Alexander Grigorievich Schlichter (

Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...

: Александр Григорьевич Шлихтер; 1 September, 1868 – 2 December, 1940) was a

Bolshevik The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...

politician,

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

statesman, political scientist and economist. Schlichter's grandfather, originally from western

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

(

Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Würt ...

), settled in what is the present-day

Poltava Oblast Poltava Oblast ( uk, Полта́вська о́бласть, translit=Poltavska oblast; also referred to as Poltavshchyna – uk, Полта́вщина, literally 'Poltava Country') is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative ...

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

in 1818. Schlichter was ethnically one-quarter

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

and three-fourths

. Following studies at

Kharkiv University The Kharkiv University or Karazin University ( uk, Каразінський університет), or officially V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University ( uk, Харківський національний університет імені ...

, Schlichter joined a student the

social democratic Social democracy is a political, social, and economic philosophy within socialism that supports political and economic democracy. As a policy regime, it is described by academics as advocating economic and social interventions to promote soci ...

circle in 1891. He was involved in the technical production of the illegal Bolshevik paper '' Proletary'' while it appeared in the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

(1904–1906). Shlikhter AG

After the Bolshevik seizure of power he succeeded Vladimir Milyutin as

People's Commissar Commissar (or sometimes ''Kommissar'') is an English transliteration of the Russian (''komissar''), which means 'commissary'. In English, the transliteration ''commissar'' often refers specifically to the political commissars of Soviet and Eas ...

for

Agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...

. He also was People's Commissar for Food of the R.S.F.S.R., Commissar Extraordinary for Food in

Siberia Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part of ...

. In 1919 he became People's Commissar for Food of

. In 1920 he was Chairman of the Tambov Gubernia Executive Committee, and was involved in suppression of the Tambov Rebellion. In April 1927 he attended the Fourth Congress of Soviets as commissar of agriculture in the Ukrainian Republic. There he described 10% of the rural population of Ukraine as being "surplus". After 1930 he was mostly involved in scientific activity. He was a full member of the

Communist Academy The Communist Academy (Russian: Коммунистическая академия, transliterated ''Kommunisticheskaya akademiya'') was a higher educational establishment and research institute based in Moscow. It included scientific institutes of ...

from 1930, an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR and from 1928, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Byelorussian SSR from 1933. He became a Doctor of Economics in 1936. From 1931 to 1938 Schlichter was Vice-President of Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, at the same time the director of the All-Ukrainian Institute of Marxism-Leninism and then president of the All-Ukrainian Association of Marxist–Leninist Institutions (VUAMLIN) from 1930 to 1936. He was one of the initiators and active supporters of promoting the theories of Trofim Lysenko.

References

1868 births 1940 deaths People from Lubny People from Poltava Governorate Russian people of German descent Ukrainian people of German descent National University of Kharkiv alumni University of Bern alumni Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members Russian exiles to the Russian North Russian exiles to Siberia Inmates of Kosoi Kaponir Fortress Old Bolsheviks Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Land cultivation ministers of Russia Food provision ministers of Russia Food provision ministers of Ukraine Land cultivation ministers of Ukraine Academicians of the Byelorussian SSR Academy of Sciences Members of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Institute of History of the Party (Ukraine) directors {{Soviet-bio-stub Ukrainian Marxists People's commissars and ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Soviet economists Ukrainian political scientists 20th-century Ukrainian economists