The subfamily Alcelaphinae or

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confli ...

Alcelaphini of the family

Bovidae The Bovidae comprise the biological family of cloven-hoofed, ruminant mammals that includes cattle, bison, buffalo, antelopes, and caprines. A member of this family is called a bovid. With 143 extant species and 300 known extinct species, t ...

contains

wildebeest Wildebeest ( , , ), also called gnu ( or ), are antelopes of the genus ''Connochaetes'' and native to Eastern and Southern Africa. They belong to the family Bovidae, which includes true antelopes, cattle, goats, sheep, and other even-to ...

hartebeest The hartebeest (; ''Alcelaphus buselaphus''), also known as kongoni or kaama, is an African antelope. It is the only member of the genus ''Alcelaphus''. Eight subspecies have been described, including two sometimes considered to be independ ...

bontebok The bontebok (''Damaliscus pygargus'') is an antelope found in South Africa, Lesotho and Namibia. ''D. pygargus'' has two subspecies; the nominate subspecies (''D. p. pygargus''), occurring naturally in the Fynbos and Renosterveld areas of ...

s, and several similar

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

. Depending on the classification, there are 6–10 species placed in four genera, although ''Beatragus'' is sometimes considered a subgenus of ''Damaliscus'', and ''Sigmoceros'' for the

Lichtenstein's hartebeest Lichtenstein's hartebeest (''Alcelaphus buselaphus lichtensteinii'')Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 ppAvailable ...

. Subfamily Alcelaphinae * Genus ''

Beatragus ''Beatragus'' is a genus of alcelaphinae, alcelaphine antelope. The hirola ''(Beatragus hunteri)'' is the only living representative, but a couple of extinct species are known, all from Africa. The hirola and the larger ''Beatragus antiquus'' ...

'' **

Hirola The hirola (''Beatragus hunteri''), also called the Hunter's hartebeest or Hunter's antelope, is a critically endangered antelope species found on the border between Kenya and Somalia. It was first described by the big game hunter and zoologist ...

, ''Beatragus hunteri'' * Genus ''

Damaliscus ''Damaliscus'', commonly known as tsessebes, is a genus of antelope in the family Bovidae, subfamily Alcelaphinae The subfamily Alcelaphinae or tribe Alcelaphini of the family Bovidae contains wildebeest, hartebeest, bonteboks, and sever ...

'' **

Tsessebe The common tsessebe or sassaby (''Damaliscus lunatus lunatus'') is the southern, nominate subspecies of '' Damaliscus lunatus'', although some authorities have recognised it as an independent species. It is most closely related to the Bangweulu ...

, ''D. lunatus'' ***

Korrigum The korrigum (''Damaliscus lunatus korrigum''), also known as Senegal hartebeest, is a subspecies of the topi, a large African antelope. Taxonomy An 1822–1824 British expedition across the Sahara to the ancient kingdom of Bornu, returned with ...

, ''D. lunatus korrigum'' ***

Topi ''Damaliscus lunatus jimela'' is a subspecies of topi, and is usually just called a topi. It is a highly social and fast type of antelope found in the savannas, semi-deserts, and floodplains of sub-Saharan Africa. Names The word ''tope'' o ...

, ''D. lunatus jimela'' ***

Coastal topi The coastal topi (''Damaliscus lunatus topi'') is a highly social antelope of the genus ''Damaliscus''. It is a subspecies of the topi ''Damaliscus lunatus jimela'' is a subspecies of topi, and is usually just called a topi. It is a highly ...

, ''D. lunatus topi'' **

Bontebok The bontebok (''Damaliscus pygargus'') is an antelope found in South Africa, Lesotho and Namibia. ''D. pygargus'' has two subspecies; the nominate subspecies (''D. p. pygargus''), occurring naturally in the Fynbos and Renosterveld areas of ...

, ''D. pygargus'' *** Bontebok (subspecies), ''D. p. pygargus'' *** Blesbok, ''D. p. phillipsi'' * Genus '' Alcelaphus'' **

Hartebeest The hartebeest (; ''Alcelaphus buselaphus''), also known as kongoni or kaama, is an African antelope. It is the only member of the genus ''Alcelaphus''. Eight subspecies have been described, including two sometimes considered to be independ ...

, ''A. buselaphus'' ***

Bubal hartebeest The bubal hartebeest, also known as northern hartebeest or bubal antelope or simply bubal (''Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus'') is the extinct nominal (i.e., first described) subspecies of hartebeest. It was formerly found north of the Saharan De ...

, †''A. b. buselaphus'' ***

Coke's hartebeest Coke's hartebeest (''Alcelaphus buselaphus cokii'') or ''Kongoni'' is a large migratory antelope that is native to Kenya and Tanzania. It can breed with Lelwel hartebeest to produce a hybrid known as the Kenya Highland hartebeest (''Alcelaphus ...

, ''A. b. cokii'' ***

Lelwel hartebeest The Lelwel hartebeest (''Alcelaphus buselaphus lelwel''), also known as Jackson's hartebeest, is an antelope native to Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. The Lel ...

