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The advanced learner's dictionary is the most common type of monolingual learner's dictionary, that is, a
''Open Dictionary of English''WordnikWiktionary
;Commercial
''Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary''''Collins COBUILD Advanced Dictionary''''Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English''''Macmillan English Dictionary'' Online''Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's English Dictionary''''Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Advanced Learner's Dictionary English dictionaries Dictionaries by type
The advanced learner's dictionary is the most common type of monolingual learner's dictionary, that is, a dictionary
A dictionary is a listing of lexemes from the lexicon of one or more specific languages, often arranged alphabetically (or by radical and stroke for ideographic languages), which may include information on definitions, usage, etymologies ...
written in one language only, for someone who is learning a foreign language. It differs from a bilingual
Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. More than half of all E ...
or translation
Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The ...
dictionary, a standard dictionary written for native speakers, or a children's dictionary. Its definitions are usually built on a restricted defining vocabulary. "Advanced" usually refers learners with a proficiency level of B2 or above according to the Common European Framework. Basic learner's dictionaries also exist.
Although these advanced dictionaries have been produced for learners of several languages (including Chinese, Dutch, German, and Spanish), the majority are written for learners of English.
Printed
The best-known advanced learner's dictionaries are: *'' Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary'', first published in 1948. *'' Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English'', first published in 1978. *'' Collins Cobuild English Dictionary'', first published in 1987 and now published as '' Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary''. *''Cambridge
Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...
International Dictionary of English'', first published in 1995 and now published as '' Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary''.
*''Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners
''Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners'', also known as ''MEDAL'', was first published in 2002 by Macmillan Education. ''MEDAL'' is an advanced learner’s dictionary and shares most of the features of this type of dictionary: it pro ...
'', first published in 2002.
*''Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster, Inc. is an American company that publishes reference books and is especially known for its dictionaries. It is the oldest dictionary publisher in the United States.
In 1831, George and Charles Merriam founded the company as ...
's Advanced Learner's English Dictionary'', first published in 2008.
Macmillan recently announced that the dictionary would no longer be available in print. So there are four popular learner's dictionaries for British English that are available in print (''Merriam-Webster's'' aims for American English).
Online
Online dictionary resources provide attractive support to advanced learners. TheOpen Dictionary of English
LearnThat Foundation is an American 501(c)3 nonprofit organization that develops and manages an online vocabulary and spelling program along with a free multimedia learners' dictionary, Open Dictionary of English (ODE). The foundation was fo ...
is specifically designed to serve as a learner's dictionary. Visitors can register for free, adaptive tutoring, which seamlessly integrates with the dictionary.
See also
* Comparison of English dictionariesFurther reading
* * *External links
;Crowdsourced''Open Dictionary of English''
;Commercial
''Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Advanced Learner's Dictionary English dictionaries Dictionaries by type