Ahmed Raza Khan, commonly known as Aala Hazrat, Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, or Ahmed Rida Khan in Arabic, (14 June 1856 CE or 10

Shawwal Shawwal ( ar, شَوَّال, ') is the tenth month of the lunar based Islamic calendar. ''Shawwāl'' stems from the verb ''shāla'' () which means to 'lift or carry', generally to take or move things from one place to another, Fasting during S ...

1272 AH – October 1921 CE or

Safar Ṣafar ( ar, صَفَر) also spelt as Safer in Turkish, is the second month of the lunar Islamic calendar. The Arabic word ''ṣafar'' means "travel, migration", corresponding to the pre-Islamic Arabian time period when muslims flee the oppr ...

1340 AH), was an Islamic scholar,

jurist A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyses and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal qualification in law and often a legal practitioner. In the Uni ...

, mufti,

philosopher A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning 'lover of wisdom'. The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek th ...

, theologian,

ascetic Asceticism (; from the el, ἄσκησις, áskesis, exercise', 'training) is a lifestyle characterized by abstinence from sensual pleasures, often for the purpose of pursuing spiritual goals. Ascetics may withdraw from the world for their p ...

Sufi Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...

, poet, and mujaddid in British India. He wrote on law, religion,

philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...

and the

sciences Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for ...

, and because he mastered many subjects in both rational and religious sciences,

Francis Robinson Francis Christopher Rowland Robinson CBE, DL, FRAS (born 23 November 1944 in Barnet) is a British historian and academic who specialises in the history of South Asia and Islam. Since 1990, he has been Professor of History of South Asia at the Un ...

, one of the leading Western scholars of South Asian Islam, considers him to be a polymath. He was reformer in north India who wrote extensively in defense of Muhammad and popular Sufi practices and became the leader of a movement called "Ahl-i Sunnat wa Jamàat". He influenced millions of people, and today the Barelvi movement has around 200 million followers in the region.

Biography

Family

Khan was born on 14 June 1856 in Mohallah Jasoli, Bareilly, the North-Western Provinces. Khan belonged to a Pashtun family of the

Barech Barech (also Baraich, Bareach, Barreach) is a Pashtun tribe in southern Kandahar province Kandahār ( ps, ; Kandahār, prs, ; ''Qandahār'') is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the southern part of the country, sha ...

tribe, his ancestor Saeed-ullah Khan having moved from Kandahar to Lahore and then to Delhi in the 17th century. The name corresponding to the year of his birth was "Al Mukhtaar". His birth name was Muhammad. Khan used the appellation "Abdul Mustafa" ("servant of the chosen one") prior to signing his name in correspondence.

Teachers

According to the official Biography written by Molana Zafar Uddin Bihari, some of his famous teachers included: *Shah AI-i-Rasul (d. 1297/1879) * Naqi Ali Khan (d. 1297/1880) *

Ahmad Zayni Dahlan Ahmad Zayni Dahlan ( ar, أحمد زَيْني دَحْلان) (1816–1886) was the Grand Mufti of the Shafi'i madhab in Mecca, and Shaykh al-Islam (highest religious authority in the Ottoman jurisdiction) in the Hijaz region of the Ottoman st ...

Makki (d. 1299/1881) *Abd al-Rahman Siraj Makki (d. 1301/1883) *Hussayn bin Saleh (d. 1302/1884) *Abul-Hussayn Ahmad Al-Nuri (d. 1324/1906) *'Abd al-Ali Rampuri (d. 1303/1885)

Spiritual order

In the year 1294 A.H. (1877), at the age of 22 years, Ahmed Raza became the Mureed (disciple) of Shah Aale Rasool Marehrawi. His Murshid bestowed him with Khilafat in several Sufi Silsilas. Some Islamic scholars received permission from him to work under his guidance.Imam, Muhammad Hassan. (2005)
The Role of the Khulafa-e-Imam Ahmed Raza Khan in the
Pakistan Movement 1920–1947. Diss. Karachi: University of Karachi.

