Al Gore's Penguin Army Video Controversy
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''Al Gore's Penguin Army'' is a two-minute-long satirical webvideo posted on
YouTube YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by ...
on May 24, 2006, spoofing
Al Gore Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician, businessman, and environmentalist who served as the 45th vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. Gore was the Democratic Part ...
and his movie '' An Inconvenient Truth''. There is evidence that the video is a product of
astroturfing Astroturfing is the practice of masking the sponsors of a message or organization (e.g., political, advertising, religious or public relations) to make it appear as though it originates from and is supported by grassroots participants. It is a p ...
. Despite all appearances of being an amateur production, ''
The Wall Street Journal ''The Wall Street Journal'' is an American business-focused, international daily newspaper based in New York City, with international editions also available in Chinese and Japanese. The ''Journal'', along with its Asian editions, is published ...
'' discovered that the author of the video was using "a computer registered to
DCI Group DCI Group is an American public relations, lobbying and business consulting firm based in Washington, D.C. The company was founded in 1996 as a consulting firm, and has since expanded its practice to become a public affairs company offering a ra ...
", a public relations and lobbying firm led exclusively by Republican party officials. At the time the video was made, DCI's clients included
General Motors The General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is the largest automaker in the United States and ...
and
ExxonMobil ExxonMobil Corporation (commonly shortened to Exxon) is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is the largest direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil, and was formed on November 30, ...
. DCI has refused to comment on its involvement with the video.


Synopsis

The webvideo starts by mimicking a commercial film, produced by the fictional ''
Hollywood Hollywood usually refers to: * Hollywood, Los Angeles, a neighborhood in California * Hollywood, a metonym for the cinema of the United States Hollywood may also refer to: Places United States * Hollywood District (disambiguation) * Hollywood, ...
Movie Report'' and quotes the real ''
Newsweek ''Newsweek'' is an American weekly online news magazine co-owned 50 percent each by Dev Pragad, its president and CEO, and Johnathan Davis (businessman), Johnathan Davis, who has no operational role at ''Newsweek''. Founded as a weekly print m ...
'' article "Gore Redux" by
Eleanor Clift Eleanor Irene Clift ('' née'' Roeloffs; born July 7, 1940) is an American political journalist, television pundit, and author. She is a contributor to MSNBC and blogger for ''The Daily Beast''. She is best known as a regular panelist on ''The ...
as a critic's recommendation. A black margin surrounds the viewing screen, artificially making the video appear as though it was created with archaic technology. An umbrella-wielding and clothed penguin, modeled after the
Batman Batman is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, and debuted in Detective Comics 27, the 27th issue of the comic book ''Detective Comics'' on ...
supervillain
The Penguin The Penguin is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman. The character made his first appearance in ''Detective Comics'' #58 (December 1941) and was created by Bob ...
, with the face of Al Gore leads a group of smaller penguins, modeled after the computer operating system
Linux Linux ( or ) is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged as a Linux distribution, which ...
's mascot
Tux Black tie is a semi-formal wear, semi-formal Western dress code for evening events, originating in British and American conventions for clothing, attire in the 19th century. In British English, the dress code is often referred to synecdochically ...
, into an ice cave. Gore shows the penguins a slideshow presentation entitled "Overview of
Global Warming In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to E ...
" like a teacher or professor. At the start of the lecture, the penguins quickly become alarmed by the threat of global warming. Gore presents a sequence of scientific graphs while ironically stating "It's all very simple", repeatedly voicing "quack, quack" incoherently. The penguins all fall asleep from boredom. Continuing the presentation, Gore asserts that global warming is the cause of seemingly nonsensical happenings so that the video satirizes the real Gore's claims about global warming: turmoil in the
Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...
, celebrity news, meteorological events that suggest that the Earth is not in fact warming, and upsets in sports. After ending the lecture, Gore twirls his umbrella to hypnotize three penguins, as The Penguin can do in the Batman media franchise. He leads them forth to the " Red State Theater", implied to be in
Montana Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbi ...
. Large crowds of people and penguins are going to watch '' X-Men: The Last Stand''. Only those three penguins, however, go to watch ''An Inconvenient Truth''; likewise, they all fall asleep from boredom. Back in the ice cave and lecture hall, Gore orders a number of penguins to "take action to stop Global Warming!", oblivious to their all sleeping. The video then shifts to a text-based scene "Things you can do to Stop Global Warming", suggesting viewers to "stop exhaling" and "walk everywhere no matter the distance", among other absurdities. In the last scene, a lone penguin is walking in the cave when a shark rises and returns to the water, taking along the penguin to eat. Finally, the video presents the text "The End" on a black screen. Al Gore abruptly appears on the screen and sounds some evil laughter; he twirls his umbrella at the direction of the real-life viewers to hypnotize them,
breaking the fourth wall Breaking or breakin' may refer to: Arts * Breakdancing (also breaking), an athletic style of street dance * ''Breakin, a 1984 American breakdancing-themed musical film * "Breakin, a twelfth-season episode of the American animated television se ...
. The viewer is left warned that Al Gore is attempting to trick him into believing absurdities.


Authorship

The video, which has a "home-made, humorous quality", was posted on
YouTube YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by ...
by "Toutsmith," a person who identified himself as a 29-year-old from
Beverly Hills Beverly Hills is a city located in Los Angeles County, California. A notable and historic suburb of Greater Los Angeles, it is in a wealthy area immediately southwest of the Hollywood Hills, approximately northwest of downtown Los Angeles. Bev ...
. The video was released on May 24, 2006, the same date as the release of ''An Inconvenient Truth''. ''
The Wall Street Journal ''The Wall Street Journal'' is an American business-focused, international daily newspaper based in New York City, with international editions also available in Chinese and Japanese. The ''Journal'', along with its Asian editions, is published ...
'' journalist Antonio Regalado noticed that, despite the amateur production values, a link to the video was the first sponsored listing when he performed a
Google Google LLC () is an American multinational technology company focusing on search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, artificial intelligence, and consumer electronics. ...
search for
Al Gore Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician, businessman, and environmentalist who served as the 45th vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. Gore was the Democratic Part ...
, suggesting to him that someone was paying money to advertise this 'amateur' video. Regalado examined routing information on an e-mail sent by Toutsmith to Regalado and found that the e-mail had been sent from a computer associated with the
DCI Group DCI Group is an American public relations, lobbying and business consulting firm based in Washington, D.C. The company was founded in 1996 as a consulting firm, and has since expanded its practice to become a public affairs company offering a ra ...
, in
Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
When asked if they created the video, DCI Group responded "We do not disclose the names of our clients, nor do we discuss the work we do on behalf of our clients." The Wall Street Journal also found that sponsored links to the Al Gore video had been placed on
Google Google LLC () is an American multinational technology company focusing on search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, artificial intelligence, and consumer electronics. ...
, and were taken down after DCI was contacted by the Journal. The identity of the party who paid for the sponsored links remains unknown.


Opinions

The ''Wall Street Journal'' consulted a professor of communications who described the spoof as "'
Propaganda Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded ...
101' and said: "It contains no factual information, but presents a highly negative image f Al Gore"


References

{{Reflist


External links


Original YouTube Video
* ttp://politics.slashdot.org/politics/06/08/06/209244.shtml Slashdot posting Climate change denial Cultural depictions of Al Gore Films about penguins Parodies of films Political forgery 2006 YouTube videos