Albano Laziale (;
it, label=
Romanesco, Arbano; la, Albanum) is a ''
comune
The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...
'' in the
Metropolitan City of Rome, on the
Alban Hills, in
Latium
Latium ( , ; ) is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.
Definition
Latium was originally a small triangle of fertile, volcanic soil (Old Latium) on whi ...
, central
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
.
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
is distant. It is bounded by other communes of
Castel Gandolfo,
Rocca di Papa
Rocca di Papa (Roman Castles Romanesco dialect, Romanesco: ) is a small town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, Italy. It is one of the Castelli Romani about southeast of Rome on the Alban ...
,
Ariccia
Ariccia (Latin: ''Aricia'') is a town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome, central Italy, southeast of Rome. It is in the Alban Hills of the Lazio (Latium) region and could be considered an extension of Rome's southeastern suburbs. One ...
and
Ardea. Located in the
Castelli Romani
The so-called Roman Castles (''Castelli Romani'' in Italian) are a group of '' comunes'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome. They are located a short distance south-east of the city of Rome, at the feet of the Alban Hills, in the territory corres ...
area of
Lazio
it, Laziale
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 =
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographics1_title1 =
, demographics1_info1 =
, demographics1_title2 ...
. It is sometimes known simply as Albano.
Albano is one of the most important municipalities of the Castelli Romani, and a busy commercial centre. It has been also a
suburbicarian bishopric since the 5th century, a historic
principality of the
Savelli family
The House of Savelli (de Sabellis in documents) were a rich and influential Roman aristocratic family who rose to prominence in the 13th century, the youngest is still alive today (1626–2022).
History
The family, who held the lordship of Pal ...
, and from 1699 to 1798 the inalienable possession of the
Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome ...
. It now houses, among other things, the
Praetor
Praetor ( , ), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected '' magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge vari ...
of the district court of
Velletri
Velletri (; la, Velitrae; xvo, Velester) is an Italian ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome, approximately 40 km to the southeast of the city centre, located in the Alban Hills, in the region of Lazio, central Italy. Neighbouring comm ...
. The territory of Albano is partially included in the
Parco Regionale dei Castelli Romani
The so-called Roman Castles (''Castelli Romani'' in Italian) are a group of ''comunes'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome. They are located a short distance south-east of the city of Rome, at the feet of the Alban Hills, in the territory correspon ...
.
Geography
Territory
![Cecchina panorama campagna e mare](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Cecchina_panorama_campagna_e_mare.JPG)
The territory of Albano Laziale is and one of the largest of Colli Albani; sixth after
Velletri
Velletri (; la, Velitrae; xvo, Velester) is an Italian ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome, approximately 40 km to the southeast of the city centre, located in the Alban Hills, in the region of Lazio, central Italy. Neighbouring comm ...
at ,
Lanuvio
Lanuvio is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about southeast of Rome, on the Alban Hills.
Lanuvio borders the following municipalities: Aprilia, Ariccia, Genzano di Roma, Velletri.
...
at ,
Rocca di Papa
Rocca di Papa (Roman Castles Romanesco dialect, Romanesco: ) is a small town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, Italy. It is one of the Castelli Romani about southeast of Rome on the Alban ...
at ,
Rocca Priora
Rocca Priora is a small town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, Italy. It is one of the Castelli Romani on the Alban Hills about southeast of Rome, situated in the Regional Park known as the "Parco Regionale dei Castelli Rom ...
at and
Marino at . According to the classification given by the Geological Survey of Italy most of the territory is similar to other areas of the
Colli Albani, from lands classified as v 2.
Hydrography
The main hydrographic feature is
Lake Albano
Lake Albano (Italian: ''Lago Albano'' or ''Lago di Castel Gandolfo'') is a small volcanic crater lake in the Alban Hills of Lazio, at the foot of Monte Cavo, southeast of Rome. Castel Gandolfo, overlooking the lake, is the site of the Papal Pal ...
, whose full name is actually Lake Albano and Castel Gandolfo. In fact, most coastal lakes are relevant to the town of
Castel Gandolfo, while the remainder are in the Albanense territory. The lake basin is run by the Metropolitan City of Rome.
Some small streams, often dry,
[Istituto Geografico Militare, Foglio n° 151 della Carta d'Italia – Albano Laziale (ricognizioni generali 1931, ricognizioni parziali 1946).] start from the north:
*''Fosso of Santa Palomba'', originates from springs from the hills of the Colli Albani area of the old town, and flows westwards to the town of Santa Palomba, in the municipality of Rome and
Pomezia
Pomezia () is a municipality (''comune'') in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Lazio, central Italy. In 2009 it had a population of about 60,000.
History
The town was built entirely new near the location of ancient Lavinium on land resulting ...
.
* ''Fosso of Chancellor'', originates from springs from the Chancellor resort, in
Ariccia
Ariccia (Latin: ''Aricia'') is a town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome, central Italy, southeast of Rome. It is in the Alban Hills of the Lazio (Latium) region and could be considered an extension of Rome's southeastern suburbs. One ...
common, about above sea level, and continues to flow in a south-south-west to the
Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (; it, Mar Tirreno , french: Mer Tyrrhénienne , sc, Mare Tirrenu, co, Mari Tirrenu, scn, Mari Tirrenu, nap, Mare Tirreno) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. It is named for the Tyrrhenian pe ...
.
*''Fosso di Valle Caia'', originates from the Quarto Negroni, bordering with the municipality of Ariccia at of National Road 207 Nettunense and continues its path towards the Tyrrhenian Sea in the west.
* ''Fosso di Montagnano''; originates from drain water that is collected in the local mountains, between the towns of Albano, Ariccia and
Ardea, and continues to the arm for the west the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Topography
![Cecchina di Albano Laziale - particolare di campagna collinare](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Cecchina_di_Albano_Laziale_-_particolare_di_campagna_collinare.JPG)
The highest peak of the town of Albano is the Colle dei Cappuccini, located at 615 m
above sea level. From the hill, which houses a pine forest adjacent to the
Capuchin Monastery, there is a remarkable overview of Lake Albano,
Agro Romano The Ager Romanus (literally, "the field of Rome"') is the geographical rural area (part plains, part hilly) that surrounds the city of Rome. Politically and historically, it has represented the area of influence of Rome's municipal government. It ...
and
Monte Cavo
Monte Cavo, or less occasionally, "Monte Albano," is the second highest mountain of the complex of the Alban Hills, near Rome, Italy. An old volcano extinguished around 10,000 years ago, it lies about from the sea, in the territory of the ''co ...
.
The historic center of Albano has a maximum gradient of 11%, or 47 metres, 435, taking into consideration the distance between the Cathedral of San Pancrazio (384 m asl) and the St. Paul's Church (431 m asl). Other altitudes through the center of town are Villa Altieri, at kilometre 25 of the State Road 7 Via Appia (363 m asl) and the Church of Stella (391 m asl).
The hill town of
Castel Savelli is 280 m above sea level, while the underlying fraction of
Pavona
Pavona is a hamlet in Lazio, central Italy. It is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' (municipality) of Albano Laziale. However, its traditional territory is also included in those of Castel Gandolfo and Rome.
