Alexandre Loupy (born 21 July 1977 in

Saint-Denis de la Réunion Saint Denis may refer to: People * Saint Denis of Paris, 3rd-century Christian martyr and saint, patron saint of Paris * Denis the Carthusian (1402–1471) * Brent St. Denis (born 1950), Canadian politician * Frédéric St-Denis (born 1986), Can ...

) is a French nephrologist, a university professor and hospital practitioner at the

Necker Hospital Necker may refer to: * Necker (surname) * ''Necker'' (ship), several ships * Neckerchief, cloth worn round the neck * Necker cube, optical illusion * Necker Island (Hawaii) * Necker Island (British Virgin Islands) * Necker–Enfants Malades Hospi ...

of the

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris Assistance is an act of helping behavior. Assistance may also refer to: Types of help * Aid, in international relations, a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another * Assistance dog, a dog trained to aid or assist a person ...

, in the kidney transplant department. He is known for his discoveries on the topic of graft rejection.^,^, Its approach proposing innovative methodological tools has led to a better understanding but has also led to important changes in the international classification of graft rejection.^, These discoveries allow to improve the performance of clinical trials and to consider new therapeutic innovations in transplantation.

Biography

Alexandre Loupy was born in

, France, on 21 July 1977. He is the son of Jack Loupy, company manager and travel agency director, and Françoise Loupy, pharmacist. He spent his entire schooling on Reunion Island before entering medical school in

Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectur ...

, France. In 2002, he joined the Paris Hospitals and, in 2008, obtained his Diploma of Specialized Studies in Nephrology. In 2011, he obtained his PhD in Basic Sciences, and in 2014 obtained a PhD in Biostatistics. Loupy defended a doctoral thesis in medicine in 2008. He also defended two academic theses: in cell biology on the "Role of Calcium/polycation-sensing receptor >> CaSR in the regulation of blood calcium levels independently of parathyroid hormone" at the

Pierre and Marie Curie University Pierre and Marie Curie University (french: link=no, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, UPMC), also known as Paris 6, was a public university, public research university in Paris, France, from 1971 to 2017. The university was located on the Jussi ...

under the supervision of Pascal Houillier in 2011, and in epidemiology on the "Prognostic role of anti-HLA antibodies in kidney transplantation: population-based approaches" at the

Paris Descartes University Paris Descartes University (french: Université Paris 5 René Descartes, links=no), also known as Paris V, was a French public university located in Paris. It was one of the inheritors of the historic University of Paris, which was split into 13 ...

under the direction of Xavier Jouven in 2014. He is now a university professor and hospital practitioner at the

of the

, in the kidney transplant department.

Scientific work

Alexandre Loupy's work has focused on allograft rejection and the relationship between the presence of

antibodies An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the ...

and the progressive destruction of the graft. With the Paris Transplant Group, the Inserm research team which he established in 2017, he developed a population-based approach to organ transplantation using methodological tools based on classical statistical techniques but also on automated learning,

machine learning Machine learning (ML) is a field of inquiry devoted to understanding and building methods that 'learn', that is, methods that leverage data to improve performance on some set of tasks. It is seen as a part of artificial intelligence. Machine ...

and

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech re ...

. With his research team, Loupy is developing an algorithm, called integrative Box or iBox, which predicts the short, medium and long term fate of the graft. This tool allows to finely characterize graft rejection by analyzing the expression of genes in the kidney, heart or lung graft. More recently, his work has been extended to the optimization of organ allocation and their better use around the world. The results of his research led to recommendations for the use of organ from older donors for transplantation in the United States in 2019.^, He is also piloting large epidemiological studies on the consequences of the

COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...

on organ transplantation in 12 countries. His team has also been mobilized to evaluate the methodological and scientific quality of the studies on COVID-19.

Publications

Loupy is the author of many major publications including: * "System for Predicting the Risk of Allograft Loss in Renal Transplant Patients: International Derivation and Validation Study" published in BMJ magazine in 2019. He is also the lead author of numerous major publications in leading medical journals such as

The New England Journal of Medicine ''The New England Journal of Medicine'' (''NEJM'') is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. It is among the most prestigious peer-reviewed medical journals as well as the oldest continuously published one. His ...

The Lancet ''The Lancet'' is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal and one of the oldest of its kind. It is also the world's highest-impact academic journal. It was founded in England in 1823. The journal publishes original research articles, ...

, the JAMA, the

BMJ ''The BMJ'' is a weekly peer-reviewed medical trade journal, published by the trade union the British Medical Association (BMA). ''The BMJ'' has editorial freedom from the BMA. It is one of the world's oldest general medical journals. Origina ...

Annals of Internal Medicine ''Annals of Internal Medicine'' is an academic medical journal published by the American College of Physicians (ACP). It is one of the most widely cited and influential specialty medical journals in the world. ''Annals'' publishes content relevan ...

PLOS Medicine ''PLOS Medicine'' (formerly styled ''PLoS Medicine'') is a peer-reviewed weekly medical journal covering the full spectrum of the medical sciences. It began operation on October 19, 2004, as the second journal of the Public Library of Science (PLO ...

, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Circulation and

Circulation Research ''Circulation Research'' is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. It is the official journal of the American Heart Association and its Council on Basic Cardiovascular Sciences. The journal covers rese ...

. and more specialized peer-reviewed journals such as Kidney International,

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology The ''Journal of the American Society of Nephrology'' is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering nephrology. It was established in 1966 and is published by the American Society of Nephrology. The editor-in-chief is Josephine P. Briggs. According ...

and

American Journal of Transplantation The ''American Journal of Transplantation'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons and the American Society of Transplantation. It covers research on all a ...

. His work is regularly featured in the French and international media such as L'Obs,

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and NBC.

Awards and honors

In 2018, Alexandre Loupy was rewarded by the French National Academy of Medicine for his work on

kidney transplantation Kidney transplant or renal transplant is the organ transplant of a kidney into a patient with end-stage kidney disease (ESRD). Kidney transplant is typically classified as deceased-donor (formerly known as cadaveric) or living-donor transplantati ...

, anti-HLA graft rejection and the identification of associated biomarkers. He is also a recipient of the American Society of Transplantation, the StrongTogether PRO Award, and the 2020 recipient of the Paul I. Terasaki Clinical Science Award., was established by the

American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics The American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics is a scientific society that was established in 1972. It is responsible for accrediting HLA typing laboratories internationally to maintain the quality standards for histocompatibility ...

in honour of Paul Terasaki. The European Society of Transplantation designation his Paris Transplant Group as the most scientifically productive team in the transplantation field 4 years in a row. He has been Associate Editor of the ''American Journal of Transplantation'' since 2017. Loupy is an expert for the

Food and Drug Administration The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a List of United States federal agencies, federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is respon ...

and has been the Scientific Director of the International Classification of Rejection since 2015.^,

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Loupy, Alexandre French nephrologists 1977 births Living people Paris Descartes University alumni Pierre and Marie Curie University alumni 21st-century French physicians People from Saint-Denis, Réunion