Aimable Ciril Duperouzel (alternatively Amiable Sierl Duperouzel) (17 March 1831 - 10 December 1901) was a French-born convict transported to

Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th ...

and a notable settler of the town of

York York is a cathedral city with Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. It is the historic county town of Yorkshire. The city has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a ...

. He was colloquially known in town as 'John, the Frenchman'.

Early life

Born Aimable Ciril Duperouzel in

Saint-Aubin-du-Perron Saint-Aubin-du-Perron () is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Saint-Sauveur-Villages.Coutances, Manche Lower Normandy,

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

on 17 March 1831, he was the youngest son of Charles and Radégondle Duperouzel (Du pérouzel). Aimable was raised on the family farm.

Life on the Channel Islands

Duperouzel emigrated to the

Channel Island The Channel Islands ( nrf, Îles d'la Manche; french: îles Anglo-Normandes or ''îles de la Manche'') are an archipelago in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy. They include two Crown Dependencies: the Bailiwick of Jersey, ...

Jersey Jersey ( , ; nrf, Jèrri, label=Jèrriais ), officially the Bailiwick of Jersey (french: Bailliage de Jersey, links=no; Jèrriais: ), is an island country and self-governing Crown Dependencies, Crown Dependency near the coast of north-west F ...

prior to 1848. He faced court accused of inducing a 10-year-old son of Elias Billot to rob his father on 5 September 1848 but the charge could not be substantiated and was later dropped. Duperouzel married his first wife Elizabeth etseySusanne Ferey 18 months later in March 1850 at Saint Helier. Both newlyweds lied about their age. At the time of their marriage Amiable was 18 whilst Elizabeth would have been 24, having been born in the Parish of Trinity on 19 June 1826. This was done to avoid requiring written permission of Duperouzel's parents as was the law at the time. On 15 August 1851 Elizabeth gave birth to a son John Aimable Duperouzel. A few months later in November 1851 Duperouzel plead guilty to theft of several fowls, the offence occurred on 30 October. After entering his plea Aimable requested permission to depart Jersey to "avoid further prosecution" which was granted. Duperouzel and his family departed for nearby

Guernsey Guernsey (; Guernésiais: ''Guernési''; french: Guernesey) is an island in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy that is part of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, a British Crown Dependency. It is the second largest of the Channel Islands ...

. The couple's son, John Aimable, was baptized in February 1852 at Saint Peter Port. He died on 25 October 1854 at three years of age. A few years later Aimable was brought before the courts on a string of offences. The most serious of which were robbery charges for the repeated theft from a drapery shop between April 1855 and August 1856. While awaiting trial Duperouzel made "two ineffectual" escape attempts; as a result, he was sentenced to ten years'

penal transportation Penal transportation or transportation was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their ...

on 6 September 1856.

Imprisonment

Duperouzel spent about sixteen months in prison in

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

before being transported to Western Australia aboard the ''Lord Raglan''. Aimable boarded the ship on 22 February 1858 at

Portsmouth Portsmouth ( ) is a port and city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire in southern England. The city of Portsmouth has been a unitary authority since 1 April 1997 and is administered by Portsmouth City Council. Portsmouth is the most dens ...

He was given the number 4840 and was described on arrival as being five feet seven and a quarter inches tall, of stout appearance, dark, with black hair, hazel eyes and a cut on the right side of his chin. He was protestant and able to read and write.

The ''Lord Raglan'' departed

Plymouth Plymouth () is a port city and unitary authority in South West England. It is located on the south coast of Devon, approximately south-west of Exeter and south-west of London. It is bordered by Cornwall to the west and south-west. Plymouth ...

on 6 March 1858 with 270 male convicts on board.

Western Australia

Duperouzel arrived in

Fremantle Fremantle () () is a port city in Western Australia, located at the mouth of the Swan River in the metropolitan area of Perth, the state capital. Fremantle Harbour serves as the port of Perth. The Western Australian vernacular diminutive for ...

on 1 June 1858 aboard the ''Lord Raglan''. Within his first year in the colony he received his ticket of leave in May 1859. He was '

grubbing Grubbing or clearing is the removal of trees, shrubs, stumps and rubbish from a site. This is often at the site where a transportation or utility corridor, a road or power line, an edifice or a garden is to be constructed. Grubbing is performed fol ...