Overview
The Albano fraction includ ...
is built at 110 m
above sea level. The village of Cecchina at the railway station is located at 212 m above sea level.
Climate
In terms of climate, the area falls within the domain of the temperate
Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate (also called a dry summer temperate climate ''Cs'') is a temperate climate sub-type, generally characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, fairly wet winters; these weather conditions are typically experienced in the ...
with mild winters, with temperatures higher than those autumnal spring, summer breezes. In the area of
Colli Albani, so even at Albano, presents the phenomenon called TSUE, which is the reduction of water vapour in the clouds as the ground rises. So there will be more rainfall on the foothills of the hills, facing the sea, south southwest, and to the north. Albano, lying on the trajectory of the current wet Tyrrhenian, is fairly rainy with 900–1000 mm annual precipitation. The winds blow mainly from the south and west, more rarely from the north and east.
[S. Ciccacci, L. D'Alessandro, L. Davoli, G.B. La Monica, E. Lupia Palmieri, Caratteristiche Climatiche, Geomorfologiche, Sedimentologiche e Idrogeologiche in Vincenzo Carunchio (ed.), Valutazione della Situazione Ambientale del Lago di Nemi, Roma: Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" e Provincia di Roma, 1987, pp. 17-45.] Summer is hot and dry, with a mild and rainy winter with snow quite rarely and only in the presence of a marked generalised cold. In summer, temperatures can reach with peaks of in rare cases. The temperature never reached .
Etymology
![Albano Laziale - villa Gneo Pompeo Magno](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Albano_Laziale_-_villa_Gneo_Pompeo_Magno.JPG)
The name Albano is still a source of debate. In Roman times, the territory of
Latium
Latium ( , ; ) is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.
Definition
Latium was originally a small triangle of fertile, volcanic soil (Old Latium) on whi ...
was called Albanum: Albanum (Pompeians Domitiani, etc.).The estate of the wealthy Romans on the Colli Albani (Ager Albanus) and Castra Albana was the name of the camp built by
Septimius Severus
Lucius Septimius Severus (; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna (present-day Al-Khums, Libya) in the Roman province of Africa (Roman province), Africa. As a young man he advanced thro ...
, within the confines of the fund Albanum previously owned by
Domitian
Domitian (; la, Domitianus; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96) was a Roman emperor who reigned from 81 to 96. The son of Vespasian and the younger brother of Titus, his two predecessors on the throne, he was the last member of the Fl ...
, to accommodate the
Legio II Parthica
Legio II Parthica ("Parthian-conquering Second Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 197 by the emperor Septimius Severus (r. 193–211), for his campaign against the Parthian Empire, hence the '' cognomen'' ''Parthica'' ...
. This place-name hypothesis is considered the most reliable as the root of these ties in
Indo-European
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent. Some European languages of this family, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutc ...
* alb / * alp indicating a high location, the Mons Albanus (now Monte Cavo) in this case, while it was the centre of worship and common pasture (compascuo). Other assumptions, however, considered valid are the Latin place-name adjective albus ("white") or Greek αλαβα ("ash"). Etymologically proposed Albanum / Castra Albana is the same as being proposed for Alba Longa, whose location is not known with certainty, but placed in a medieval tradition of urban core areas of modern Albano Laziale . The second part of the Latium name of was used in 1873 to distinguish the city from
Albano Sant'Alessandro (
Bergamo
Bergamo (; lmo, Bèrghem ; from the proto- Germanic elements *''berg +*heim'', the "mountain home") is a city in the alpine Lombardy region of northern Italy, approximately northeast of Milan, and about from Switzerland, the alpine lakes Como ...
),
Albano Vercellese
Albano Vercellese is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about northeast of Turin and about north of Vercelli.
Despite the Roman toponym, Albano is documented only from the 10th century ...
(
Vercelli
Vercelli (; pms, Vërsèj ), is a city and ''comune'' of 46,552 inhabitants (January 1, 2017) in the Province of Vercelli, Piedmont, northern Italy. One of the oldest urban sites in northern Italy, it was founded, according to most historians, ...
province) and
Albano di Lucania
Albano di Lucania ( Lucano: ) is a town and comune
The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' r ...
(
Potenza province).
History
Ancient age
The first recorded evidence of human settlement in the town of Albano Laziale dates from the beginning of the first millennium BC with the remains of settlements of Tor Paluzzi,
Castel Savelli and Colle dei Cappuccini. The human presence in these locations, is maintained even in later times, while from Laziale IIB period (830 BCE – 730 BCE) start to appear due to traces of the mythical foundation Latin capital of
Alba Longa.
Most modern historians seems inclined to place the site of Alba Longa in between the towns of Marino, Rocca di Papa and Ariccia on the eastern side of Lake Albano, which is opposite to the present city of Albano.
![Albano Laziale - Le antiche terme romane di Cellomaio](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Albano_Laziale_-_Le_antiche_terme_romane_di_Cellomaio.jpg)
Albano is located in the area in which, according to the legend,
Aeneas
In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas (, ; from ) was a Trojan hero, the son of the Trojan prince Anchises and the Greek goddess Aphrodite (equivalent to the Roman Venus). His father was a first cousin of King Priam of Troy (both being grandsons ...
's son,
Ascanius, founded
Alba Longa. Today the coat of arms of Albano still sports the white (Latin: Alba) boar dreamed of by Ascanius before the founding of the city. Alba Longa was one of the main cities of the
Latins
The Latins were originally an Italic tribe in ancient central Italy from Latium. As Roman power and colonization spread Latin culture during the Roman Republic.
Latins culturally "Romanized" or "Latinized" the rest of Italy, and the word Latin ...
and, again according to the legend, the birthplace of
Romulus and Remus, the mythical founders of
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
.
Albanense in the territory, were then subjected to a large extent the wealthy of
Aricia, which built several suburban villas built by the leading exponents of the Roman nobility.
Pompey
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a leading Roman general and statesman. He played a significant role in the transformation of ...
had a villa, the Albanum Pompeii, whose ruins have been found inside of the
Villa Doria
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became sm ...
Pamphili. A villa belonging to the
Seneca
Seneca may refer to:
People and language
* Seneca (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname
* Seneca people, one of the six Iroquois tribes of North America
** Seneca language, the language of the Seneca people
Places Extrat ...
would be identified within the ruins found on the south ridge of Lake Albano, bordering the town of Ariccia. All of these residences, at the time of Emperor Domitian were combined into a single fund owned by the Emperor's Albanum Cesaris, within which erected a monumental imperial residence, with the ruins mostly contained in the Villa Barberini at Castel Gandolfo.
[Girolamo Torquati, Studi storico-archeologici sulla città e sul territorio di Marino, vol. I, capp. II–X.] The Emperor
Septimius Severus
Lucius Septimius Severus (; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna (present-day Al-Khums, Libya) in the Roman province of Africa (Roman province), Africa. As a young man he advanced thro ...
around 202 had installed in place of the old town of the
Legio II Parthica
Legio II Parthica ("Parthian-conquering Second Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 197 by the emperor Septimius Severus (r. 193–211), for his campaign against the Parthian Empire, hence the '' cognomen'' ''Parthica'' ...