, ''A. b. lelwel'' ***

Western hartebeest The western hartebeest (''Alcelaphus buselaphus major'') is an antelope native to the medium to tall grassland plains of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, ...

, ''A. b. major'' ***

Swayne's hartebeest Swayne's hartebeest (''Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei'') is an endangered antelope native to Ethiopia. Two of the largest remaining populations are located in Senkelle Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary, Nechisar National Park and Maze National Park. It ...

, ''A. b. swaynei'' ***

Tora hartebeest The tora hartebeest, or simply tora (''Alcelaphus buselaphus tora''), is an extremely endangered antelope, native to Eritrea and Ethiopia. It has possibly been extirpated Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or ot ...

, ''A. b. tora'' ***

Red hartebeest The red hartebeest (''Alcelaphus buselaphus caama''), also called the Cape hartebeest or Caama, is a subspecies of the hartebeest found in Southern Africa. More than 130,000 individuals live in the wild. The red hartebeest is closely related to t ...

, ''A. b. caama'' ***

, ''A. b. lichtensteinii'' * Genus '' Connochaetes'' **

Black wildebeest The black wildebeest or white-tailed gnu (''Connochaetes gnou'') is one of the two closely related wildebeest species. It is a member of the genus '' Connochaetes'' and family Bovidae. It was first described in 1780 by Eberhard August Wilhelm ...

, ''C. gnou'' **

Blue wildebeest The blue wildebeest (''Connochaetes taurinus''), also called the common wildebeest, white-bearded gnu or brindled gnu, is a large antelope and one of the two species of wildebeest. It is placed in the genus '' Connochaetes'' and family Bovidae, a ...

, ''C. taurinus'' *** Blue wildebeest ''C. t. taurinus'' *** Eastern white-bearded wildebeest ''C. t. albojubatus'' *** Cookson's wildebeest ''C. t. cooksoni'' *** Nyassaland wildebeest ''C. t. johnstoni'' *** Western white-bearded wildebeest ''C. t. mearnsi''

Extinct alcelaphines

* Subfamily Alcelaphini ** ''Beatragus'' *** †''Beatragus antiquus'' ** ''Connochaetes'' *** †''Connochaetes africanus'' *** †''Connochaetes gentryi'' *** ''Connochaetes gnou'' **** †''Connochaetes gnou laticornutus'' **** †''Connochaetes gnou antiquus'' *** ''Connochaetes taurinus'' **** †''Connochaetes taurinus olduvaiensis'' ** ''Damaliscus'' *** †''Damaliscus hypsodon'' *** †''Damaliscus niro'' ** †''Damalacra *** †''Damalacra acalla'' ** †''

Damalops ''Damalops'' is an extinct genus of Alcelaphinae. It lived during the Pliocene and Pleistocene in southern Asia, where the species ''Damalops palaeindicus'' is known from the Siwaliks in the northern part of the India India, officially th ...

'' *** †''Damalops palaeindicus'' ** †''

Megalotragus ''Megalotragus'' was a genus of very large extinct African alcelaphines that occurred from the Pliocene to early Holocene.Thackeray, John Francis. (2015). Faunal Remains from Holocene Deposits, Excavation 1, Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa. Africa ...

'' *** †''Megalotragus kattwinkeli'' *** †''Megalotragus priscus'' ** †''

Numidocapra ''Numidocapra'' is an extinct genus of bovid from the Pleistocene of Africa. Taxonomy Originally placed in the subfamily caprinae, ''Numidocapra'' is now generally classified as a member of the subfamily Alcelaphinae. Three species are considere ...

'' *** †''Numidocapra arambourgi'' *** †''Numidocapra crassicornis'' *** †''Numidocapra porrocornutus'' ** †''Oreonagor'' *** †''Oreonagor tournoueri'' ** †''Parestigorgon'' ** †''

Parmularius ''Parmularius'' is a genus of large extinct African alcelaphines from the Pliocene and Pleistocene. It is a close relative of topi and hartebeest The hartebeest (; ''Alcelaphus buselaphus''), also known as kongoni or kaama, is an African ...

'' *** †''Parmularius pachyceras'' *** †''Parmularius ambiquus'' *** †''Parmularius pandatus'' *** †''Parmularius atlanticus'' *** †''Parmularius rugosus'' *** †''Parmularius altidens'' *** †''Parmularius angusticornis'' ** †''Rabaticeras'' *** †''Rabaticeras lemutai'' ** †''Rhynotragus'' ** †''

Rusingoryx ''Rusingoryx'' is a genus of extinct alcelaphine bovid artiodactyl closely related to the wildebeest. It contains only one species, ''R. atopocranion'', that lived on the plains of Kenya during the Pleistocene. It was originally named as a speci ...

References

Bovidae Mammal tribes Extant Miocene first appearances Taxa named by Victor Brooke {{eventoedungulate-stub