, 1914 – August 2, 1997) was an American writer and visual artist, widely considered a primary figure of the Beat Generation and a major postmodern author who influenced popular cultur ...
to teach at it. In his biography of Burroughs, Ted Morgan described the students that it attracted as "drifters and dropouts on the international hippie circuit"; he suggested that this resulted in a culture clash with the "prim Swiss", and that the university lacked adequate facilities or a sound business model.
In 2002, de Grazia was appointed visiting professor in the Department of Mathematics, Statistics, Computing and Applications of the University of Bergamo
The University of Bergamo ( it, Università degli Studi di Bergamo; acronym: UniBG) is an Italian public university located in Bergamo, Italy. It was founded on 11 December 1968 and is organized in seven departments, three campuses and forty-one ...
in Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
. He had previously been a visiting lecturer at the University of Rome, the University of Bombay
The University of Mumbai is a collegiate, state-owned, public research university in Mumbai.
The University of Mumbai is one of the largest universities in the world. , the university had 711 affiliated colleges. Ratan Tata is the appointed ...
, the University of Istanbul
, image = Istanbul_University_logo.svg
, image_size = 200px
, latin_name = Universitas Istanbulensis
, motto = tr, Tarihten Geleceğe Bilim Köprüsü
, mottoeng = Science Bridge from Past to the Future
, established = 1453 1846 1933
...
, and the University of Gothenburg
The University of Gothenburg ( sv, Göteborgs universitet) is a university in Sweden's second largest city, Gothenburg. Founded in 1891, the university is the third-oldest of the current Swedish universities and with 37,000 students and 6000 st ...
in Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
.[
]
Personal life
Alfred de Grazia was married to Jill Oppenheim (d. 1996) from 1942 to 1971, to Nina Mavridis from 1972 to 1973,[ and from 1982 to his death to Anne-Marie (Ami) Hueber-de Grazia, a French writer.
He had seven children with Jill Oppenheim. One of them, Carl, a musician, died in 2000. One of his daughters, Victoria de Grazia, a Professor of Contemporary History at ]Columbia University
Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...
, is a member of the American Academy.
The entire WWII
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
correspondence between Alfred de Grazia and Jill Oppenheim, comprising about a thousand letters dated from February 1942 to September 1945, survived and was published an
placed online
edited by Ami Hueber de Grazia.
Works
* Michels, Robert, ''First lectures in political sociology''. Translated, with an introduction, by Alfred de Grazia. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 949
Year 949 ( CMXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* Arab-Byzantine War: Hamdanid forces under Sayf al-Dawla raid into the theme of Ly ...
And Harper & Row, 1965.
*''Public and republic: political representation in America''. New York: Knopf, 1951.
*''The elements of political science'' Vol 1: ''Political Behavior'' and Vol. 2: ''Political organization.'' Series: Borzoi Books in Political Science. New York: Knopf, 1952. And second revised edition: ''Politics and government: the elements of political science''. 962
Year 962 ( CMLXII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* December – Arab–Byzantine wars – Sack of Aleppo: A Byzantine e ...
New York: Collier, 1962– ;new revised edition, New York: Free Press London: Collier Macmillan, 1965.
*''The Western Public: 1952 and beyond. study of political behaviour in the western United States.'. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 954.*''The American way of government''. National edition. New York : Wiley, 957 There is also a "National, State and Local edition".
*Foundation for Voluntary Welfare. ''Grass roots private welfare : winning essays of the 1956 national awards competition of the Foundation for Voluntary Welfare''. Alfred de Grazia, editor. New York: New York University Press, 1957.
*''American welfare''. New York: New York University Press, 1961 (with Ted Gurr).
*''World politics: a study in international relations''. Series: College Outline Series. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1962.
*''Apportionment and representative government''. Series: Books that matter. New York : Praeger, c.1963
*''Essay on apportionment and representative government''. Washington : American Enterprise Institute, 1963
*''Revolution in teaching: new theory, technology, and curricula''. With an introduction by Jerome Bruner
Jerome Seymour Bruner (October 1, 1915 – June 5, 2016) was an American psychologist who made significant contributions to human cognitive psychology and cognitive learning theory in educational psychology. Bruner was a senior research fellow ...
. New York: Bantam Books, 964(editor, with David A. Sohn).