. Thus were born the
Castra Albana
The Castra Albana was a permanent legionary fortress of the ''Legio II Parthica'', founded by the Emperor Septimius Severus (193-211) on the modern site of Albano Laziale. Today, the ruins of the structures inside the castra, such as the so-cal ...
, which were huge camps that remained in operation until the end of 3rd century. Albano developed from this settlement, as is shown by the main streets, which still follow the ancient
decumanus and
cardo
A cardo (plural ''cardines'') was a north–south street in Ancient Roman cities and military camps as an integral component of city planning. The cardo maximus, or most often the ''cardo'', was the main or central north–south-oriented street.
...
. Remains of the large baths built by Septimius' son,
Caracalla
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname "Caracalla" () was Roman emperor from 198 to 217. He was a member of the Severan dynasty, the elder son of Emperor S ...
, are still visible.
Middle Ages and early Modern era (476–1699)
![Cattedrale San Pancrazio Albano 01](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Cattedrale_San_Pancrazio_Albano_01.JPG)
In 326, Emperor
Constantine I
Constantine I ( , ; la, Flavius Valerius Constantinus, ; ; 27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337, the first one to Constantine the Great and Christianity, convert to Christiani ...
, according to an established tradition, ordered the founding of the Albanense
cathedral
A cathedral is a church that contains the '' cathedra'' () of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral" are usually specific to those Christian denominatio ...
dedicated to
St. John the Baptist. According to sources, Constantine donated to the newly formed cathedral, various sacred vessels and several estates and funds in Ager Albanus. During the
Gothic War, Albano was reduced from municipium to oppidulum, a small fortified city.
In 964, Emperor
Otto I
Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (german: Otto der Große, it, Ottone il Grande), was East Frankish king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the oldest son of He ...
conferred the investiture at Albano to Virginio Savelli, his captain in Rome. Pope
Paschal II
Pope Paschal II ( la, Paschalis II; 1050 1055 – 21 January 1118), born Ranierius, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 August 1099 to his death in 1118. A monk of the Abbey of Cluny, he was cre ...
in 1118 took refuge in Albano as a hostile insurgency occupied Rome, and found that Albanensi loyalty be granted perpetual exemption from taxes of milling wheat.
During the
schism of
anti-pope
An antipope ( la, antipapa) is a person who makes a significant and substantial attempt to occupy the position of Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church in opposition to the legitimately elected pope. At times between the 3rd and mi ...
Anacletus with Pope
Innocent II
Pope Innocent II ( la, Innocentius II; died 24 September 1143), born Gregorio Papareschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 February 1130 to his death in 1143. His election as pope was controversial and the fi ...
in 1137 the anti-pope marched on Lazio Albano and other locations to extend its domain, but these territories were taken over by Innocent II. In the Year 1142, Albano was sacked by the
Saracens.
After the
Battle of Monte Porzio
The Battle of Monte Porzio (also called the Battle of Tusculum) was fought on 29 May 1167 between the Holy Roman Empire and the Commune of Rome. The communal Roman army, which one historian has called the "greatest army which Rome had sent int ...
, in 1168, the Roman people thought it well to take revenge on Albano, who had sided with the city 's Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa against Rome, and so the town was looted and razed. Given the state of abandonment,
Pope Innocent III
Pope Innocent III ( la, Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 to his death in 16 ...
gave the monastery of St. Paul Outside the Walls the Palatium with the churches of Santa Maria Minor and St. Nicholas and their dependencies. In 1436 it was razed along with Castel Savelli by Cardinal
Giovanni Maria Vitelleschi
Giovanni Maria Vitelleschi (1396 – 2 April 1440) was an Italian cardinal and condottiere.
Biography
Vitelleschi was born in Corneto (modern Tarquinia, then part of the Papal States), some kilometers north to Rome. He received a military edu ...
, by order of Pope
Eugenius IV
Pope Eugene IV ( la, Eugenius IV; it, Eugenio IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 3 March 1431 to his death in February 1447. Condulmer was a Venetian, and ...
. In 1697 Albano switched to direct control of the Holy See.
Feudal era (1699–1798)
Pope
Pius VI
Pope Pius VI ( it, Pio VI; born Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi, 25 December 171729 August 1799) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1775 to his death in August 1799.
Pius VI condemned the French Revoluti ...
in 1780 began the rearrangement of the
Via Appia
The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: ''Via Appia'') is one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. Its importance is indicated by its common name, ...
, to achieve a fast link between Rome and
Terracina
Terracina is an Italian city and ''comune'' of the province of Latina, located on the coast southeast of Rome on the Via Appia ( by rail). The site has been continuously occupied since antiquity.
History Ancient times
Terracina appears in anci ...
, where there was intense work on the reclamation of the
Pontine Marshes
250px, Lake Fogliano, a coastal lagoon in the Pontine Plain
The Pontine Marshes (, also ; it, Agro Pontino , formerly also ''Paludi Pontine''; la, Pomptinus Ager by Titus Livius, ''Pomptina Palus'' (singular) and ''Pomptinae Paludes'' (plu ...
. The first route of the new "National Road" arrived to follow the
Via Appia Antica
The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: ''Via Appia'') is one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. Its importance is indicated by its common name, re ...
, only to stray from the path along the ridge of ancient
Vallericcia to arrive at
Genzano, avoiding the sharp uphill to reach Ariccia. Only with the construction of the Ariccia bridge under the pontificates of Pope
Gregory XVI
Pope Gregory XVI ( la, Gregorius XVI; it, Gregorio XVI; born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari; 18 September 1765 – 1 June 1846) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 2 February 1831 to his death in 1 June 1846. He h ...
and
Pius IX
Pope Pius IX ( it, Pio IX, ''Pio Nono''; born Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti; 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878) was head of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878, the longest verified papal reign. He was notable for convoking the First Vatican ...
(1839–1849) will outline the current route of State Road 7 Via Appia. The opening of the new route of the Via Appia undoubted benefited Albano and locations along its course.
During the first
French occupation and the events tied to the
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considere ...
in the
Papal States
The Papal States ( ; it, Stato Pontificio, ), officially the State of the Church ( it, Stato della Chiesa, ; la, Status Ecclesiasticus;), were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope fro ...
, on February 18, 1798, Albano, along with
Frascati
Frascati () is a city and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital in the Lazio region of central Italy. It is located south-east of Rome, on the Alban Hills close to the ancient city of Tusculum. Frascati is closely associated wit ...
, Velletri and later Marino, proclaimed itself a "sister republic" to the nascent Roman Republic. Following the uprising the Albanensi rebelled against the French, Albano was occupied and looted by the troops of
Murat Murat may refer to:
Places Australia
* Murat Bay, a bay in South Australia
* Murat Marine Park, a marine protected area
France
* Murat, Allier, a commune in the department of Allier
* Murat, Cantal, a commune in the department of Cantal
Elsewhe ...
. The following year, however, at Albano, installs
Fra Diavolo
Fra Diavolo (lit. Brother Devil; 7 April 1771–11 November 1806), is the popular name given to Michele Pezza, a famous guerrilla leader who resisted the French occupation of Naples, proving an "inspirational practitioner of popular insurrect ...
, commanding
Neapolitan
Neapolitan means of or pertaining to Naples, a city in Italy; or to:
Geography and history
* Province of Naples, a province in the Campania region of southern Italy that includes the city
* Duchy of Naples, in existence during the Early and Hig ...
column.
