Aleksandra Franciszka Lubomirska (nicknamed Rosalie by her father) (1788 in

Kiev Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

– 11 January 1865 in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

) was a Polish aristocrat, artist and writer from the

Lubomirski family The House of Lubomirski is a Polish princely family. The Lubomirski family's coat of arms is the Drużyna coat of arms, which is similar to the Szreniawa coat of arms but without a cross. Origin and the coat of arms The Lubomirski fam ...

. She was the daughter of Prince Alexander Lubomirski, Castellan of Kiev (Kijów), and

Rozalia Lubomirska Rozalia Lubomirska (16 September 1768 in Chernobyl – 29 June 1794 in Paris) was a Polish noblewoman, most noted for her death. Life Born Countess Rozalia Chodkiewicz, she was the daughter of Count Jan Mikołaj Chodkiewicz and Countess Maria ...

, née

Chodkiewicz The House of Chodkiewicz ( be, Хадкевіч; lt, Chodkevičius) was one of the most influential noble families of Lithuanian- Ruthenian descent within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th and 17th century.Chester S. L. Dunning, ...

Life

image:Rajecka_A_girl_with_a_dove.jpg, 150px, left, Her mother,

, painted c1789–1790 by Anna Rajecka image:ConciergerieWomenCourt.jpg, The women's courtyard in the Conciergerie prisons, where she was held, aged 7, in 1794 In 1794 her mother, Rozalia Lubomirska, Rozalia, was living in Paris and was arrested during the

Reign of Terror The Reign of Terror (french: link=no, la Terreur) was a period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to revolutionary fervour, ...

; her house was frequented by British spies and

Girondin The Girondins ( , ), or Girondists, were members of a loosely knit political faction during the French Revolution. From 1791 to 1793, the Girondins were active in the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention. Together with the Montagnard ...

counter-revolutionaries. The seven year-old Rosalie was incarcerated with her mother, who was guillotined on 30 June 1794 aged 25. The child was left alone, at the mercy of the prison gaoler, who ill-treated her and almost refused her dry bread, the only food she had. Rosalie's father was a General in the French Army but was away just then and unaware of his little girl's fate. He heard of it at last and sent for her, and the person he commissioned to fetch her arrived three days before she was to have been sent to the Foundling Hospital of Paris. She was released after the

Thermidorian Reaction The Thermidorian Reaction (french: Réaction thermidorienne or ''Convention thermidorienne'', "Thermidorian Convention") is the common term, in the historiography of the French Revolution, for the period between the ousting of Maximilien Robespie ...

(9 Thermidor,

Year 11 Year 11 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England and Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is the eleventh or twelfth year of core education. For some Year 11 students it is their final year ...

, 27 July 1794) and the death of

Maximilien Robespierre Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (; 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) was a French lawyer and statesman who became one of the best-known, influential and controversial figures of the French Revolution. As a member of the Esta ...

the following day. left, The Lubomirski Palace (c1770) in Opole Lubelskie, designed by Domenico Merlini ">Domenico_Merlini.html" ;"title="Opole Lubelskie, designed by Domenico Merlini">Opole Lubelskie, designed by Domenico Merlini She returned to her father's house, the Lubomirski Palace in Opole Lubelskie, West Galicia (now in Lublin Voivodship, Poland.West Galicia was annexed by the Habsburg monarchy, after the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. In around 1800 her tutor was the exiled

Jean Vesque de Puttelange Jean Vesque de Puttelange (12 November 1760 – 1 March 1829), born in Brussels, was a government official of the Holy Roman Empire, serving in administrations in the Habsburg Netherlands and Vienna. He belonged to a family originally from Lorr ...

, previously an official in the government of the Habsburg Netherlands (now

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...

); his own country had been invaded in 1794 and annexed by the French Republic in 1795, a few months after her mother had been executed. Vesque's son, the lawyer and composer

Johann Vesque von Püttlingen Johann Vesque von Püttlingen (pseudonym Johann Hoven) (23 July 1803 – 29 October 1883), born J. Vesque de Puttelange, was an Austrian lawyer, diplomat, author, composer and singer. His full name and title in German was Johann Vesque, Freiherr ...

, was born in 1803 in the palace, and Alexandra held him at his christening. Her husband, W. S. Rzewuski According to the memoirs of Countess

Varvara Golovina Countess Varvara Nikolayevna Golovina ''née'' Princess Golitsyna (russian: Варвара Николаевна Головина, княжна Голицына, 1766–11 September 1821) was an artist and memoirist from Russian nobility, maid ...

, the "extraordinary opening to her life seems to have been only a preparation for every virtue, and her mind is the flower of her soul." In 1805 she married the orientalist

Wacław Seweryn Rzewuski Wacław Seweryn Rzewuski (15 December 1784 – 14 May 1831) was a Polish explorer, poet, orientalism, orientalist and horse expert.T. Miciński: "Emir Rzewuski" Early life Wacław Rzewuski family, Rzewuski was born 15 December 1784 in Lvov, Lw� ...

(nicknamed "Emir") in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, and was the mother of Stanislaw Rzewuski, a historian of philosophy, and of Leons Rzewuski.

Notes

References

Citations

Cited sources

Rozalia Aleksandra Franciszka ks. Lubomirska z Lubomierza h. Drużyna
, Genealogy of the Great Sejm Descendants * * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Rzewuska, Alexandra Frances 1788 births 1865 deaths Lubomirski family 19th-century Polish writers