' for a farmer in

at the time. Two years later, on 15 June 1861, Aimable received a conditional pardon. At the time he had served about half of his ten-year sentence. Whilst working as a labourer and stable hand for S. S. Parker of York, Duperouzel met Julie Neagle (14 November 1844 - 8 January 1926), an Irish migrant working as a housemaid on the farm. Though he had been married whilst living in Jersey, Aimable and Julie were married on 26 March 1863. Whether he had heard of her death, or simply chose not to seek out his first wife is not known and no record exists of Elizabeth Ferey after Aimable's transportation. In 1871 Duperouzel made an application for a tillage lease of 100 acres at Qualen, southwest of York. It was rare for an expiree to save enough to purchase land. So much so that it merited mention in

Janet Millett Janet Millett (1821–1904) was an English writer about life in Western Australia in the 1860s, best known for her book '' An Australian Parsonage or, the Settler and the Savage in Western Australia''. Early years She was born Janet Webster ...

's book, ''An Australian Parsonage'';

A benevolent person whom we know proposed the establishment of a savings’ bank for the shepherds, and endeavoured to induce an old colonist to assist him in the scheme, but only met the answer, ‘Teach ‘em to save their money? that's not what we want; if they once begin they will be our servants no longer!’ And the stupid old man, who had himself begun life as a day labourer in England, could not be brought to see that to improve the conditions of individuals would help to enrich the community at large. Good servants, however, who were bent on saving, could continue to put by money in spite of all disadvantages; and a French convict, who afterwards brought land and did very well, once brought to my husband as much as thirty-eight pounds of his earnings, with the request that he would take care of the sum for him. I was glad when the Frenchman carried away his bank notes a few weeks afterwards, for in Western Australia no one feels safe with money in the house or on the person, so that cheques are given for sums as low as half a sovereign.

Duperouzel named his farm Black Wattle Flats, purportedly for the "Stands of black wattle" which dominated the block previously. Aimable increased his land holdings considerably whilst he occupied the farm at Qualen. One request for a pastoral lease caused conflict with former employer and politician S. S. Parker, who petitioned the commissioner of crown lands to deny Duperouzel application. By September 1884 other settlers had taken up lands between Black Wattle Flats and York. Eventually the old unsurveyed tracks which Duperouzel had used to reach town became enveloped by fenced farmland. It took two years to petition for the surveying of a new road, possibly because Duperouzel's proposed road placement passed through lands owned by prominent families who opposed him. Ultimately, Aimable was successful. He received a written apology from the York Road Board and a new road was surveyed in August 1886.

Supreme Court case

Duperouzel's contact with the legal system did not end with his pardon. Over the decades he lived in York he was involved in numerous complaints to the police. This culminated in an 1898 Supreme Court case where Duperouzel accused publican and operator of the

Castle Hotel, York The Castle Hotel in York, Western Australia, York is one of the oldest surviving hotels in Western Australia. Its first proprietor was Samuel Smale Craig, Samuel Craig and it was then held by members of the Craig family for 137 years. The hot ...

, James T. Craig of slander. The case was the result of a dispute which occurred in York opposite the Castle Hotel. ''

The West Australian ''The West Australian'' is the only locally edited daily newspaper published in Perth, Western Australia. It is owned by Seven West Media (SWM), as is the state's other major newspaper, ''The Sunday Times''. It is the second-oldest continuousl ...

'' reported that Craig:

In the presence of a number of witnesses, stated that the plaintiff was a convict and had been sent out to this country for thieving that instead of being called a retired farmer and horse dealer, he ought to be called a retired horse stealer, that he had set fire to and burned other people's land, and that he had mares which had four foals a year.

Craig entered a counter-claim against Duperouzel for comments which implicated him as a murderer and poisoner of his patrons. Chief Justice

Alexander Onslow Sir Alexander Campbell Onslow (17 July 1842 – 20 October 1908) was the third Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Western Australia, which is the highest ranking court in the Australian State of Western Australia. Onslow is a forebear of ...

found in favour of the plaintiff, Duperouzel. In delivering his judgement Onslow expressed disappointment at "see ngthe charge of being a convict hurled against a man who had lived for 40 years as a well-conducted person." Craig's counter claim was dismissed and Duperouzel was awarded £250 in damages, equivalent of almost $40,000 today.

Death and legacy

In the early 1890s Duperouzel built a cottage in York using stone from the farm at Qualen, the residence has since become heritage listed. Aimable died on 10 December 1901. Duperouzel and his wife had seven children. Their second child John Aimable Duperouzel was given the same name as Duperouzel's only child from his first marriage. Similarly to his older half brother and namesake, John Aimable died young. Duperouzel was survived by his six other children and his wife. Rica Erickson describes Duperouzel as a prominent and colourful member of the York community. He was known by most as 'John the Frenchman', his French name was difficult for York locals and was etched incorrectly on his tombstone as "Amiable Sierl Duperouzel".

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duperouzel, Aimable Convicts transported to Western Australia Settlers of Western Australia 1831 births 1901 deaths