Contemporary era (1798–1944)
![Piazza Pia Albano](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Piazza_Pia_Albano.jpg)
With the
motu proprio
In law, ''motu proprio'' (Latin for "on his own impulse") describes an official act taken without a formal request from another party. Some jurisdictions use the term ''sua sponte'' for the same concept.
In Catholic canon law, it refers to a ...
of July 6, 1816, by Pope
Pius VI
Pope Pius VI ( it, Pio VI; born Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi, 25 December 171729 August 1799) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1775 to his death in August 1799.
Pius VI condemned the French Revoluti ...
elevated Albano back in the Papal States with the Restoration of the Government seat.
In 1870 Albano became part of the
Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to ...
. It became the seat of the district court, by merging the offices of Marino.
On February 1, 1944, during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, Allied bombing of Albano and Ariccia severely affected the city's historic center, among targets hit were the cloistered convent of
Poor Clares
The Poor Clares, officially the Order of Saint Clare ( la, Ordo sanctae Clarae) – originally referred to as the Order of Poor Ladies, and later the Clarisses, the Minoresses, the Franciscan Clarist Order, and the Second Order of Saint Francis ...
of Piazza Pia and structures of the Porta Pretoria Castra Albana.
On the morning of Sunday September 21, 2008 Pope Benedict XVI travelled to Albano on a pastoral visit, starting from the Pontifical Villas of Castel Gandolfo, with the opportunity to re-consecrate the Basilica Cathedral of
St. Pancras after the restorations of 2008.
Main sights
Religious buildings
![Albano Laziale Chiesa di San Paolo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Albano_Laziale_Chiesa_di_San_Paolo.JPG)
*Cathedral Basilica of St. Pancras. The large
Albano Cathedral, dedicated to
Saint Pancras, built in 1721
*Church of St. Peter the Apostle.
*St Paul's Church, constructed in 1282; here are kept the bones of Saint
Gaspar del Bufalo
Gaspar Melchior Balthazar del Bufalo (January 6, 1786 – December 28, 1837), also known as Gaspare del Bufalo, was a Priesthood in the Catholic Church, Catholic priest and the founder of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood. Canonization, Cano ...
.
*Church of St Mary of the Star and
catacombs. Inside is the tomb of
Maria Theresa of Austria
Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (german: Maria Theresia; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was ruler of the Habsburg monarchy, Habsburg dominions from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position ''suo jure'' ( ...
, Queen of the Two Sicilies. Beneath the church are the catacombs of Saint Senatore, a citizen of Albano, of the 3rd century, with frescoes from the 5th/9th centuries
*Church and convent of ''Santa Maria della Stella''
*Church and convent of St. Bonaventure.
*''Santuario di Santa Maria della Rotonda'', inspired by the
Pantheon
Pantheon may refer to:
* Pantheon (religion), a set of gods belonging to a particular religion or tradition, and a temple or sacred building
Arts and entertainment Comics
*Pantheon (Marvel Comics), a fictional organization
* ''Pantheon'' (Lone S ...
and built over the ruins of
Domitian
Domitian (; la, Domitianus; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96) was a Roman emperor who reigned from 81 to 96. The son of Vespasian and the younger brother of Titus, his two predecessors on the throne, he was the last member of the Fl ...
's villa. The
belltower
A bell tower is a tower that contains one or more bells, or that is designed to hold bells even if it has none. Such a tower commonly serves as part of a Christian church, and will contain church bells, but there are also many secular bell tower ...
s are also very similar to those of Rome's medieval churches.
*Church of
Saint Phillip Neri
Civil architecture
*The ''Porta Praetoria'' (
Pretorian Gate), the most important and impressive evidence of the encampment of the Parthian Legion (
Legio II Parthica
Legio II Parthica ("Parthian-conquering Second Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 197 by the emperor Septimius Severus (r. 193–211), for his campaign against the Parthian Empire, hence the '' cognomen'' ''Parthica'' ...
), known as the Castra Albana.
* Savelli Palace, built in the 13th century by the Savelli family, the building began as a fortification. Original function of this is witnessed by the square towers visible on the Giacomo Matteotti. The palace, after the acquisition of Albano by the Apostolic Chamber in 1697, became the home of the papal government, and hosted various personalities. On the main front porch a footbridge connected the Chamber's Palace, now home to some municipal offices, on Via Cavour. Now housing the Town Hall.
* Lercaro Palace or the Bishop's Palace, built in 1727 by Cardinal Nicolò Maria Lercaro to accommodate
Pope Benedict XIII
Pope Benedict XIII ( la, Benedictus XIII; it, Benedetto XIII; 2 February 1649 – 21 February 1730), born Pietro Francesco Orsini and later called Vincenzo Maria Orsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 May ...
, was granted following Episcopis Albanensibus ac Ecclesiae "to the church and the bishops of Albano." Noteworthy is the portal of entry into the hall and the chapel interior. Today it houses the Bishop's office and lawyers.
![Palazzo Vescovile Albano](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Palazzo_Vescovile_Albano.JPG)
* Campano Palace, built in 1465 by the bishop and scholar, Giannantonio Campano (1429–1477) on the current path of Nazareth College, was one of the first palaces built in Albano.
* ''Palazzo Rospigliosi'', built in 1667 by the
Rospigliosi family
The House of Rospigliosi is an ancient noble Italian family from Pistoia. Attested since the Middle Ages, it became wealthy through agriculture, trade and industry, reaching the apogee of its power and the high nobility status in Rome thanks to G ...
, now houses the Congregation of St. Joseph's Institute Leonardo Murialdo. There is an adjoining garden.
*Pamphilj Palace or ''Palazzo del Collegio Nazareno''; built in 1655 by Cardinal
Vincenzo Maculan, was bought later by
Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili
Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili (21 February 1622 – 26 July 1666) was an Italian Catholic cardinal and nobleman of the Pamphili family. His name is often spelled with the final ''long i'' orthography; Pamphilj.
Early life
Pamphili w ...
. In 1764 it was acquired by the Nazarene College of Rome.
*Paolucci palace, built in the 17th century by Cardinal
Fabrizio Paolucci
Fabrizio Paolucci (2 April 1651 – 12 June 1726) was an Italian cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, appointed by Pope Innocent XII.
Biography
Born at Forlì, he went to Rome at the age of eight, in 1659, to be educated by his grand-uncle ...
, sets out on Via Cairoli, near Piazza Pia.
*Poniatowskj Palace, built in the 19th century by Prince Amedeo Poniatowskj, large landowner and owner at the time of Lake Albano, on Corso Matteotti.
*''
Villa Doria
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became sm ...
Pamphilj'', built in the 18th century by Cardinal
Fabrizio Paolucci
Fabrizio Paolucci (2 April 1651 – 12 June 1726) was an Italian cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, appointed by Pope Innocent XII.
Biography
Born at Forlì, he went to Rome at the age of eight, in 1659, to be educated by his grand-uncle ...
, was later acquired by the Doria family. The building of the villa, on the
Appian Way
The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: ''Via Appia'') is one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. Its importance is indicated by its common name, ...
