Aldo Oviglio (1873–1942) was an Italian lawyer and politician. Being a member of the

National Fascist Party The National Fascist Party ( it, Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) was a political party in Italy, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Italian Fascism and as a reorganization of the previous Italian Fasces of Combat. The ...

he was the

minister of justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a v ...

in the period October 1922–January 1925, being the first Fascist to hold this post in Italy.

Early life and education

Oviglio was born in

Rimini Rimini ( , ; rgn, Rémin; la, Ariminum) is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy and capital city of the Province of Rimini. It sprawls along the Adriatic Sea, on the coast between the rivers Marecchia (the ancient ''Ariminu ...

on 7 December 1873. His parent were Francesco and Ida Malvolti. He attended the

University of Padua The University of Padua ( it, Università degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) is an Italian university located in the city of Padua, region of Veneto, northern Italy. The University of Padua was founded in 1222 by a group of students and teachers from B ...

, but did not complete his studies there. He graduated from the

University of Bologna The University of Bologna ( it, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy. Founded in 1088 by an organised guild of students (''studiorum''), it is the oldest university in continuo ...

obtaining a law degree.

Career and activities

Oviglio joined the Radical Party during his studies at the University of Bologna. He was one of the contributors of a conservative newspaper entitled ''L'Adigetto''. In 1909 he became a member of the

masonic lodge A Masonic lodge, often termed a private lodge or constituent lodge, is the basic organisational unit of Freemasonry. It is also commonly used as a term for a building in which such a unit meets. Every new lodge must be warranted or chartered ...

Bologna Bologna (, , ; egl, label= Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different nat ...

. He was one of the founders of ''Giornale deliorno'' of which the first issue appeared in Bologna on 11 December 1910. He was the president of the provincial council in Bologna between 10 August 1910 and 14 December 1913. Oviglio was elected to the city council of Bologna in 1920. He was elected as a deputy from Bologna in 1921 on the list of the National Bloc, serving in the post in the 26th and 27th legislatures. He was appointed minister of justice on 31 October 1922 to the first

cabinet Cabinet or The Cabinet may refer to: Furniture * Cabinetry, a box-shaped piece of furniture with doors and/or drawers * Display cabinet, a piece of furniture with one or more transparent glass sheets or transparent polycarbonate sheets * Filing ...

Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 194 ...

. Through the passing of a law dated 3 May 1923 Oviglio managed to dismiss the chief judge and the general attorney of the

Supreme Court A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...

. Oviglio's other significant posts included the member of the

Grand Council of Fascism The Grand Council of Fascism (, also translated "Fascist Grand Council") was the main body of Mussolini's Fascist government in Italy, that held and applied great power to control the institutions of government. It was created as a body of the ...

from April 1923 to December 1924 and the president of the provincial council of Bologna from March 1923 to October 1928. Oviglio's term as minister of justice ended on 5 January 1925 when he resigned from the office due to the assassination of

Giacomo Matteotti Giacomo Matteotti (; 22 May 1885 – 10 June 1924) was an Italian socialist politician. On 30 May 1924, he openly spoke in the Italian Parliament alleging the Fascists committed fraud in the recently held elections, and denounced the violence ...

. Oviglio was expelled from the National Fascist Party in August 1925, but he later returned to the party in August 1928. He became a senator on 24 January 1929.

Personal life and death

Oviglio was married to Ida Marzolini. Their son, Galeazzo, died in

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. He died in Ronerio near Bologna on 19 August 1942.

Awards

Oviglio was the recipient of the following: * Grande ufficiale OCI Kingdom BAR

Grand Officer of the

Order of the Crown of Italy The Order of the Crown of Italy ( it, Ordine della Corona d'Italia, italic=no or OCI) was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate the unification of Italy in 1861. It was awarded in five degrees for civi ...

(17 December 1922) *Grand Cordon of the Order of the Crown of Italy (30 December 1923) * Grande ufficiale SSML Regno BAR

Grand Officer of the

Order of Saints Maurizio and Lazzaro The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus ( it, Ordine dei Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro) (abbreviated OSSML) is a Roman Catholic dynastic order of knighthood bestowed by the royal House of Savoy. It is the second-oldest order of knighthood in the wo ...

(7 June 1923)

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Oviglio, Aldo 20th-century Italian journalists 1873 births 1942 deaths Members of the Grand Council of Fascism Italian male journalists Italian Ministers of Justice National Fascist Party politicians People from Rimini Politicians from Bologna University of Bologna alumni Italian Freemasons Italian Radical Party politicians Italian newspaper founders Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy Deputies of Legislature XXVI of the Kingdom of Italy Deputies of Legislature XXVII of the Kingdom of Italy Grand Officers of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus 20th-century Italian lawyers