''Al-Jamahir'' (in

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...

الجماهير meaning ''The Masses'') was an

Arabic language Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

weekly newspaper and the official organ of the

Democratic Movement for National Liberation The Democratic Movement for National Liberation ( ar, الحركة الديمقراطية للتحرر الوطنى, abbreviated حدتو, HADITU, french: Mouvement démocratique de libération nationale, abbreviated M.D.L.N.) was a communist organ ...

( ar, الحركة الديمقراطية للتحرر الوطنى, abbreviated حدتو, 'HADITU', french: Mouvement démocratique de libération nationale, abbreviated M.D.L.N) a

communist Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...

organization in

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

between 1947 and 1955. ''Al-Jamahir'' was established in 1947 as official organ of the HADITU. The organization published the legal weekly newspaper that had a regular circulation of 7-8,000, but the circulation occasionally peaked to around 15,000. ''Al-Jamahir'' played an important role in the growth of HADITU. Free copies of the newspaper were handed out to workers at factories, and the newspaper became an important rallying point to spread the influence of the movement amongst industrial workers. The newspaper had a relatively high journalistic standard, with photographic essays and industrial exposures. Beinin, Joel, and Zachary Lockman.
Workers on the Nile: nationalism, communism, Islam, and the Egyptian working class, 1882 - 1954
'.

Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metro ...

: The American University in Cairo Press, 1998. pp. 352-353 HADITU supported the Egyptian Revolution and the 1952 coup d'état, being the only communist faction to do so. Several prominent figures in the Revolutionary Command Council and the Free Officers had links to HADITU. Other communist groups voiced fierce criticisms against the government in junction with the violent suppression of a strike in

Kafr Dawar Kafr El Dawwar ( ar, كفر الدوار, lit=town of the farm ) is a major industrial city and municipality on the Nile Delta in the Beheira Governorate of northern Egypt. Located approximately 30 km from Alexandria, the municipality ...

and the execution of two workers accused of being the leaders of the strike. After the executions of the two labour leaders, HADITU and non-communist trade unionists agitated in the working-class neighbourhoods of

Alexandria Alexandria ( or ; ar, ٱلْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةُ ; grc-gre, Αλεξάνδρεια, Alexándria) is the second largest city in Egypt, and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast. Founded in by Alexander the Great, Alexandria ...

and Kafr Dawar (in vehicles, with loudspeakers, borrowed from the army) calling on workers to remain calm. The support to the government after the Kafr Dawar crack-down affected the HADITU influence in the labour movement, and created internal rifts between the party and its trade union cadres. In January 1953 the government closed down the legal press of HADITU and ''Al-Jamahir'' was suspended. In February 1955 HADITU merged with six other factions, forming the

Unified Egyptian Communist Party The Unified Egyptian Communist Party ( ar, الحزب الشيوعي المصري الموحد) was a political party in Egypt. The party was founded in February 1955 through the merger of the Democratic Movement for National Liberation (HADITU) an ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jamahir 1947 establishments in Egypt 1953 disestablishments in Egypt Arabic communist newspapers Defunct newspapers published in Egypt Defunct weekly newspapers Publications established in 1947 Publications disestablished in 1953 Weekly newspapers published in Egypt Banned newspapers

See also

References