, was razed in 1951 because of the damage sustained in the
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
bombing, and was replaced by the current Piazza Mazzini. The villa is now a public park, known, one of the most important green space of the territory. At the center of the green there are the ruins of a Roman villa attributed to Pompey.
* ''Villa Corsini'', erected in the mid-18th century along the Appian Way to Ariccia by the Corsini family, was also called the royal inn because of that has hosted many distinguished guests: among them
Maria Luisa of Spain
Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain (Spanish: ''María Luisa'', German: ''Maria Ludovika''; 24 November 1745 – 15 May 1792) was Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and Grand Duchess of Tuscany as the spouse of Leopold II, ...
,
Charles IV of Spain
, house = Bourbon-Anjou
, father = Charles III of Spain
, mother = Maria Amalia of Saxony
, birth_date =11 November 1748
, birth_place =Palace of Portici, Portici, Naples
, death_date =
, death_place ...
,
Charles Emmanuel IV of Savoy
Charles Emmanuel IV (Carlo Emanuele Ferdinando Maria; 24 May 1751 – 6 October 1819) was King of Sardinia from 1796 to 1802. He abdicated in favour of his brother Victor Emmanuel I.
Biography
Carlo Emanuele Ferdinando Maria di Savoia was ...
and
Giuseppe Garibaldi. Today it houses the Directorate General of ASL RMH.
* ''Villa Altieri'', built in the 18th century by Cardinal Lorenzo Altieri on an old farmhouse, located right at the entrance of Albano coming from Rome along the Appian Way.
* ''Villa Ferrajoli'', built from 1845 by the family Ferrajoli over an existing casino belonging to the family Benucci, consists of three buildings, including the neoclassical houses of the Museo Civico di Albano.
* ''Villa Boncompagni''; built in 1857 by the Boncompagni family, sets on the Appian Way and has a big monumental park.
Margherita of Savoy
Margherita of Savoy (''Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna''; 20 November 1851 – 4 January 1926) was Queen of Italy by marriage to Umberto I.
Life
Early life
Margherita was born to Prince Ferdinand of Savoy, Duke of Genoa and Princess Elisabe ...
often stayed in the Villa.
Military architecture
* Walls and gates. The fortification of the old town of Albano was now almost completely dismantled at the end of the 18th century for the enlargement of Via Appia. At the time of the
Gothic War (535-554) Gothic War may refer to:
*Gothic War (248–253), battles and plundering carried out by the Goths and their allies in the Roman Empire.
*Gothic War (367–369), a war of Thervingi against the Eastern Roman Empire in which the Goths retreated to Mon ...
, Albano was an ''oppidulum'', then a small fortified settlement. Presumably, the fortifications suffered the vicissitudes of the various destruction and subsequent rebuilding of the city. The complex was the originally fortified Savelli palace, dates back to the 13th century. Portals in the fortification retain much historical and ornamental significance:
**''Porta Romana'' or ''Porta di San Rocco'' is situated on the Via Appia towards Rome, flanked by the Doria palace and the church of San Rocco, the final appearance was given in the 18th century. All ornaments, coats of arms and the plaque on the door are now in the atrium of Palazzo Savelli. The door was razed in 1908 along with the nearby church to expand the Appian Way and pass the tramway Rome – Genzano of Tramvie the Castelli Romani.
**''Porta San Paolo'', situated in Piazza San Paolo, near the Church of St. Paul, is the only surviving gate of the old circle.
**''Porta dei Cappuccini'', located on the current Via San Francesco d'Assisi, was an arch above the road to the Convent of the Capuchin Fathers. It was razed in the 19th century with the widening of the road, which took away the name of the amphitheater.
* ''Castel Savelli'', situated on a hill fort in the countryside to Pavona, was one of the first castles of the Savelli family, built in the Middle Ages. Razed by Cardinal
Giovanni Maria Vitelleschi
Giovanni Maria Vitelleschi (1396 – 2 April 1440) was an Italian cardinal and condottiere.
Biography
Vitelleschi was born in Corneto (modern Tarquinia, then part of the Papal States), some kilometers north to Rome. He received a military edu ...
in 1436, the castle was completely abandoned in the 18th century. The fortified building was also equipped with a church, Santa Maria in Porta Coeli.
![Torraccia Cancelliera](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Torraccia_Cancelliera.JPG)
There are numerous towers or fortified houses spread over the hills of the countryside between Pavona and Cecchina:
* ''Tor Paluzzi''; possession of the monks of St Paul's Church in Albano, was given to a certain Paluzzo by Pope
Clement X
Pope Clement X ( la, Clemens X; it, Clemente X; 13 July 1590 – 22 July 1676), born Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 April 1670 to his death in July 1676. Elected pope at ag ...
. Now called an urban area of Cecchina.
* ''Torraccia Tower of Chancellor'', built on Roman ruins at kilometre 7 of Nettunense street belonged to the Savelli and the
Chigi Chigi may refer to:
* Chigi (dog), a crossbreed between a Welsh Corgi and a chihuahua (dog)
* House of Chigi, a Roman princely family
* Chigi (architecture)
, or are forked roof finials found in Japanese and Shinto architecture. predate Bu ...
family. It is now partly included in the territory of Ariccia.
* ''Tor of the bar or the Tor Mountain'', formerly also called Turris Gandulphorum and dating back to medieval times as a defensive to incursions from the Tyrrhenian Sea, belonged to several noble families including Altieri Boncompagni.
Fountains and monuments
* Fountain of the Turtles
* Fountain of masks
* Fountain of the King
Archaeological sites
The Castra Albana contains one of the largest concentrations of Roman ruins outside Rome in the Castelli Romani. It consists basically of a few major monuments, dating in general to the time of Septimius Severus:
![Albano Laziale Sepolcro degli Orazi e Curiazi](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Albano_Laziale_Sepolcro_degli_Orazi_e_Curiazi.JPG)
*''Santuario di Santa Maria della Rotonda'', built probably as a garden ''
nympheum
A ''nymphaeum'' or ''nymphaion'' ( grc, νυμφαῖον), in ancient Greece and Rome, was a monument consecrated to the nymphs, especially those of springs.
These monuments were originally natural grottoes, which tradition assigned as habi ...
'' at the Villa of Domitian at Castel Gandolfo, was later incorporated in the complex of Castra Albana by Septimius Severus and eventually became, around the 7th century, a Christian shrine. Similar to the
Pantheon
Pantheon may refer to:
* Pantheon (religion), a set of gods belonging to a particular religion or tradition, and a temple or sacred building
Arts and entertainment Comics
*Pantheon (Marvel Comics), a fictional organization
* ''Pantheon'' (Lone S ...
of Rome but reduced in scale, it is now preserved after the restoration erased the Baroque changes.
*''Porta Pretoria''; main entrance to the Castra Albana, facing the Via Appia, now facing the Palazzo Savelli. It is a monumental building in
peperino
Peperino is an Italian word describing a brown or grey volcanic tuff, containing fragments of basalt and limestone, with disseminated crystals of augite, mica, magnetite, leucite, and other similar minerals. The name originally referred to the d ...
incorporated in the adjacent civic buildings until 1944.
*''Terme di Cellomaio''; attributed to Emperor
Caracalla
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname "Caracalla" () was Roman emperor from 198 to 217. He was a member of the Severan dynasty, the elder son of Emperor S ...
