Edirne (, ), formerly known as Adrianople or Hadrianopolis (
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
: Άδριανούπολις), is a city in
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
, in the northwestern part of the
province of Edirne in
Eastern Thrace
Eastern may refer to:
Transportation
*China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai
*Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways
*Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991
*Eastern Air Li ...
. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second capital city of the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
from 1369 to 1453, before
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
became its capital.
The city is a commercial centre for woven textiles, silks, carpets and agricultural products and has a growing tourism industry. In 2019 its estimated population was 185,408.
Edirne has an attractive location on the rivers
Meriç and
Tunca and has managed to withstand some of the unattractive development that mars the outskirts of many Turkish cities.
The town is famous in Turkey for its liver. ''Ciğer tava'' (
breaded
Bread crumbs or breadcrumbs (regional variants including breading and crispies) consist of crumbled bread of various dryness, sometimes with seasonings added, used for breading or crumbing foods, topping casseroles, stuffing poultry, thicken ...
and
deep-fried
Deep frying (also referred to as deep fat frying) is a cooking method in which food is submerged in hot fat, traditionally lard but today most commonly oil, as opposed to the shallow oil used in conventional frying done in a frying pan. Norma ...
liver
The liver is a major organ only found in vertebrates which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. In humans, it ...
) is often served with a side of
cacık
Tzatziki ( el, τζατζίκι), also known as tarator or cacık (), is a dip, soup, or sauce found in the cuisines of Southeast Europe and the Middle East. It is made of salted strained yogurt or diluted yogurt mixed with cucumbers, garli ...
, a dish of diluted
strained yogurt with chopped cucumber.
Names and etymology
The city was founded and named after the Roman emperor
Hadrian as ''Hadrianopolis'' ( in English, ; in
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
) on the site of an earlier
Thracian
The Thracians (; grc, Θρᾷκες ''Thrāikes''; la, Thraci) were an Indo-European speaking people who inhabited large parts of Eastern and Southeastern Europe in ancient history.. "The Thracians were an Indo-European people who occupied ...
settlement named ''Uskudama''.
The Ottoman name ''Edrine'' (ادرنه) is derived from the Greek name. The name ''Adrianople'' was used in English until the Turkish adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1928, after which ''Edirne'' became the internationally recognised name.
The city's name in other European languages - bg, Одрин, Odrin (),
Romanian
Romanian may refer to:
*anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania
**Romanians, an ethnic group
**Romanian language, a Romance language
*** Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language
** Romanian cuisine, tradition ...
and rup, Odrina, sq, Edrenë, sl, Odrin, sr, Једрене, Jedrene and hu, Drinápoly - is adapted from either ''Hadrianopolis'' or ''Edirne''.
History
![Selimiye_Mosque_026](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Selimiye_Mosque_026.jpg)
The area around Edirne has been the site of
numerous major battles and sieges starting from the days of the
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post- Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediter ...
. The vagaries of the border region between Asia and Europe gave rise to Edirne's claim to be the most frequently contested spot on earth.
Antiquity
The city was refounded by the Roman Emperor
Hadrian on the site of a previous
Thracian settlement known as ''Uskadama'', ''Uskudama'', ''Uskodama'' or ''Uscudama''.
Hadrian developed it, adorned it with monuments, and changed its name to ''Hadrianopolis'' (which would later be pronounced ''Adrianopolis'' and
Anglicised as ''Adrianople'').
Licinius
Valerius Licinianus Licinius (c. 265 – 325) was Roman emperor from 308 to 324. For most of his reign he was the colleague and rival of Constantine I, with whom he co-authored the Edict of Milan, AD 313, that granted official toleration to C ...
was
defeated here by
Constantine I
Constantine I ( , ; la, Flavius Valerius Constantinus, ; ; 27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337, the first one to Constantine the Great and Christianity, convert to Christiani ...
in 324, and Emperor
Valens
Valens ( grc-gre, Ουάλης, Ouálēs; 328 – 9 August 378) was Roman emperor from 364 to 378. Following a largely unremarkable military career, he was named co-emperor by his elder brother Valentinian I, who gave him the eastern half of ...
was killed by the
Goths
The Goths ( got, 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰, translit=''Gutþiuda''; la, Gothi, grc-gre, Γότθοι, Gótthoi) were a Germanic people who played a major role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of medieval Europe ...
here during the
Battle of Adrianople
The Battle of Adrianople (9 August 378), sometimes known as the Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between an Eastern Roman army led by the Eastern Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic A ...
in 378.