Ahle Sunnat Revival movement

Imam Ahmed Raza wrote extensively in defense of his views, countered the

Wahabism Wahhabism ( ar, ٱلْوَهَّابِيَةُ, translit=al-Wahhābiyyah) is a Sunni Islamic revivalist and fundamentalist movement associated with the reformist doctrines of the 18th-century Arabian Islamic scholar, theologian, preacher, and ...

and

Deobandi Deobandi is a revivalist movement within Sunni Islam, adhering to the Hanafi school of law, formed in the late 19th century around the Darul Uloom Madrassa in Deoband, India, from which the name derives, by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, R ...

movements, and, by his writing and activity, became the leader of the Ahle Sunnat movement. The movement is spread across the globe with followers in Pakistan, India, South Africa and Bangladesh. The movement now has over 200 million followers globally. The movement was largely a rural phenomenon when began but is currently popular among urban, educated Pakistanis and Indians as well as the South Asian diaspora throughout the world. The efforts of Khan and his associate scholars to establish a movement to counter the Deobandi and

Ahl-i Hadith Ahl-i Hadith or Ahl-e-Hadith ( bn, আহলে হাদীছ, hi, एहले हदीस, ur, اہلِ حدیث, ''people of hadith'') is a Salafi reform movement that emerged in North India in the mid-nineteenth century from the teach ...

movements resulted to in the institutionalization of diverse Sufi movements and their allies in various parts of the world.

Death

Ahmed Raza Khan died in October 1921 (Safar 1340 AH) at the age of 65. He is buried in his hometown of Bareilly. Imam Ahmed Raza Khan wrote several hundred books in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu, including the thirty-volume

fatwa A fatwā ( ; ar, فتوى; plural ''fatāwā'' ) is a legal ruling on a point of Islamic law (''sharia'') given by a qualified '' Faqih'' (Islamic jurist) in response to a question posed by a private individual, judge or government. A jurist i ...

compilation '' Fatawa Razaviyya'', and ''

Kanzul Iman ''Kanzul Iman'' (Urdu and Arabic: کنزالایمان) meaning as 'Treasure of Faith ' is an Urdu paraphrase translation of the Qur'an by Ahmad Raza Khan produced in 1911. It is one of the translations of the Qur'an in Urdu language. Translatio ...

'' (Translation & Explanation of the Qur'an). Several of his books have been translated into European and South Asian languages.''Maarif Raza'', Karachi, Pakistan. Vol.29, Issue 1–3, 2009, pages 108–09

Kanz ul Iman (translation of the Qur'an)

'' ( Urdu and Arabic: کنزالایمان) is a 1910 Urdu paraphrase translation of the Qur'an by Khan. It is associated with the Hanafi jurisprudence within Sunni Islam, and is a widely read version of the translation in the Indian Subcontinent. It has been translated into English, Hindi, Bengali, Dutch, Turkish, Sindhi, Gujarati, and Pashto, and also recently translated into Gojri language by Mufti Nazir Ahmed Qadri.

Husam ul Haramain

'' Husamul Haramain'' or Husam al Harmain Ala Munhir kufr wal mayn (The Sword of the Haramayn at the throat of unbelief and falsehood) 1906, is a treatise which declared infidels the founders of the

and Ahmadiyya movements on the basis that they did not have the proper veneration of Muhammad and finality of prophethood in their writings. In defense of his verdict he obtained confirmatory signatures from 268 scholars in South Asia, and some from scholars in Mecca and Medina. The treatise is published in Arabic, Urdu, English,

Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

and Hindi.

Fatawa Razawiyyah

Fatawa-e-Razvia Fatawa-e-Razvia ( ur, فتاویِٰ رضویہ) or Fatawa-e-Radaviyyah is a major compilation of fatwas and journals for the Hanafi Fiqh authored by 19th century Sunni Islamic scholar Ahmed Raza Khan. The Fatawa-e-Razvia was discussed by Ar ...

'' or the full name Al Ataya fi-Nabaviah Fatwa Razaviah (translates to Verdicts of Imam Ahmed Raza by the blessings of the Prophet) is the main

(Islamic verdicts on various issues) book of his movement. It has been published in 30 volumes and in approx. 22,000 pages. It contains solutions to daily problems from religion to business and from war to marriage.

Hadaiq-e-Bakhshish

He wrote '' na'at'' (devotional poetry in praise of Muhammad) and always discussed him in the present tense. His main book of poetry is ''Hadaiq-e-Bakhshish''. His poems, which deal for the most part with the qualities of Muhammad, often have a simplicity and directness. His Urdu couplets, entitled ''Mustafa Jaane Rahmat pe Lakhon Salaam'' (Millions of salutations on Mustafa, the Paragon of mercy), are recited in mosques globally. They contain praise of Muhammad, his physical appearance (verses 33 to 80), his life and times, praise of his family and companions, praise of the

awliya A wali (''wali'' ar, وَلِيّ, '; plural , '), the Arabic word which has been variously translated "master", "authority", "custodian", "protector", is most commonly used by Muslims to indicate an Islamic saint, otherwise referred to by t ...

and saleheen (the saints and the pious).

