''Agathistoma lividomaculatum'', common name the West Indian tegula, is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

, a marine

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Tegulidae Tegulidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Trochoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).Bouchet, P. (2013). Tegulidae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971. Access ...

.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Agathistoma lividomaculatum (C. B. Adams, 1845). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1557227 on 2022-04-24

Description

The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 22 mm. The imperforate shell has a broadly ovate-conical shape. The color of the shell is a pale gray to brownish-white with small mottlings of dark brown or reddish brown. This mottling often occurs in axial streaks. The top of the rounded

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

s show numerous, small spiral cords, with the largest cord on the angular periphery. The sutures are narrow. The base of the shell is slightly rounded. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

is almost round and has a curved

lip The lips are the visible body part at the mouth of many animals, including humans. Lips are soft, movable, and serve as the opening for food intake and in the articulation of sound and speech. Human lips are a tactile sensory organ, and can be ...

. The inside of the lip is sulcate. The spiral platform descends into the deep and round umbilicus. It shows on its sides furrows of two spiral cords. The

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the wo ...

is set back far at its upper half and has several beads at its base.udubon, Field Guide to North American Seashells;

Distribution

This species occurs abundantly under rocks at low tide in the

Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; pap, Laman Karibe) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico ...

, the

Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico ( es, Golfo de México) is an oceanic basin, ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of ...

but rather uncommon in the

Florida Keys The Florida Keys are a coral cay archipelago located off the southern coast of Florida, forming the southernmost part of the continental United States. They begin at the southeastern coast of the Florida peninsula, about south of Miami, and e ...

; and off the

Lesser Antilles The Lesser Antilles ( es, link=no, Antillas Menores; french: link=no, Petites Antilles; pap, Antias Menor; nl, Kleine Antillen) are a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. Most of them are part of a long, partially volcanic island arc betwe ...

at depths between 0 m and 2 m.

References

* d'Orbigny, A. 1842. ''Mollusques. Histoire Physique, Politique et Naturelle de l'île de Cuba 2: 1-112'', pls. 10-21?. Arthus Bertrand: Paris. * Philippi, R. A. 1844. ''Trochus. Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien'' 1(6): 137–141, pl. 4 * Philippi, R. A. 1849. ''Centuria altera testaceorum novorum''. Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie 5: 99-112 * Rosenberg, G., F. Moretzsohn, and E. F. García. 2009. ''Gastropoda (Mollusca) of the Gulf of Mexico'', Pp. 579–699 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.

External links

*
Adams, C. B. (1845). Specierum novarum conchyliorum, in Jamaica repertorum, synopsis. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History. 2: 1-17

Philippi, R. A. (1842-1850). Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien unter Mithülfe mehrerer deutscher Conchyliologen. Cassel, T. Fischer: Vol. 1: 1-20

Tenison Woods, J. E. (1877). On some new Tasmanian marine shells. (Second series). Papers and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of Tasmania. (1876): 131-159

Dornellas, A. P.; Graboski, R. M.; Hellberg, M. E.; Lotufo, T. M. C. (2021). Phylogeography of Agathistoma (Turbinidae, Tegulinae) snails in tropical and southwestern Atlantic. Zoologica Scripta. DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12517
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agathistoma Lividomaculatum lividomaculatum Gastropods described in 1845