Medieval and early Ottoman periods
![Cihan-numa-kasri](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Cihan-numa-kasri.jpg)
In 813, the city was temporarily seized by
Khan Krum of Bulgaria
Krum ( bg, Крум, el, Κροῦμος/Kroumos), often referred to as Krum the Fearsome ( bg, Крум Страшни) was the Khan of Bulgaria from sometime between 796 and 803 until his death in 814. During his reign the Bulgarian territor ...
who moved its inhabitants to the
Bulgarian lands north of the Danube.
During the period of the
Latin Empire
The Latin Empire, also referred to as the Latin Empire of Constantinople, was a feudal Crusader state founded by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade on lands captured from the Byzantine Empire. The Latin Empire was intended to replace the Byzant ...
of Constantinople, the Crusaders were defeated by the
Bulgarian Emperor
In the medieval history of Europe, Bulgaria's status as the Bulgarian Empire ( bg, Българско царство, ''Balgarsko tsarstvo'' ) occurred in two distinct periods: between the seventh and the eleventh centuries and again between the ...
Kaloyan
Kaloyan or Kalojan, also known as Ioannitsa or Johannitsa ( bg, Калоян, Йоаница; 1170 – October 1207), was emperor or tsar of Bulgaria from 1196 to 1207. He was the younger brother of Theodor and Asen, who led the anti-Byzant ...
at the
Battle of Adrianople
The Battle of Adrianople (9 August 378), sometimes known as the Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between an Eastern Roman army led by the Eastern Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic A ...
in 1205. In 1206 the Latin regime gave Adrianople and the surrounding area to the Byzantine aristocrat
Theodore Branas
Theodore Branas or Vranas ( el, , ''Theodōros Branas''), sometimes called Theodore Komnenos Branas, was a general under the Byzantine Empire and afterwards under the Latin Empire of Constantinople. Under the Latin regime he was given the title Ca ...
as a hereditary fief.
Theodore Komnenos,
Despot of Epirus
The despot of Epirus was the ruler of the Despotate of Epirus, one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. The name "Despotate of Epirus" and the title "despot of Epirus" are modern historiographical ...
, took possession of it in 1227, but three years later
was defeated at Klokotnitsa by Emperor
Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria
Ivan Asen II, also known as John Asen II ( bg, Иван Асен II, ; 1190s – May/June 1241), was Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1218 to 1241. He was still a child when his father Ivan Asen I one of the founders of the Second Bulgarian Empi ...
.
In 1362, the
Ottomans under Sultan
Murad I
Murad I ( ota, مراد اول; tr, I. Murad, Murad-ı Hüdavendigâr (nicknamed ''Hüdavendigâr'', from fa, خداوندگار, translit=Khodāvandgār, lit=the devotee of God – meaning "sovereign" in this context); 29 June 1326 – 15 Jun ...
invaded Thrace and Murad
captured Adrianople, probably in 1369 (the date is disputed). The city became "Edirne" in Turkish, reflecting the Turkish pronunciation and Murad moved the Ottoman capital here from
Bursa.
Mehmed the Conqueror
Mehmed II ( ota, محمد ثانى, translit=Meḥmed-i s̱ānī; tr, II. Mehmed, ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( ota, ابو الفتح, Ebū'l-fetḥ, lit=the Father of Conquest, links=no; tr, Fâtih Su ...
(Sultan Mehmed II) was born in Adrianople, where he came under the influence of
Hurufis dismissed by
Taşköprüzade
Taşköprüzade or Taşköprülüzade Ahmet (); variant Aḥmad ibn Muṣṭafá ibn Khalīl Ṭāshkubrīʹzādah () (3 December 1494 – 16 April 1561) was an Ottoman historian-chronicler living during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, wh ...
in the ''Şakaiki Numaniye'' as '
certain accursed ones of no significance', who were
burnt as heretics by
Mahmud Pasha.
The city remained the seat of Ottoman power until 1453, when Mehmed II took
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
(present-day
Istanbul
)
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code = 34000 to 34990
, area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side)
, registration_plate = 34
, blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD
, blank_i ...
) and moved the capital there. The importance of Edirne to the early Ottomans explains the plethora of early Ottoman mosques, medreses and other monuments that have survived until today although the Eski Sarayı (Old Palace) was largely destroyed, leaving only relatively slight remains. Also, there is evidence of a ''
scriptorium
Scriptorium (), literally "a place for writing", is commonly used to refer to a room in medieval European monasteries devoted to the writing, copying and illuminating of manuscripts commonly handled by monastic scribes.
However, lay scribes an ...
'' in the Ottoman's Edirne palace during this period.