Al Daulatul Makkiya Bil Madatul Ghaibiya

In 1323 Hijri (1905), Ahmad Raza went for his second Haj. Allamah Shaikh Saleh Kamal a Alim of Makkatul Mukarrama, he presented five questions to Ahmad Raza on behalf of the Ulema of Makkatul Mukarrama, this question was asked by Makkatul Mukarrama Wahabi Ulema regarding Knowledge of the Unseen (Ilm-e-Ghaib) Prophet of Islam. At that time Ahmed Raza was suffering from a high fever, despite the illness he tried to answer all the questions, he answered in such detail that the answer took the form of a book, and this book was named Al Daulatul Makkiya Bil Madatul Ghaibiya.

Jamat Raza E Mustafa

Khan Khan may refer to: *Khan (inn), from Persian, a caravanserai or resting-place for a travelling caravan *Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name *Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by ...

founded an organization on 17 December 1920 and named it Jamat Raza E Mustafa.

Other notable works

His other works include: *Al Mu'tamadul Mustanad *Al Amn o wal Ula *Alkaukabatush Shahabiya *Al Istimdaad *Al Fuyoozul Makkiyah *Al Meeladun Nabawiyyah *Fauze Mubeen Dar Radd-E-Harkate Zameen *Subhaanus Subooh *Sallus Say yaaful Hindiya *Ahkaam-e-Shariat *Az Zubdatuz Zakkiya *Abna ul Mustafa *Tamheed-e-Imaan *Angoothe Choomne ka Masla

Beliefs

Khan saw an intellectual and moral decline of Muslims in British India. His movement was a mass movement, defending popular

Sufism Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...

, which grew in response to the influence of the

Deobandi movement Deobandi is a revivalist movement within Sunni Islam, adhering to the Hanafi school of law, formed in the late 19th century around the Darul Uloom Madrassa in Deoband, India, from which the name derives, by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi ...

in South Asia and the Wahhabi movement elsewhere. Imam Ahmed Raza Khan supported Tawassul,

Mawlid Mawlid, Mawlid an-Nabi ash-Sharif or Eid Milad un Nabi ( ar, المولد النبوي, translit=mawlid an-nabawī, lit=Birth of the Prophet, sometimes simply called in colloquial Arabic , , among other vernacular pronunciations; sometimes , ) ...

, Muhammad's awareness of complete knowledge of the unseen, and other practices which were opposed by

Salafi The Salafi movement or Salafism () is a reform branch movement within Sunni Islam that originated during the nineteenth century. The name refers to advocacy of a return to the traditions of the "pious predecessors" (), the first three generat ...

s and Deobandis. In this context he supported the following beliefs: * Prophet Muhammad was not just made of flesh, but of '' nur''as well (light), and is ever-present all around us with the will of Allah, but prophet Muhammad is not divine. This contrasts with the

view that Muhammad was the '' insan-i-kamil'' (perfect person), but still a mortal human, not divine. * Prophet Muhammad is ''haazir naazir'' (Haazir-o-Naazir on the deeds of his Ummah) which means that Muhammad views and witnesses the actions of his people. This concept was interpreted by Shah Abdul Aziz in Tafsir Azizi in these words: The prophet is observing everybody, knows their good and bad deeds, and knows the strength of faith (Imaan) of every individual Muslim and what has hindered his spiritual progress. He reached judgments with regard to certain practices and faith in his book

, including: *Islamic Law is the ultimate law and following it is obligatory for all Muslims; *To refrain from Bid'ah is essential; *It is impermissible to imitate the Kuffar, to mingle with the misguided nd heretics and to participate in their festivals.

Fatwas

Ahmadis

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed to be the Messiah, Prophet, and Mahdi awaited by some Muslims as well as a Ummati Nabi, a subordinate prophet to Muhammad who came to restore

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

to the pristine form as practiced by Muhammad and early Sahaba. Khan declared Mirza Ghulam Ahmad a

heretic Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, in particular the accepted beliefs of a church or religious organization. The term is usually used in reference to violations of important religi ...

and apostate and called him and his followers disbelievers ( ''kuffar'').