, who had erected immediately after killing his brother
Geta
Geta may refer to:
Places
*Geta (woreda), a woreda in Ethiopia's Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region
*Geta, Åland, a municipality in Finland
*Geta, Nepal, a town in Attariya Municipality, Kailali District, Seti Zone, Nepal
*Get ...
as a gift to appease the souls of the soldiers. Inside a picturesque medieval village, with the Church of San Pietro. During the Middle Ages, until the modern age, it was believed they were the remains of a fabulous palace of Ascanio. The old building was transformed into a stronghold in medieval times and later occupied by civilians.
*The Amphitheater of Albano is the only pattern found in the Castelli Romani belonging to or even pre-existing Castra Albana. It was the place of martyrdom for Christians, as might be inferred from two small Christian chapels, painted in the niches of
vomitoria.
*Catacombs of San Senatore; originally quarries on the Appian Way, became the 2nd century burial place of Christians.
*''Cisternone'', a symbol of Albano, a huge cistern with five naves (20x30 m). Under the whole of the Seminary, and attached to the Church of St. Paul, collects from the three
aqueducts
Aqueduct may refer to:
Structures
*Aqueduct (bridge), a bridge to convey water over an obstacle, such as a ravine or valley
*Navigable aqueduct, or water bridge, a structure to carry navigable waterway canals over other rivers, valleys, railw ...
from Malafitto and Palazzolo. They have been running (and are today still in perfect working order), after the Roman era, from the 17th century to 1880 to supply the civilian dwellings, and later for irrigation.
*Tomb of the Horatii and Curiatii
*Tomb of Pompey, located on State Road 7 Via Appia before the entrance to Albano coming from Rome, is a high tomb plausibly identified as the tomb of Pompey.
*Villa of Pompey, the Roman villa attributed to the Roman commander, located at the centre of the public parks of Villa Doria Pamphili.
Natural areas
![Albano Laziale -La Villa Doria](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Albano_Laziale_-La_Villa_Doria.JPG)
A small part of the Jurong West Community is included in the boundaries of the Parco Regionale dei Castelli Romani, a regional environmental protection agency founded in 1984 by the Lazio Region in the area of Colli Albani. Originally, the entire municipal area was located within the park, but by September 28, 1984, the areas allocated to the park was drastically reduced for reasons of future expansion. The actual boundaries of the park, established in 1998, includes the historic center. Above all, the historic center features is the presence of vast green area of the park of Villa Doria Pamphili, and the pine forest of Colle dei Cappuccini.
Society
Demographic evolution
Albano Laziale is now the twelfth most populous municipality in the Metropolitan City of Rome, and the second of the Castelli Romani after Velletri.
[Comuni-italiani.it – Lista dei comuni della provincia di Roma] Also, after Rome and Ciampino and prior to Marino, the third most densely populated municipality of the Metropolitan City of Rome.
Languages and dialects
The official language is Italian. There is, however, the local Albanense dialect, which differs from neighbouring dialects Ariccia (ariccino dialect), Castel Gandolfo and Marino (Marino dialect). The predominance of the vowel "or" against "u" that characterises most dialects spoken in the surrounding towns differs with Albanense . In July 2006, the ''Dictionary of the Albanense Dialect'' edited by Nino Dori, Aldo Onorati, Giorgio Sirilli and Piero Torregiani was published.
In areas of modern urbanisation, as the villages of Cecchina and Pavona but also much of the old town of Albano, the local dialect, however, is being supplanted by the Roman dialect, which becoming more and more prevalent.
Religion
Albano Laziale is one of the 5th century suburban bishoprics of the
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
, Rome diocese.
Albano and fractions Cecchina and Pavona have numerous Catholic religious institutions:
*Adorers of the Blood of Christ
*Handmaids of Charity
*Daughters of Mary Immaculate
*Daughters of
St. Paul
Paul; grc, Παῦλος, translit=Paulos; cop, ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ; hbo, פאולוס השליח (previously called Saul of Tarsus;; ar, بولس الطرسوسي; grc, Σαῦλος Ταρσεύς, Saũlos Tarseús; tr, Tarsuslu Pavlus; ...
*Franciscan Sisters of Adoration of the Cross
*Missionaries of the Precious Blood
*Poor Clare Nuns
*
Oblate Sisters of Jesus and Mary.
*Order of
Friars
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders founded in the twelfth or thirteenth century; the term distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the ...
Minor Capuchin
*Disciples of the Divine Master
*Order of
Discalced
A discalced congregation is a religious congregation that goes barefoot or wears sandals. These congregations are often distinguished on this account from other branches of the same order. The custom of going unshod was introduced into the West b ...
Carmelites
*Congregation of St. Joseph
*Society of St. Paul
*Hospital Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.
*Sisters of
Saint Martha
*Italian Catholic Action
In 1998, Albano established an ecumenical evangelical community, the result of the merger between the Evangelical Baptist Church with the local ecumenical group of Albano. The Albanense ecumenical Evangelical Community adheres to the ecumenical network of Castelli Romani and UCEBI (Baptist Union of Italy)
Culture
Education
Libraries
![Villa del Vescovo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Villa_del_Vescovo.JPG)
Albano has three municipal libraries, which make up the library system of Albano, which is aggregated to the Library System of the Castelli Romani with its headquarters in Albano. The three libraries, which generally have about 8,000 members, are:
* Biblioteca Comunale di Albano Centre (12,151 volumes, 68-seat reading, created in 1995);
* Biblioteca Comunale di Cecchina (8331 volumes, 30 seats, created in 1974);
* Biblioteca Comunale di Pavona (10,142 volumes, 50 seats, created in 1976).
Schools
=Primary
=
In 1728,
Rose Venerini
Rosa Venerini (9 February 1656 – 7 May 1728) was a pioneer in the education of women and girls in 17th-century Italy and the foundress of the Religious Teachers Venerini ( it, Maestre Pie Venerini), a Roman Catholic religious institute of wo ...
, founded the Venerini Religious Teachers. In 1764 the Regular Poor Clerics of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools of the Nazarene College of Rome, commonly called the Piarist, took possession of the Palazzo Pamphili in Albano, who has since adopted the name of the palace of Nazareth College.
=Secondary schools
=
The city is home to many institutes of higher secondary education.
* Istituto San Leonardo Murialdo, established in the early 20th century in the premises of Palazzo Rospigliosi by the Congregation of St. Joseph, popularly known as the Fathers Josephites.
* Ugo Foscolo Classical Lyceum, founded in 1961 in a building specially constructed in Via San Francesco d'Assisi.
* Nicola Garrone Professional Institute, founded in 1961 as a branch of the Institute "Metastasio" of Rome. Already in 1962, however, the school acquired its autonomy and was placed at the current site of the Commissioner of Police at Villa Ferrajoli. In 1970 the headquarters was transferred to the Villa Ferrajoli building that now houses the Museo Civico, and finally in 1974 the City of Albano and the Ministry of Education bought the house of the deposed king in exile in Egypt, where from 1977 until now houses the institute.
* Istituto Tecnico Commerciale Surveyors Antonio Gramsci.