Later Ottoman period
That Adrianople/Edirne continued to hold an important place in Ottoman hearts is reflected in the fact that Sultan
Mehmed IV
Mehmed IV ( ota, محمد رابع, Meḥmed-i rābi; tr, IV. Mehmed; 2 January 1642 – 6 January 1693) also known as Mehmed the Hunter ( tr, Avcı Mehmed) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687. He came to the throne at the a ...
left the palace in Constantinople to die here in 1693.
The wife of the British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire,
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (née Pierrepont; 15 May 168921 August 1762) was an English aristocrat, writer, and poet. Born in 1689, Lady Mary spent her early life in England. In 1712, Lady Mary married Edward Wortley Montagu, who later served a ...
, spent six weeks in Edirne (then Adrianople) in the spring of 1717 and left an account of her experiences there in her ''The Turkish Embassy Letters''. Wearing Turkish dress, Montagu witnessed the passage of
Sultan Ahmed III to the mosque, visited the young wife-to-be of his vizier,
Damad Ibrahim Pasha
Damat Ibrahim Pasha ( tr, Damat İbrahim Paşa, sh, Damat Ibrahim-paša; 1517–1601) was an Ottoman military commander and statesman who held the office of grand vizier three times (the first time from 4 April to 27 October 1596; the second t ...
and was shown around the Selimiye Mosque.
![280713-2114AA](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/280713-2114AA.jpg)
Adrianople was briefly occupied by imperial Russian troops in 1829 during the
Greek War of Independence and in 1878 during the
Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. The city suffered a fire in 1905. At that time it had about 80,000 inhabitants, of whom 30,000 were Turks; 22,000 Greeks; 10,000 Bulgarians; 4,000 Armenians; 12,000 Jews; and 2,000 more citizens of unclassified ethnic/religious backgrounds.
Adrianople was a vital fortress defending Constantinople and
Eastern Thrace
Eastern may refer to:
Transportation
*China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai
*Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways
*Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991
*Eastern Air Li ...
during the
Balkan Wars of 1912–13. It was briefly occupied by the Bulgarians in 1913, following the
Siege of Adrianople. The Great Powers – Britain, Italy, France and Russia – attempted to coerce the Ottoman Empire into ceding Adrianople to
Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...
during the temporary winter truce of the
First Balkan War
The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...
. The belief that the government was willing to give up the city created a scandal for the Ottoman government in Constantinople (as Adrianople was a former capital of the Empire), leading to the
1913 Ottoman coup d'état
The 1913 Ottoman coup d'état (January 23, 1913), also known as the Raid on the Sublime Porte ( tr, Bâb-ı Âlî Baskını), was a coup d'état carried out in the Ottoman Empire by a number of Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) members led b ...
led by the
Committee of Union and Progress
The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى جمعيتی, translit=İttihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti, script=Arab), later the Union and Progress Party ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى فرقهسی, translit=İttihad ve Tera ...
(CUP) under
Enver Pasha. Although it was victorious in the coup, the CUP was unable to stop the Bulgarians from capturing the city after fighting resumed in the spring. Despite relentless pressure from the Great Powers, the Ottoman empire never officially ceded the city to Bulgaria.
Edirne was swiftly reconquered by the Ottomans during the
Second Balkan War
The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 ( O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913. Serbian and Greek armies r ...
under the leadership of
Enver Pasha (who proclaimed himself the "second conqueror of Adrianople" after
Murad I
Murad I ( ota, مراد اول; tr, I. Murad, Murad-ı Hüdavendigâr (nicknamed ''Hüdavendigâr'', from fa, خداوندگار, translit=Khodāvandgār, lit=the devotee of God – meaning "sovereign" in this context); 29 June 1326 – 15 Jun ...
) following the collapse of the Bulgarian army in the region.
The entire Armenian population of the city was deported to Syria and Mesopotamia during the
Armenian genocide
The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), it was implemented primarily through t ...
on 27–28 October 1915 and 17–18 February 1916. Their property and businesses were sold at low prices to Turkish Muslims.
During the
Greek War of Independence, the
Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) and the
Balkan Wars (1912-1913), Balkan-Muslims fled to Edirne and became known as
Muhacir
Muhacir or Muhajir (from ar, مهاجر, translit=muhājir, lit=migrant) are the estimated 10 million Ottoman Muslim citizens, and their descendants born after the onset of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, mostly Turks but also Albanians ...
.
