Adrià Gual i Queralt (;

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

, 1872–1943) was a

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and theatre businessman, founder of the Escola Catalana d'Art Dramàtic and a pioneer of

cinema Cinema may refer to: Film * Cinematography, the art of motion-picture photography * Film or movie, a series of still images that create the illusion of a moving image ** Film industry, the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking * ...

in Barcelona. He founded El Teatre Íntim (The Intimate Theatre). He was Director of the Catalan School of Drama and artistic director of the film production ''Barcinógrafo'' (1913). Document important were his memoirs, published posthumously: ''Mitja vida de teatre'' (Half Life Theatre, 1960). As a plastic artist, focused on a modernist style typical symbolist ("La rosada" The dew, MNAC). He was one of the leading graphic artists of Modernism, emphasizing their posters. Finally devoted their efforts to the set of works assembled by him. It is well represented in the Library of Catalonia, where even the twelve panels are preserved in oil painted for the Wagnerian Association, around 1902. He also dignify the Catalan drama, which he stood at the same level as in other modern nations. For this purpose he built a Catalan repertoire full of classics, contemporary and native size plays like

Aeschylus Aeschylus (, ; grc-gre, Αἰσχύλος ; c. 525/524 – c. 456/455 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian, and is often described as the father of tragedy. Academic knowledge of the genre begins with his work, and understanding of earlier Greek ...

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, Maragall,

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. At the same time, the creation of l' Escola Catalana d'Art Dramàtic (School of Dramatic Art, 1913–1934), the current seed of l'

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(Theatre Institute), helped institutionalize the Catalan theater. It was the first organization dedicated to teaching the performing arts. Aiming to renew the drama from head to toe Catalan sign nineteenth century, alternated eclectic references, from

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and

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, to Gabriele d'Annunzio and

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and aesthetic heterogeneous. Gual grew as a playwright at the height modernist and symbolist poetry was soaking his early works. '' Nocturn. Andante. Morat'' (1896) and '' Silenci'' (1898), with decadent atmosphere and a very suggestive correspondence between music and colors and words. The successful ''

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''(1904) inaugurated a new period. First, Gual opted for a dramatic style of drawing more realistic, melodramatic and social, which is quite visible in '' Els pobres menestrals'' (1908). On the other hand, with '' Blancaflor'' (1899) opts for a combination of myth and song. He also made a foray into comedy with '' Les alegres comediantes'' (1905). Still, he ventured into the poetic theater, characterized by verse, scenic wonder and atmosphere with legendary '' Donzell qui cerca muller'' (1910). In short, Adrià Gual regeneration, Europeanisation and the ennobling Catalan arts of the twentieth century

Theater

* ''Oh, Estrella!'' (1891) * ''La mosca vironera'' (1891) * ''La visita'' (1893) * ''L'últim hivern'' (1893) * ''La mar brama'' (1894) * ''Morts en vida'' (1894) * ''El perill'' (1895) * ''Nocturn (Audante Morat)'' (1895) * ''Blancaflor''(1897) * ''Silenci (Drama de món)'' (1898) * ''L'emigrant'' (1900) * ''Camí d'Orient'' (1901) * ''Misteri de dolor'' (1901) * ''Les alegres comediantes'' (1902) * ''La fi de Tomàs Reynald'' (1904) * ''Els pobres menestrals'' (1906) * ''Marcolf'' (1907) * ''La pobra Berta'' (1907) * ''Donzell qui cerca muller'' (1910) * ''En Jordi Flama'' (1911) * ''L'Arlequí vividor'' (1912) * ''La comèdia extraordinària de l'home que va perdre el temps'' (1913) * ''La gran família'' (1915) * ''Els avars'' (1916) * ''Shumann al vell casal'' (1916) * ''Els pastors en revolta'' (1916) * ''Les filoses'' (1916) * ''La serenata'' (1916) * ''Joan Ezequiel'' (1916) * ''Hores d'amor i de tristesa'' (1916) * ''Fígaro o la dama que s'avorria'' (1917) * ''La mentidera'' (1927) * ''El camí'' (1939)

Bibliography

*Adrià Gual, ''Mitja vida de teatre: memòries d'Adrià Gual'', Aedos, 1960. *Adrià Gual, ''Misteri de dolor'', dins ''Teatre modernista'', antologia a cura de Xavier Fàbregas, Edicions 62 i

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, MOLC 77. *''Adrià Gual, Mitja vida de modernisme'', Institut del Teatre, 1992. *Carles Batlle i Jordà, ''El teatre d'Adrià Gual: 1891-1902'', Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1998. *Carles Batlle i Jordà, ''Adria Gual (1891–1902): per un teatre simbolista'', Abadia de Montserrat, 2001. *Hermann Bonnin Llinàs, ''Adrià Gual i l'Escola Catalana d'Art Dramàtic (1913–1923)'', Dalmau, 1974. *Enric Ciurans, ''Adrià Gual'', Infiesta, col·lecció Gent nostra, 2000. *Miquel Porter Moix, ''Adrià Gual i el cinema primitiu català'', Universitat de Barcelona, 1985. *Ricard Salvat, ''Adrià Gual i la seva època'', Edicions 62, 1972. {{DEFAULTSORT:Gual, Adria 1872 births 1943 deaths Dramatists and playwrights from Catalonia Writers from Barcelona Modernisme writers