Deobandis

The theological difference with the Deobandi school began when Maulana Ahmed Raza Khan Qadri objected in writing to some of the following beliefs of Deobandi scholars. *A founder of the Deobandi movement, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi stated that God has the ability to lie. This doctrine is called ''Imkan-i Kizb''. According to this doctrine, because God is omnipotent, God is capable of lying. Gangohi supported the doctrine that God has the ability to make additional prophets after Muhammad (''Imkan-i Nazir'') and other prophets equal to Muhammad. *He opposed the doctrine that Muhammad has knowledge of the unseen (''Ilm e Ghaib''). When Ahmed Raza Khan visited Mecca and Medina for pilgrimage in 1905, he prepared a draft document entitled ''Al Motamad Al Mustanad'' ("The Reliable Proofs"). In this work, Ahmad Raza branded Deobandi leaders such as

Ashraf Ali Thanwi Ashraf Ali Thanwi (often referred as Hakim al-Ummat and Mujaddid e Millet; 19 September 1863 – 20 July 1943) was a late-nineteenth and twentieth-century Sunni Islam, Sunni scholar, jurist, thinker, Mujaddid, reformist and the revival of classic ...

, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, and Muhammad

Qasim Nanotwi Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi (1832 – 15 April 1880) () was an Indian Sunni Hanafi Maturidi Islamic Scholar, theologian and a Sufi who was one of the main founders of the Deobandi Movement, starting from the Darul Uloom Deoband. Name and lin ...

and those who followed them as '' kuffar''. Khan collected scholarly opinions in the

Hejaz The Hejaz (, also ; ar, ٱلْحِجَاز, al-Ḥijāz, lit=the Barrier, ) is a region in the west of Saudi Arabia. It includes the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif, and Baljurashi. It is also known as the "Western Provin ...

and compiled them in an Arabic language compendium with the title, ''Hussam al Harmain'' ("The Sword of Two Sanctuaries"), a work containing 34 verdicts from 33 ulama (20 Meccan and 13 Medinese).*Siraj Khan, Blasphemy against the Prophet, in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture (Editors: Coeli Fitzpatrick and Adam Hani Walker), , pp. 59–67 *R Ibrahim (2013), Crucified Again, , pp. 100–101 However, Deobandis claim the evidence provided to the scholars in Arabia were fabricated and that Ahmed Raza Khans takfir of them was unjust. This work initiated a reciprocal series of fatwas between Barelvis and Deobandis lasting to the present.

Shia

Ahmed Raza Khan wrote various books against the beliefs and faith of Shia Muslims and declared various practices of Shia as kufr. He considered most Shiites of his day apostates because, he believed, they repudiated necessities of religion.

Wahabi Movement

Ahmed Raza Khan declared Wahabis as disbelievers (''kuffar'') and collected many fatwas of various scholars against the Wahhabi movement founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, who was predominant in the

Arabian peninsula The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate ...

, just as he had done with the Ahmadis and Deobandis. Until this day, Khan's followers remain opposed to the Wahhabi and their beliefs.

Permissibility of currency notes

In 1905, Khan, on the request of contemporaries from Hijaz, wrote a verdict on the permissibility of using paper as a form of currency, entitled ''Kifl-ul-Faqeehil fehim Fe Ahkam-e-Kirtas Drahim''.

Political views

Unlike other Muslim leaders in the region at the time, Khan and his movement opposed the Indian independence movement due to its leadership under Mahatma Gandhi, who was not a Muslim.R. Upadhyay
Barelvis and Deobandis: "Birds of the Same Feather"
Eurasia Review, courtesy of the South Asia Analysis Group. 28 January 2011. Imam Ahmed Raza Khan declared that India was Dar al-Islam and that Muslims enjoyed religious freedom there. According to him, those arguing the contrary merely wanted to take advantage of the provisions allowing Muslims living under the non-Muslim rule to collect interest from commercial transactions and had no desire to fight

Jihad Jihad (; ar, جهاد, jihād ) is an Arabic word which literally means "striving" or "struggling", especially with a praiseworthy aim. In an Islamic context, it can refer to almost any effort to make personal and social life conform with Go ...

or perform Hijra. Therefore, he opposed labeling British India to be

Dar al-Harb In classical Islamic law, the major divisions are ''dar al-Islam'' (lit. territory of Islam/voluntary submission to God), denoting regions where Islamic law prevails, ''dar al-sulh'' (lit. territory of treaty) denoting non-Islamic lands which have ...

("abode of war"), which meant that waging holy war against and migrating from India were inadmissible as they would cause disaster to the community. This view of Khan's was similar to other reformers Syed Ahmed Khan and

Ubaidullah Al Ubaidi Suhrawardy Ubaidullah Al Ubaidi Suhrawardy ( ar, عبيد الله العبيدي السهروردي, bn, ওবায়দুল্লাহ আল ওবায়দী সোহরাওয়ার্দী; 1832 – 9 February 1885) was a Bengali Is ...