Administrative arrangements
Adrianople was a
sanjak
Sanjaks (liwāʾ) (plural form: alwiyāʾ)
* Armenian: նահանգ (''nahang''; meaning "province")
* Bulgarian: окръг (''okrǔg''; meaning "county", "province", or "region")
* el, Διοίκησις (''dioikēsis'', meaning "province" ...
centre during the Ottoman period and was bound to, successively, the
Rumeli Eyalet
The Eyalet of Rumeli, or Eyalet of Rumelia ( ota, ایالت روم ایلی, ), known as the Beylerbeylik of Rumeli until 1591, was a first-level province ('' beylerbeylik'' or '' eyalet'') of the Ottoman Empire encompassing most of the Balkans ( ...
and
Silistre Eyalet before becoming a provincial capital of the Eyalet of Edirne at the beginning of the 19th century; until 1878, the Eyalet of Adrianople comprised the
sanjak
Sanjaks (liwāʾ) (plural form: alwiyāʾ)
* Armenian: նահանգ (''nahang''; meaning "province")
* Bulgarian: окръг (''okrǔg''; meaning "county", "province", or "region")
* el, Διοίκησις (''dioikēsis'', meaning "province" ...
s of Edirne,
Tekfurdağı,
Gelibolu
Gelibolu, also known as Gallipoli (from el, Καλλίπολις, ''Kallipolis'', "Beautiful City"), is the name of a town and a district in Çanakkale Province of the Marmara Region, located in Eastern Thrace in the European part of Turkey on t ...
,
Filibe, and
İslimye. After land reforms in 1867, the Eyalet of Adrianople became the
Vilayet of Adrianople
The Vilayet of Adrianople or Vilayet of Edirne ( ota, ولايت ادرنه; ''Vilâyet-i Edirne'') was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire.
This vilayet was split between Turkey and Greece in 1923, culminating i ...
.
Turkish Republic
Adrianople/Edirne was ceded to Greece by the
Treaty of Sèvres
The Treaty of Sèvres (french: Traité de Sèvres) was a 1920 treaty signed between the Allies of World War I and the Ottoman Empire. The treaty ceded large parts of Ottoman territory to France, the United Kingdom, Greece and Italy, as well ...
in 1920, but recaptured and annexed by Turkey after the Greek defeat at the end of the
Greco-Turkish War, also known as the Western Front of the larger
Turkish War of Independence
The Turkish War of Independence "War of Liberation", also known figuratively as ''İstiklâl Harbi'' "Independence War" or ''Millî Mücadele'' "National Struggle" (19 May 1919 – 24 July 1923) was a series of military campaigns waged by th ...
, in 1922. Under the Greek administration, Edirne (officially known as Adrianople) was the capital of the
Adrianople Prefecture.
From 1934 onwards Edirne was the seat of the
Second Inspectorate General, in which an Inspector General governed the provinces of
Edirne
Edirne (, ), formerly known as Adrianople or Hadrianopolis ( Greek: Άδριανούπολις), is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders ...
,
Çanakkale
Çanakkale (pronounced ), ancient ''Dardanellia'' (), is a city and seaport in Turkey in Çanakkale province on the southern shore of the Dardanelles at their narrowest point. The population of the city is 195,439 (2021 estimate).
Çanakkale is ...
,
Tekirdaĝ and
Kırklareli
Kırklareli () is a city within Kırklareli Province in the European part of Turkey.
Name
It is not clearly known when the city was founded, nor under what name. The Byzantine Greeks called it Sarànta Ekklisiès (''Σαράντα Εκκλησι ...
. The Inspectorate Generals governmental posts were abandoned in 1948,
but the legal framework for them was only abolished in 1952 during the government of the
Democrat Party.
Ecclesiastical history
![Edirne_-_2014](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Edirne_-_2014.10.22_%2820%29.JPG)
Adrianople was made the seat of a Greek
metropolitan and of an
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
bishop. It is also the centre of a Bulgarian diocese but this is not recognised and has been deprived of a bishop. The city also had some Protestants. The few, mainly foreign Latin Catholics were dependent on the vicariate-apostolic of Constantinople. Adrianople also contained the parish of St. Anthony of Padua (Minors Conventual) and a school for girls conducted by the
Sisters of Charity
Many religious communities have the term Sisters of Charity in their name. Some ''Sisters of Charity'' communities refer to the Vincentian tradition, or in America to the tradition of Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton, but others are unrelated. The ...
of
Agram. The suburb of
Karaağaç contained a church (
Minor Conventuals), a school for boys (Assumptionists) and a school for girls (Oblates of the Assumption). Each of its mission stations, at
Tekirdağ
Tekirdağ (; see also its other names) is a city in Turkey. It is located on the north coast of the Sea of Marmara, in the region of East Thrace. In 2019 the city's population was 204,001.