*Universal Reference System. ''Political science, government, and public policy: an annotated and intensively indexed compilation of significant books, pamphlets, and articles, selected and processed by the Universal Reference System''. Prepared under the direction of Alfred De Grazia, general editor, Carl E. Martinson, managing editor, and John B. Simeone, consultant. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Research Pub. Co., 1965–69. ''Plus'' nine more volumes on the subjects of: ''International Affairs;'' ''Economic Regulation;'' ''Public Policy and the Management of Science;'' ''Administrative Management;'' ''Comparative Government and Cultures;'' ''Legislative Process;'' ''Bibliography of Bibliographies in Political Science, Government and Public Policy;'' ''Current Events and Problems of Modern Society;'' ''Public Opinion, Mass Behavior and Political Psychology;'' '' Law, Jurisprudence and Judicial Process.''
*''Republic in crisis: Congress against the executive force''. New York: Federal Legal Publications, 965*''Political behavior''. Series: Elements of political science; 1. New, revised edition. New York: Free press paperback, 1966.
*''Congress, The First Branch of Government,'' editor, Doubleday – Anchor Books, 1967
*''Congress and the Presidency: Their Roles in Modern Times,'' with Arthur M. Schlesinger
Arthur Meier Schlesinger Sr. (; February 27, 1888 – October 30, 1965) was an American historian who taught at Harvard University, pioneering social history and urban history. He was a Progressive Era intellectual who stressed material cau ...
, American Enterprise Institute
The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), is a center-right Washington, D.C.–based think tank that researches government, politics, economics, and social welfare. ...
for Public Policy Research, Washington, 1967.
*''Passage of the Year,'' Poetry, Quiddity Press, Metron publications, Princeton, N.J., 1967.
*''The Behavioral Sciences: Essays in honor of George A. Lundberg,'' editor, Behavioral Research Council, Great Barrington, Mass;, 1968.
*''Kalos: What is to be Done with Our World?,'', New York University Press, 1968.
*''Old Government, New People: Readings for the New politics,'' et al., Scott, Foresman, Glenview, Ill., 1971.
*''Politics for Better or Worse,'' Scott, Foresman, Glenview, Ill., 1973.
*''Eight Branches of Government: American Government Today,'' w. Eric Weise, Collegiate Pub., 1975.
*''Eight Bads – Eight Goods: The American Contradictions,'' Doubleday – Anchor Books, 1975.
*''Supporting Art and Culture: 1001 Questions on Policy,'' Lieber-Atherton, New York, 1979.
*''Kalotics: A Revolution of Scientists and Technologists for World Development,'' Kalos Foundation, Bombay, 1979.
*''A Cloud Over Bhopal
Bhopal (; ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division. It is known as the ''City of Lakes'' due to its various natural and artificial lakes. It i ...
: Causes, Consequences, and Constructive Solutions,'' Kalos Foundation for the India-America Committee for the Bhopal
Bhopal (; ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division. It is known as the ''City of Lakes'' due to its various natural and artificial lakes. It i ...
Victims: Popular Prakashan, Bombay, 1985.
*''The Babe, Child of Boom and Bust in Old Chicago, umbilicus mundi,'' Quiddity Press, Metron Publications, Princeton, N.J., 1992.
*''The Student: at Chicago in Hutchin's Hey-day,'' Quiddity Press, Metron Publications, Princeton N.J., 1991.
*''The Taste of War: Soldiering in World War II,'' Quiddity Press, Metron Publications, Princeton, N.J., 1992.
*''Twentieth Century Fire-Sale,'' Poetry, Quiddity Press, Metron Publications, Princeton, N.J., 1996."Fire-Sale"
on the Alfred de Grazia website
*''The American State of Canaan
Canaan (; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 – ; he, כְּנַעַן – , in pausa – ; grc-bib, Χανααν – ;The current scholarly edition of the Greek Old Testament spells the word without any accents, cf. Septuaginta : id est Vetus T ...
– the peaceful, prosperous juncture of Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
and Palestine
__NOTOC__
Palestine may refer to:
* State of Palestine, a state in Western Asia
* Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia
* Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East ...
as the 51st State of the United States of America,'' Metron Publications, Princeton, NJ, 2009 LCCN 2008945276.
See also
* Velikovskyism
References
Notes
Further reading
*Tresman, Ian (ed.) ''Quantavolution - Challenges to Conventional Science,'' Knowledge Computing, UK (2010) (hardcover) Festschrift
In academia, a ''Festschrift'' (; plural, ''Festschriften'' ) is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during their lifetime. It generally takes the form of an edited volume, containing contributions from the h ...
in honor of de Grazia's 90th birthday.
External links
The Grazian Archive: archived works of Alfred de Grazia
{{DEFAULTSORT:De Grazia, Alfred
1919 births
2014 deaths
American political scientists
Catastrophism
People from Chicago
United States Army personnel of World War II
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)
American people of Italian descent
United States Army officers
Ritchie Boys
Military personnel from Illinois