Aklanski Ostrog (Russian : Акланский острог) or Penzhinskoye zimovye (Пенжинское зимовье; "wintering place Penzhina") was a

fortified city A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors. The walls can range from simple palisades or earthworks to extensive military fortifications with towers, bastions and gates ...

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...

between 1679 and 1804 on the river

Oklan The Oklan (russian: Оклан; Koryak: Ыӄлан) is a river in Kamchatka Krai, Russia. The length of the river is and the area of is drainage basin . It is the second most important tributary of the Penzhina after the Belaya. The name of th ...

(then Chajachla or Aklan), into which the

Penzhina The Penzhina (russian: Пенжина; Koryak: Мыгыкивэем) is a river in Kamchatka Krai, Russia. It is long, and has a drainage basin of . The name "Penzhina" originated the Chukchi word ''"Pennyn"'', meaning "place of attack". In ...

flows. The city, established by

Vladimir Atlasov Vladimir Vasilyevich Atlasov or Otlasov ( or Отла́сов; between 1661 and 1664 – 1711) was a Siberian Cossack who was the first Russian to organize systematic exploration of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Atlasov Island, an uninhabited volcani ...

as a stronghold for the

Koryaks Koryaks () are an indigenous people of the Russian Far East, who live immediately north of the Kamchatka Peninsula in Kamchatka Krai and inhabit the coastlands of the Bering Sea. The cultural borders of the Koryaks include Tigilsk in the south ...

forcing jasak to pay, was not much more than a fortified place, having the status of oejezdstad. The place was also hated by the Koryaks (the place burned down several times) and the

Yukaghirs The Yukaghirs, or Yukagirs ( (), russian: юкаги́ры) are a Siberian ethnic group people in the Russian Far East, living in the basin of the Kolyma River. Geographic distribution The Tundra Yukaghirs live in the Lower Kolyma region ...

(which besieged the place once). The nearest place was the Ostrog Anadyrsk, on the middle reaches of the

Anadyr Anadyr may refer to: *Anadyr (town), a town and the administrative center of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia *Anadyr District *Anadyr Estuary *Anadyr (river), a river in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia *Anadyr Highlands *Anadyr Lowlands *Operati ...

. Around 1680 there was a log cabin with two shelters, one for the Cossacks and Koryak prisoners, who Amanat were held to Koryaks to force the jasak to be invoked. Beside the house was a shed for the storage of sable skins.

History

In 1705, the Ostrog was besieged by Koryaks but again dismayed because in 1706 help arrived from

Yakutsk Yakutsk (russian: Якутск, p=jɪˈkutsk; sah, Дьокуускай, translit=Djokuuskay, ) is the capital city of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located about south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one ...

. In 1714 it was again besieged by the Ostrog

and Koryaks, but again not taken, because in 1716 help arrived from Yakutsk. In 1743, a new square Ostrog built with a length of 15 sazjen (32 meters) on each side and a height of 2 sazjen (4.3 meters). In the Ostrog risen one hijack a home for the military commander, barracks, a storehouse for the jasak and 2 barns. From 26 November 1745 to March 1746, was again besieged by the Ostrog Koryaks, which however itself withdrew. After another attack were not enough men to defend the fort and pulled the other occupation to Anadyrsk, which killed some way. There came a great uprising among Koryaks which many Cossacks were slain and their fortresses were laid in ashes. In 1748, the Ostrog of Aklansk burned by Koryaks and weapons were present included, although these Cossacks had hidden in the ground. In 1751, 407 men presenting army from Anadyrsk sent to the uprising Koryaks precipitate, leaving hundreds dead. After a number of wars gave Koryaks finally surrendered in 1757 after about half of their people were slain. In 1785, an attempt was made by the Russians to Aklansk to rebuild on the Penzhina River but Koryaks were heavily against a new presence of Russians in the middle of their territory and attacked the group of Cossacks that was sent to a good place to determine, in which a number of the Cossacks was slain. A year later Aklansk still rebuilt to Aklan and a number of administrative functions housed here from Tigil, where previously they were temporarily housed since 1782. In 1804, however, the

Kamchatka Oblast Kamchatka Oblast (russian: Камча́тская о́бласть, ''Kamchatskaya oblast'') was, until being incorporated into Kamchatka Krai on July 1, 2007, a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). To the north, it bordered Magadan Oblas ...

was established, the administrative functions were centered in Nizhnekamchatsk, Izhiginsk and Aklansk, at the edge of the new oblast layers were thereby abandoned and destroyed.

References

* {{Coord, 62, 34, 0, N, 166, 38, 0, E, type:landmark_region:RU, display=title History of the Kamchatka Peninsula