. The Muslim League mobilized the Muslim masses to campaign for Pakistan, and many of Khan's followers played a significant and active role in the Pakistan Movement at educational and political fronts.

Legacy

Many religious schools, organizations, and research institutions teach Khan's ideas, which emphasize the primacy of Islamic law along with the adherence to Sufi practices and personal devotion to Muhammad.Usha Sanyal
Generational Changes in the Leadership of the Ahl-e Sunnat Movement in North India during the Twentieth Century
Modern Asian Studies (1998), Cambridge University Press

Recognition

* On 21 June 2010,

Muhammad al-Yaqoubi Muhammad Abul Huda al-Yaqoubi ( ar, محمد أبو الهدى اليعقوبي; born 7 May 1963) is a Syrian Islamic scholar and religious leader. He has opposed both Bashar al-Assad and Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Early life and background Al-Yaq ...

, a cleric and

from

Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...

, declared on

Takbeer TV Takbeer TV is a free-to-air Islamic TV Channel based in the United Kingdom. It can be viewed on Sky channel 749 as well as online and by certain satellite services. It was launched at a time when other Islamic channels were also being establishe ...

's program ''Sunni Talk'' that the Mujaddid of the Indian subcontinent was Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, and said that a follower of Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah can be identified by his love of Khan and that those outside of that those outside the Ahlus Sunnah are identified by their attacks on him. * Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938), a poet, Sufi, and philosopher, said: "I have carefully studied the decrees of Ahmed Raza and thereby formed this opinion; and his Fatawa bear testimony to his acumen, intellectual caliber, the quality of his creative thinking, his excellent jurisdiction and his ocean-like Islamic knowledge. Once Imam Ahmed Raza forms an opinion he stays firm on it; he expresses his opinion after a sober reflection. Therefore, the need never arises to withdraw any of his religious decrees and judgments. In another place he says, "Such a genius and intelligent jurist did not emerge." * Prof. Sir

Ziauddin Ahmad Sir Ziauddin Ahmad (born Ziauddin Ahmed Zuberi; 13 February 1873 – 23 December 1947) was an Indian mathematician, parliamentarian, logician, natural philosopher, politician, political theorist, educationist and a scholar.Aligarh University Aligarh Muslim University (abbreviated as AMU) is a public central university in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Orienta ...

, was once unable to find solutions to some mathematic algorithms, even after he took help from the mathematicians abroad. He decided to visit Germany for the solution but at the request of his friend Sayyed Suleman Ashraf who was a professor of Islamic Studies at

Aligarh University Aligarh Muslim University (abbreviated as AMU) is a public central university in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Orienta ...

and also the mureed (disciple) of Ahmed Raza, Ziauddin visited Ahmed Raza on a special visit to get answers to his difficult questions, and under the guidance of Ahmed Raza he finally succeeded in getting solutions. * Justice Naeemud'deen, Supreme Court of Pakistan: "Maulana Ahmad Raza's grand personality, a representation of our most esteemed ancestors, is history-making, and a history uni-central in his self. ... You may estimate his high status from the fact that he spent all his life in expressing the praise of the great and auspicious Holy Prophet (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم), in defending his veneration, in delivering speeches regarding his unique conduct, and in promoting and spreading the Law of Shariah which was revealed upon him for the entire humanity of all times. His renowned name is 'Muhammad' (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم), the Prophet of Almighty Allah. ... The valuable books written by an encyclopedic scholar like Ahmed Raza, in my view, are the lamps of light that will keep enlightened and radiant the hearts and minds of the men of knowledge and insight for a long time."

Societal influence

Ala Hazrat Express The 14311 / 14312 Ala Hazrat Express (via Ahmedabad) had been started in the memory of Ala Hazrat Ahmed Raza Khan,a reformer of the 19th century. About the Train Ala Hazrat Express The 14311/14312 Via Ahmedabad & 14321/14322 Via Bhildi Exp ...

is an express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Bareilly and Bhuj in India. * The Indian government issued a commemorative postal stamp in honor of Ahmad Raza Khan on 31 December 1995. * Aala Hazrat Haj House Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh * Aala Hazrat Hospital Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh * Ala Hazrat Terminal, Bareilly Airport, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh *

Raza Academy Raza may refer to: * Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi Islamic reformer * ''Raza'' (film), a 1942 Spanish film *S. H. Raza (1922–2016), Indian artist *Sardar Muhammad Raza, former Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan *Raheel Raza (born 1949), Canadia ...