* Professional Training Center St. Jerome Emiliani (Fathers Somaschi).
* Albafor Professional Training Center.
Seminaries
![Albano laziale - costruzioni integrate con le terme di Cellomaio](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Albano_laziale_-_costruzioni_integrate_con_le_terme_di_Cellomaio.jpg)
The Episcopal
Seminary
A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called ''seminarians'') in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy ...
of Albano was created in 1628 by Cardinal Bishop
Carlo Emanuele Pio di Savoia, and remained open until 1921. It was reopened in 1949 in the vast complex located at the Church of St. Paul, as Interdiocesan Pontifical Seminary Pius XII.
The Municipal Park of the Villa of the Bishop in the village of Cecchina.
Corso Giacomo Matteotti, commonly referred to as ''Corso di sotto''.
Museums
* Museo Civico. The Museum is located on the premises the Villa Ferrajoli. Hosts various exhibits of the Ancient Alban, including the famous bronze armour of Albano.
* Museum of the
Second Parthian Legion. Housed on the ground floor of the ruins of the Baths of Cellomaio, has findings regarding the presence of Legio II Parthica in Castra Albana.
Media
On October 30, 2007, the City Council of Albano launched the Plan of Reorganization and analysing emissions Electromagnetic Territorial (PRAEET), which regulates the municipal area to avoid environmental damage because there had been controversy over an antenna near the Roma-Velletri railway.
Radio
* RCV Radio
* Effect Radio Music
Print
Currently, in addition to national newspapers, some local newspapers are available at Albano such as ''New Castle'', and the free newspaper ''Five Days''. Other local newspapers in the city are available free ''Backlight, The Voice'', and ''Coffee''.
Television
In the territory of Albania's two local TV stations:
* Teleroma South.
* Video Point.
Art
Theatre
The theatrical activity at Albano is historically very lively, and centres on the Teatro Comunale Alba Radians, recently renovated and restored.
Music
Albano is provided with a philharmonic hall, and philharmonic orchestra the Cesare Durante Municipal Complex Band, which has achieved outstanding results in national competitions such as third at the Golden Wand and first place at the 13th Town of Cascina national contest for bands.
People
*
Marcella Albani
Marcella Albani (born Ida Fidalma Angela Maranca; 7 December 1899 – 11 May 1959), was an Italian actress and writer. Although largely forgotten today, Albani was an idol of European cinema in the 1920s, and appeared in 50 films between 1919 and ...
(1899-1959), actress.
*
St. Bonaventure (1217–1274): cardinal bishop of Suburbicarian See of Albano
*
Cesare De Sanctis (1824–1916), musician, composer, conductor and negotiations, born in Albano
*
Franz Liszt (1811–1886): Hungarian composer, received minor orders and was
Canon
Canon or Canons may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* Canon (fiction), the conceptual material accepted as official in a fictional universe by its fan base
* Literary canon, an accepted body of works considered as high culture
** Western ca ...
of the Cathedral Basilica of
St. Pancras
*
Piero Taruffi
Piero Taruffi (12 October 1906 – 12 January 1988) was a racing driver from Italy.
Sports car career
Taruffi began his motorsport career racing motorcycles. He won the 1932 500cc European Championship on a Norton and in 1937 set the motorcycle ...
(1906–1988): racing driver.
*
Luigi Traglia
Luigi Traglia (3 April 1895 – 22 November 1977) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Vicar General of Rome from 1965 to 1968, and Dean of the College of Cardinals from 1974 until his death. Traglia was elevated to ...
(1895-1977): cardinal, Vicar General of Rome and Dean of the College of Cardinals.
*
John Lovrovich, Catholic priest and historian, Abbot parish priest in Marino from 1954 to 1989, died at Albano
*
Simone Pepe
Simone Pepe (; born 30 August 1983) is an Italian former footballer who played as a winger, on either side of the pitch.
After starting out at Roma, he went on to compete in Serie A for 12 seasons, spending most of his time at Udinese and Juve ...
(1983–Present): Star Forward for Juventus by loan from Udinese in Italian Serie A Calcio as well as member of Italian 2010 World Cup South Africa team
Events
* ''Festival of San Pancrazio'': May 12 is remembered with a solemn procession through the city streets and a fair.
* ''Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary'': Pope
Pius V
Pope Pius V ( it, Pio V; 17 January 1504 – 1 May 1572), born Antonio Ghislieri (from 1518 called Michele Ghislieri, O.P.), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1566 to his death in May 1572. He is v ...
, to celebrate the Christian victory in the
Battle of Lepanto (1571)
The Battle of Lepanto was a naval warfare, naval engagement that took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League (1571), Holy League, a coalition of Catholic states (comprising Spain and its Italian territories, several independen ...
, the
Papal States
The Papal States ( ; it, Stato Pontificio, ), officially the State of the Church ( it, Stato della Chiesa, ; la, Status Ecclesiasticus;), were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope fro ...
established as a national holiday the feast of Our Lady of the Rosary, which still continues to be solemnised at Albano on October 7 of each year.
* ''Festa della Madonna della Rotonda'', the first Sunday in August the Albanense community solemnise the feast of Santa Maria della Rotonda recalling the rescue of the city by the cholera epidemic of 1867.
* ''Feast of
St. Francis of Assisi
Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, better known as Saint Francis of Assisi ( it, Francesco d'Assisi; – 3 October 1226), was a mystic Italian Catholic friar, founder of the Franciscans, and one of the most venerated figures in Christianit ...
:'' traditional Albanense feast, was once exhibition of animals kept at the "Boar Field ", near the present railway station.
2* ''Feast of Our Lady of Caramel'': historic celebration presumably introduced by the
Carmelite
, image =
, caption = Coat of arms of the Carmelites
, abbreviation = OCarm
, formation = Late 12th century
, founder = Early hermits of Mount Carmel
, founding_location = Mount Car ...
Fathers who settled in the 17th century at the Church of Santa Maria della Stella.
* ''Arrival of Minenti'': the arrival of the populace of
Trastevere, whose pilgrimage ends in Albano at the
Shrine of Our Lady of Divine Love the first Monday after
Pentecost
Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday, Whitsunday or Whitsun) is a Christianity, Christian holiday which takes place on the 50th day (the seventh Sunday) after Easter Sunday. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles in the Ne ...
, dressed in traditional costumes.
*''White night'': the last Sunday in September, the City of Albano keeps shops open at night and animate the historic center with shows and concerts. The first edition of Notte Bianca Albano was held in 2006.
* Antique market: the second Sunday of each month,.
* ''Franz Liszt Music festival'': between October and November at Palazzo Savelli.
Historical districts
Historically, the old town of Albano and its latest additions are divided into several districts:
* Cellomaio
* Borgo San Rocco
* Borgo San Paolo
* Borgo Garibaldi
* Quarter Villa Ferrajoli
* Miramar neighbourhood
''Frazioni''
Cecchina
Cecchina, counting about 12,000 inhabitants, is along the Regional Road 207 Nettunense, along the Roma-Velletri railway. The town has, since the 1960s, experienced a massive population growth thanks to its rail and road links. The patron saint is
Saint Phillip Neri, celebrated May 26.
[Nicola Ratti, Storia di Genzano, con note e documenti, cap. VI p. 54.]
