''Agaricus dulcidulus'' is a small
mushroom in the family
Agaricaceae of the
order
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
* Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...
Agaricales
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, alo ...
, found in
deciduous woodlands of
Europe, but also recorded in
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
,
North Africa and
Asia. The English name is rosy wood mushroom. Despite the tendency of some sources to
synonymize it with ''
Agaricus semotus
''Agaricus semotus'' is a woodland mushroom of the fungus order '' Agaricales''. It, like many of its relatives, can be found spread throughout wooded, moist areas in the southern United States, and has been found in areas ranging from Californi ...
'', this is a distinct taxon.
Description
Cap 2 to 7 cm, convex-rounded often with inflexed margins at first, then flattens when aging, covered in purple-brown to pinkish dense fibriles that fade in colours towards light grayish-pink from the centre towards margins.
The
gills are free from attachment to the stipe, dense, starting pale gray-brownish when young, then turning dark purple-brown with age, with a lighter crenulated edge. The
stipe is cylindrical, 2–5 cm long and 0.4–0.8 cm broad, bulbous or clavated at the base, whitish, slightly darkening toward the base in yellow-brownish tints. The
ring
Ring may refer to:
* Ring (jewellery), a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry
* To make a sound with a bell, and the sound made by a bell
:(hence) to initiate a telephone connection
Arts, entertainment and media Film and ...
, remnant of the veil present in young fructifications, is whitish, descendent, thin and fragile. The odor and taste resembles almonds.
The
spore print is dark brownish. The
spores are 4.5–6.0 x 3.5–4.0 μm on average,
nonamyloid
In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black stai ...
, and elliptical. The
flesh turns slightly in yellow when cut or bruised, sometime with orange tints in
stipe.
Macrochemical reactions: flesh turns orange and
pileus turns yellow in contact with 10%
KOH.
Other taxonomic considerations
Several characteristics like flesh yellowing on contact or in air, orange reaction with KOH, overall size, puts this species within ''Minores''
section of the genus ''
Agaricus'', along with ''
Agaricus comtulus
''Agaricus'' is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with over 400 members worldwide and possibly again as many disputed or newly-discovered species. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (''Agaricus bisp ...
'', ''
Agaricus xantholepis
''Agaricus'' is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with over 400 members worldwide and possibly again as many disputed or newly-discovered species. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (''Agaricus bis ...
'', ''
Agaricus porphyrizon'' and ''
Agaricus luteomaculatus
''Agaricus'' is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with over 400 members worldwide and possibly again as many disputed or newly-discovered species. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (''Agaricus bisp ...
''.
Habitat
''Agaricus dulcidulus'' is a
mycorrhiza
A mycorrhiza (from Greek μύκης ', "fungus", and ῥίζα ', "root"; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant ...
l species in close relation with different
oak species.
[LENTI, István. ''MUSHROOMS LIVING AMONG US: MUSHROOMS–WORLD OF BÁTORLIGET'' at 7th INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE Baia Mare, Romania, May 17–18, 2007, p. 409] The fungus prefers humid soil with rich decomposed leaves as a
substrate
Substrate may refer to:
Physical layers
*Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached
** Substrate (locomotion), the surface over which an organism lo ...
. The basidiocarps appear, depending on microclimatic conditions, in late July to early October.
Edibility
Although considered to be
edible, the small size and usually the sporadic presence prevents it from being widely eaten.
See also
*
List of ''Agaricus'' species
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q4691341
dulcidulus
Fungi described in 1874
Fungi of Africa
Fungi of Asia
Fungi of Europe
Fungi of North America