Spiritual successors

Imam Ahmed Raza Khan had two sons and five daughters. His sons Hamid Raza Khan and Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri are celebrated scholars of Islam. Hamid Raza Khan was his appointed successor. After him

Mustafa Raza Khan Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri (1892–1981) was an Indian Muslim scholar and author, and leader of the Sunni Barelvi movement following the death of its founder, his father Ahmed Raza Khan. He was known as ''Mufti-Azam-i-Hind'' to his followers. I ...

succeeded his father, who then appointed

Akhtar Raza Khan Muhammad Akhtar Raza Khan Azhari (23 November 1943 – 20 July 2018), also known as Tajush Shari'ah or Azhari Miya, was an Indian Barelvi Muslim scholar, cleric and mufti. He was the great grandson of Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi who was considered ...

as his successor. His son, Mufti

Asjad Raza Khan Asjad Raza Khan, a descendant of Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, is an Indian Muslim cleric and son of former Grand Mufti of India, Akhtar Raza Khan. He is the president of Jama'at Raza-e-Mustafa. Statements and views Extreme ideologies must be r ...

now succeeds him as the spiritual leader. He had many disciples and successors, including 30 in the Indian subcontinent and 35 elsewhere. The following scholars are his notable successors: * Hamid Raza Khan (d. 1875/1943) *

(d. 1892/1981) *

Amjad Ali Aazmi Amjad Ali Aazmi (Urdu: مفتى أمجد على أعظمى) (November 1882 – 6 September 1948), also known with honorifics by followers as Sadr al-Shariah (Urdu: صدر الشريعه, Chief of the Islamic Law) Badr-e-Tariqat (Shining Moon of ...

(d. 1882/1948) * Muhammad Abdul Aleem Siddiqi *

Naeem-ud-Deen Muradabadi Naeem-ud-Deen Muradabadi (1887–1948), also known as Sadr ul-Afazil, was a twentieth-century jurist, scholar, mufti, Quranic exegete, and educator. He was a scholar of philosophy, geometry, logic and hadith and leader of All India Sunni Confer ...

*Zafaruddin Bihari (d. 1886/1962) *Abul Muhamid al-Ashrafi al-Jilani (d. 1894/1961) *Hashmat Ali Khan (d. 1901/1960) *

Maulana Ziauddin Madani Ziauddin Madani ( ur, ) was a Sufi also known as Qutb-e-Madina. He lived most of his life in Medina. He was born in 1877 in Sialkot and died on 2 October 1981. He was buried in Al-Baqi. He was an Islamic scholar and disciple of Imam Ahmad Raz ...

(d. 1877/1981)

Educational influence

There are thousands of madrassas and Islamic seminaries dedicated to his school of thought across the Indian Subcontinent. * Al Jamiatul Ashrafia is the main educational institute and learning center that provides

education. *

publishing house in Mumbai *Imam Ahmed Raza Academy Durban, South Africa

References

Bibliography

* Baraka, A. (2003). A Saviour in a Dark World (Article). ''The Islamic Times'', March 2003. Stockport, UK: Raza Academy. * * Haroon, Muhammad. (1994)
''The World Importance of Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi''
Stockport, UK: Raza Academy. * Imam, Muhammad Hassan. (2005)

* Azimbadi, Badr. (2005).''Great Personalities in Islam''. Adam Publishers.

External links

English books of Imam Ahmed Raza Qadri

Full Biography of Ala Hazrat in Urdu

Official website of Dargah Imam Ahmad Raza
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan Barelvi, Ahmed Rida Islam in India 1856 births 1921 deaths

Ahmed Ahmad ( ar, أحمد, ʾAḥmad) is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other spellings of the name include Ahmed and Ahmet. Etymology The word derives from the root (ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from the ve ...

Barelvi Barelvis Mujaddid Indian Sufis Sunni imams Critics of Shia Islam Hanafi fiqh scholars Hanafis Maturidis Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam Translators of the Quran into Urdu Writers in British India Barech Indian male poets Poets in British India Poets from Uttar Pradesh Muslim reformers Scholars from Uttar Pradesh People from Bareilly People from Bareilly district Founders of Indian schools and colleges 19th-century Indian poets 20th-century Indian poets 20th-century Indian non-fiction writers 20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam Indian Sunni Muslims Critics of Ahmadiyya Indian people of Pashtun descent