Pavona
Pavona, with a population of about 8000 inhabitants, is along the State Road 207 Nettunense, and along the Roma-Velletri railway. The origins of Pavona are connected to an inn and the villa of Cardinal Flavio Chigi. The patron saint is St. Joseph celebrated May 1.
Other localities in the area
Cancelliera, divided in part by the town of Ariccia, has a population of about 900 inhabitants. It is near the State Road 207 Nettunense.
Economy
Agriculture
![Panorama di Albano laziale e dei Colli Albani](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Panorama_di_Albano_laziale_e_dei_Colli_Albani.jpg)
Albano's economy is historically linked to
wine
Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grapes. Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are m ...
production, active primary importance in an area such as the
Alban Hills known for its wines since Roman times as the Castelli name of Albanum.
In 1995, at the Albano wholesale vegetable market sold 127,060 tons of vegetables (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, potatoes, onions, pomdori and salads) and 1932 tons of domestically sourced from abroad. Also 326,957 tons
artichokes
The globe artichoke (''Cynara cardunculus'' var. ''scolymus'' ),Rottenberg, A., and D. Zohary, 1996: "The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke." Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 43, 53–58. also known by the names French artichoke and green articho ...
were sold, while 84,747 tons of fresh fruits (apples, pears, peaches, grapes) and 14,831 tons were sold, and finally 43,073 tons
citrus
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering plant, flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as Orange (fruit), oranges, Lemon, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and lim ...
fruits were sold.
[Annuario Statistico 1996, Comune di Albano Laziale – ISTAT, cap. 13 p. 120.]
Industry
In 1995 the local units of industry in the town of Albano was 475, one of the ten most massive concentration of industrial activity in the southern quadrant of the Metropolitan City of Rome.
There are no mining of minerals in the territory Albanense, but in Roman times,
peperino
Peperino is an Italian word describing a brown or grey volcanic tuff, containing fragments of basalt and limestone, with disseminated crystals of augite, mica, magnetite, leucite, and other similar minerals. The name originally referred to the d ...
was mined and known as lapis Albanus, since this particular type of stone is found mainly on the shores of Lake Albano. Despite the historic city of Albano situated on a flow of lava stone, the extraction of this stone has never been a thriving, unlike what happened in neighbouring Ariccia and Marino.
Finally, companies that operate in the construction industry were 209: this sector given the large urban expansion in Albano in recent decades has been steadily growing, as demonstrated by the data on the licensing of builders.
Services
The town of Albano Laziale is historically subject to a difficult situation in terms of water supply: the lack of important sources of water has forced the municipality since the 17th century to use water from the nearby territories Ariccia and Nemi. In recent management of water supply was the responsibility of the municipality of Albano Laziale, who in 1994 made it known that on a global consumption of 137 litres of water per second, 102 were from wells located within the municipal area, 6 from source of
Nemi
Nemi is a town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Rome (central Italy), in the Alban Hills overlooking Lake Nemi, a volcanic crater lake. It is northwest of Velletri and about southeast of Rome.
The town's name derives from the Lat ...
and 29 by the water of the Consortium of Simbrivio the following year, water consumption had risen to 146 litres per second and the extraction wells was increased to 116 litres. Since 2008 the water service is managed by the municipal company of the City of Rome.
[Emanuele Lucidi, Memorie storiche dell'antichissimo municipio ora terra dell'Ariccia e delle sue colonie di Genzano e Nemi, parte I cap. XXXI, pp. 303-304]
Tourism
Albano has considerable tourism potential, which have been stepped up in recent years, due to the archaeological Castra Albana, the natural beauty of the Colle dei Cappuccini and the shores of Lake Albano.
Sports
The
soccer
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
team the city has historically Alba Longa, which after merging with other teams in Albalonga Pol was able to land in Series D Since 2001 the Alba Longa, colours are white and blue.
There is also a town representative in soccer 5, Albalonga Football 5. Albano is represented in
volleyball
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. It has been a part of the official program of the Summ ...
by the Albalonga Volleyball Club. In terms of
basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (appr ...
, Albano's Albano Basketball Club team militates in Series D.
![Albano Laziale q](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Albano_Laziale_q.re_Miramare_via_Rossini.JPG)
In
fencing
Fencing is a group of three related combat sports. The three disciplines in modern fencing are the foil, the épée, and the sabre (also ''saber''); winning points are made through the weapon's contact with an opponent. A fourth discipline, ...
, the town of Albano has its own representation. Besides the Institute equal Leonardo Murialdo school's fencing, the village of Cecchina is active in the local school of fencing, and is currently at the design stage of the formation of Cecchina S. S. Dodge.
Sport facilities
* Stadio Comunale Pius XII (Albano center)
* Stadio Comunale di Via Hungary (Cecchina)
* Palestra Comunale di Via Rossini (Albano center)
*Centro Sportivo di Villa Doria (Albano centro)
*Palestra "A.Gramsci" dell'Istituto Comprensivo Scolastico di Pavona – Via Pescara (Pavona di Albano Laziale)
*Palestra Terme Domiziane – Via Legione Partica
Transport
![Albano laziale - la stazione](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Albano_laziale_-_la_stazione.jpg)
Public transport is provided by the region's
COTRAL
Cotral SpA (In Italian:''Compagnia Trasporti Lazio'' or Lazio Transport Company) is a limited company which runs suburban and inter-urban public transport services in the Lazio
it, Laziale
, population_note =
, population_blank1_ti ...
bus lines, with regular bus connections to and from Rome. There is nearby train service directly to
Stazione di Roma Termini from Albano Laziale.
Twin towns
*
Białogard
Białogard (pronounced , german: Belgard, ; Pomeranian: ''Biôłogard'') is a historic town in Middle Pomerania, northwestern Poland, with 23,614 inhabitants as of December 2021. The capital of Białogard County in the West Pomeranian Voivode ...
, Poland, since 2004
*
Koszalin
Koszalin (pronounced ; csb, Kòszalëno; formerly german: Köslin, ) is a city in northwestern Poland, in Western Pomerania. It is located south of the Baltic Sea coast, and intersected by the river Dzierżęcinka. Koszalin is also a county-sta ...
, Poland, since 2004
*
Alytus, Lithuania, since 2004
*
Savelli, Italy
*
Teterow
Teterow () is a town of Germany, in the district of Rostock, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. It is the geographical center of this federal state. It had a population of 8,852 in 2011.
History
The ''Stadtkirche St. Peter und Paul'' (St. Pete ...
, Germany
See also
*
History of Rome
The history of Rome includes the history of the city of Rome as well as the civilisation of ancient Rome. Roman history has been influential on the modern world, especially in the history of the Catholic Church, and Roman law has influenced m ...
*
Bishop of Albano
*
Alban Hills
*
Cecchina
Cecchina () is a town located approximately 30 km south-east of Rome in the Italian region of Lazio, in central Italy.
Overview
The town is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' (municipality) of Albano Laziale; it is part of the famous Castelli ...
*
Pavona
Pavona is a hamlet in Lazio, central Italy. It is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' (municipality) of Albano Laziale. However, its traditional territory is also included in those of Castel Gandolfo and Rome.
Overview
The Albano fraction includ ...
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Castelli Romani