Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Shuvayev (8 December 1886,

Novocherkassk Novocherkassk (russian: Новочерка́сск, lit. ''New Cherkassk'') is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as t ...

- December 1943) was a Soviet military commander, who commanded the 4th Red Army in the Battle of Warsaw (1920), during the Polish-Soviet War and fought in the

Russian Civil War , date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East th ...

Biography

He was the son of

Dmitry Shuvayev Dmitry Savelyevich Shuvayev (; – 19 December 1937) was a Russian military leader, Infantry General (1912) and Minister of War (1916). Life Dmitry Shuvayev graduated from Alexander Military School in 1872. Between 1873 and 1875, he particip ...

, Minister of War of the Russian Empire in 1916. Aleksandr became an officer in the Tsarist Russian Army. He served in several staff functions during World War I, which he ended as a Lieutenant Colonel. After the October Revolution, on 5 December 1918, he was drafted into the Red Army and was appointed Chief of Staff of the Petrograd division. Later he was Chief of Staff of the Northern group of the Western Front. During the Polish-Soviet War, he was the Chief of Staff of the 4th Army in the period 18 June - 31 July 1920. When the Commander Evgeni Sergeyev was injured, Shuvayev became the acting Commander of the 4th Army from 31 July to 17 October 1920. His Army took

Łomża Łomża (), in English known as Lomza, is a city in north-eastern Poland, approximately 150 kilometers (90 miles) to the north-east of Warsaw and west of Białystok. It is situated alongside the Narew river as part of the Podlaskie Voivodeship si ...

and

Ostrołęka , image_flag = POL Ostrołęka flag.svg , image_shield = POL Ostrołęka COA.svg , pushpin_map = Poland Masovian Voivodeship#Poland , pushpin_label_position = bottom , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = ...

, and by August 16, 1920, the Polish Army had been thrown back behind the Wkra river. But in the Battle of Warsaw (1920), his army was struck by a powerful Polish counteroffensive. The 4th Army suffered enormous losses, most of the survivors crossed the border into Eastern Prussia where they were interned. Shuvayev remained in command of the reconstituted 4th Army, which was replenished with fresh divisions, but was again defeated after heavy fighting in Belarus, including the Battle of Kobryń (1920). His army retreated to the

Slutsk Slutsk ( officially transliterated as Sluck, be, Слуцк; russian: Слуцк; pl, Słuck, lt, Sluckas, Yiddish/Hebrew: סלוצק ''Slutsk'') is a city in Belarus, located on the Sluch River south of Minsk. As of 2022, its population i ...

area, where it was disbanded on 18 October 1920 after the truce with Poland. From 1 to 18 November 1920, he was again Chief of Staff of the 4th Army, now under command of

Vladimir Lazarevich Vladimir Salamovich Lazarevich (russian: Влади́мир Салама́нович Лазаре́вич, be, Уладзі́мір Саламо́навіч Лазарэ́віч; Sokółka, Grodno Governorate, 15 September 1882 – Moscow, 20 ...

. Later he became second assistant Chief of Staff of the Armed forces of Ukraine and the Crimea (February 191 - June 1922), Chief of Staff of the Army of the

Far Eastern Republic The Far Eastern Republic ( rus, Дальневосто́чная Респу́блика, ДВР, r=Dalnevostochnaya Respublika, DVR, p=dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstotɕnəjə rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə), sometimes called the Chita Republic, was a nominally indep ...

(4 July - 21 August 1922) and Chief of Staff of the

Turkestan Front The Turkestan Front () was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, which was formed on the territory of Turkestan Military District by Order of the Republic of Turkestan on February 23, 1919. It was formed a second time by the directi ...

(October 1923 - April 1924). On 29 September 1937 he was arrested for so-called "anti-Soviet agitation", tried and sentenced to 8 years of imprisonment. He was held prisoner in a

Gulag The Gulag, an acronym for , , "chief administration of the camps". The original name given to the system of camps controlled by the GPU was the Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps (, )., name=, group= was the government agency in ...

in the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. He was released from the Gulag on 21 October 1943 due to fatal illness, and died two months later. He was rehabilitated on 20 October 1956.

References

Sources

* ''This is a translation of an article in the Polish Wikipedia, Aleksandr Szuwajew.'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Shuvayev, Aleksandr 1886 births 1943 deaths Soviet military personnel of the Russian Civil War People of the Polish–Soviet War Great Purge victims from Russia Soviet rehabilitations Imperial Russian Army personnel Russian military personnel of World War I