Alexander Alexandrovich Vishnevsky (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Вишне́вский, ,
Kazan – 19 December 1975,
Moscow) was a
Soviet surgeon, member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1953), honoured worker of science of the
RSFSR
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...
(1956),
Colonel General
Colonel general is a three- or four-star military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and was a ra ...
of Medical Corps (1966), and a
Hero of Socialist Labor (1966). Vishnevsky first conducted a
cardiac surgery under the
local anesthesia (1953).
A son of
Alexandr Vasilyevich Vishnevsky, he elaborated the new methods for treating
gunshot wound
A gunshot wound (GSW) is a penetrating injury caused by a projectile (e.g. a bullet) from a gun (typically firearm or air gun). Damages may include bleeding, bone fractures, organ damage, wound infection, loss of the ability to move part of th ...
s treatment on the
Eastern Front of World War II, such as using leeches to remove shrapnel. Later he was awarded several Soviet and foreign awards and prizes.
Works
*Selected works on surgery and adjacent branches, vol. 1–2 (Избранные работы по хирургии и пограничным областям. Т. 1–2. М., 1970)
*''Surgeon's Diary. The Great Patriotic War 1941–1945'', 2nd ed. (''Дневник хирурга. Великая Отечественная война 1941–1945 гг.'' Изд. 2-е. М., 1970)
References
*''Советская военная энциклопедия'', том 2
*
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vishnevsky, Alexander Alexandrovich
Soviet military doctors
Academicians of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
Soviet surgeons
Soviet anesthesiologists
Soviet military personnel of World War II
1906 births
1975 deaths
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Soviet inventors
Soviet colonel generals
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Lenin Prize winners