Alexander Bogdanovich Engelhardt (russian: Александр Богданович Энгельгардт) (1795–1859) was a Russian baron,

lieutenant general Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the ...

, and chief of Russian southern

military settlement Military settlements (russian: Военные поселения) represented a special organization of the Russian military forces in 1810–1857, which allowed the combination of military service and agricultural employment. The beginning of ...

s. Engelhardt was born a member of the noble and baronial

Engelhardt family The House of Engelhardt (russian: Энгельгардт) is a Baltic-German noble and baronial family of the former Russian Empire. The family name is sometimes given as von Engelhardt. History The legendary founder of the Engelhardt dynasty, C ...

, and part of the nobility of the

Courland Courland (; lv, Kurzeme; liv, Kurāmō; German and Scandinavian languages: ''Kurland''; la, Curonia/; russian: Курляндия; Estonian: ''Kuramaa''; lt, Kuršas; pl, Kurlandia) is one of the Historical Latvian Lands in western Latvia. ...

province (in

Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...

Military career

On May 27, 1813, he was appointed a cadet in the Life Guards Dragoon Regiment, and immediately took part in the

War of the Sixth Coalition In the War of the Sixth Coalition (March 1813 – May 1814), sometimes known in Germany as the Wars of Liberation, a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, and a number of German States defeated F ...

against Napoleon. He was awarded the Kulmsky Cross, an award essentially identical to the

Iron Cross The Iron Cross (german: link=no, Eisernes Kreuz, , abbreviated EK) was a military decoration in the Kingdom of Prussia, and later in the German Empire (1871–1918) and Nazi Germany (1933–1945). King Frederick William III of Prussia est ...

, which was given by the Prussians to all participants in the 1813

Battle of Kulm :''See Battle of Chlumec for the 1126 battle at Kulm The Battle of Kulm was fought near the town Kulm () and the village Přestanov in northern Bohemia. It was fought on 29–30 August 1813, during the War of the Sixth Coalition. A French Co ...

. He was promoted

ensign An ensign is the national flag flown on a vessel to indicate nationality. The ensign is the largest flag, generally flown at the stern (rear) of the ship while in port. The naval ensign (also known as war ensign), used on warships, may be diffe ...

in 1814. Two years later, at his own request, he was transferred with the rank of lieutenant to the Mitavsky Dragoon Regiment, in which he served until March 17, 1820, when he retired due to illness. He returned to the service on June 7, 1821, with the Starodub

Cuirassier Cuirassiers (; ) were cavalry equipped with a cuirass, sword, and pistols. Cuirassiers first appeared in mid-to-late 16th century Europe as a result of armoured cavalry, such as men-at-arms and demi-lancers, discarding their lances and adoptin ...

Regiment. Promoted in 1828 to the rank of major, he was made commander of the Starodubskii Regiment, a

. He commanded this settlement for about five years, being promoted to lieutenant colonel on June 18, 1830. On March 31, 1833, Engelhardt was transferred to the cavalry, and in May 1834 was appointed commander of the Ordenskim Currasier Regiment (13th Dragoons Military Order of Field Marshal Count Minich Regiment). On December 3, 1842, Englehardt was awarded the

Order of St. George The Order of Saint George (russian: Орден Святого Георгия, Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. Originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) a ...

, fourth degree, in recognition of his 25 years of irreproachable service as an officer. On June 25, 1845, Englehard was promoted to Major General, and on February 6, 1847, was appointed commander of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Currasier Division.

Commander of military settlements

On September 37, 1846, he was appointed commander of the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Cavalry Districts in the

system. From that time until his he death he served in the administration of military settlements. In April 1850 he was appointed commander of eight districts, on March 30, 1855, he was promoted to lieutenant general, and on January 15, 1856, he was made overall commander of all the southern military settlements. Engelhardt died in early 1859. His brother Basil was also a lieutenant general and commander of the Life Guards Dragoon Regiment and later governor of

Kovno Kaunas (; ; also see other names) is the second-largest city in Lithuania after Vilnius and an important centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life. Kaunas was the largest city and the centre of a county in the Duchy of Trakai ...

External links

Other sources

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Engelhardt, Alexander Bogdanovich 1795 births 1859 deaths Alexander Bogdanovic Russian military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars Imperial Russian Army generals