Tekirdağ town is a commercial centre with a harbour ...
and
Alexandroupoli
Alexandroupolis ( el, Αλεξανδρούπολη, ), Alexandroupoli, or Alexandrople is a city in Greece and the capital of the Evros regional unit. It is the largest city in Western Thrace and the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace. It h ...
, had a school (Minor Conventuals), and there was one at
Gallipoli (the Assumptionists).
Around 1850, from the standpoint of the
Eastern Catholic Churches
The Eastern Catholic Churches or Oriental Catholic Churches, also called the Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Eastern Rite Catholicism, or simply the Eastern Churches, are 23 Eastern Christian autonomous ('' sui iuris'') particular churches of t ...
, Adrianople was the residence of a Bulgarian
vicar-apostolic for the 4,600 Eastern Catholics of the Ottoman vilayet (province) of Thrace and after 1878 - of the
principality of Bulgaria. They had eighteen parishes or missions, six of which were in the principality, with twenty churches or chapels, thirty-one priests, of whom six were
Assumptionists and six were Resurrectionists; and eleven schools with 670 pupils. In Adrianople itself there were only a few United Bulgarians, with an Episcopal church of St. Elias, and the churches of St. Demetrius and Sts. Cyril and Methodius. The last is served by the
Resurrectionists, who also have a college with ninety pupils. In the suburb of Karaağaç, the
Assumptionists have a parish and a seminary with fifty pupils. Besides the Eastern Catholic Bulgarians, the above statistics included the Greek Catholic missions of Malgara (now Malkara) and Daoudili (now Davuteli village in Malkara), with four priests and 200 faithful, because from the civil point of view belonged to the
Bulgarian Vicariate.
Later however, the Roman Catholic diocese was discontinued, and exists only in name as a
titular metropolitan archbishopric, under the full name ''Hadrianopolis in Haemimonto'' to distinguish it from several other titular sees named Hadrianopolis.
In 2018, archaeologists discovered remains of a
Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...
church. The church was built around 500 AD and it was an early Byzantine period building.
Geography
Climate
Edirne has a borderline
humid subtropical
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
(''Cfa'') and
hot-summer Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate (also called a dry summer temperate climate ''Cs'') is a temperate climate sub-type, generally characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, fairly wet winters; these weather conditions are typically experienced in the ...
(''Csa'') in the
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
, and a temperate
oceanic climate (''Do'') in the
Trewartha climate classification
The Trewartha climate classification (TCC) or the Köppen–Trewartha climate classification (KTC) is a climate classification system first published by American geographer Glenn Thomas Trewartha in 1966. It is a modified version of the Köppen ...
. Edirne has hot, moderately dry summers and chilly, wet and often snowy winters.
Attractions
![TreatyOfLausanneMonumentEdirne_(3)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/TreatyOfLausanneMonumentEdirne_%283%29.JPG)
Edirne is famed for its many mosques, medreses and other Ottoman monuments.
Mosques
The
Selimiye Mosque, built in 1575 and designed by Turkey's greatest architect,
Mimar Sinan
Mimar Sinan ( ota, معمار سينان, translit=Mi'mâr Sinân, , ) ( 1488–1490 – 17 July 1588) also known as Koca Mi'mâr Sinân Âğâ, ("Sinan Agha the Grand Architect" or "Grand Sinan") was the chief Ottoman architect ( tr, l ...
(c. 1489/1490–1588), is the most important monument in the city and became a UNESCO world heritage site in 2011.t has the highest
minarets in Turkey, at . Sinan himself believed the dome to be higher than that of
Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia ( 'Holy Wisdom'; ; ; ), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque ( tr, Ayasofya-i Kebir Cami-i Şerifi), is a mosque and major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The cathedral was originally built as a Greek Ortho ...
, the former
Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...
Orthodox Cathedral in
Istanbul
)
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code = 34000 to 34990
, area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side)
, registration_plate = 34
, blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD
, blank_i ...
, but modern measuring methods seem to suggest otherwise. Named after Sultan
Selim II (r. 1566–1574) who commissioned it but did not live to see its completion, the mosque is decorated with Turkish marble and magnificent İznik tiles. It is the centre of a considerable complex of contemporary buildings.
Work started on the Eski Cami (
Old Mosque) in1403 but was not completed until 1422. It was designed is what is usually thought of as the
Bursa style. Even finer is the
Üç Şerefli Mosque (Three-Balconied Mosque) which was built between 1437 and 1447 for Sultan Murad II. It was the largest mosque built in the Ottoman provinces before the
conquest of Constantinople
The Fall of Constantinople, also known as the Conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire. The city fell on 29 May 1453 as part of the culmination of a 53-day siege which had begun o ...
. Both these mosques are in the centre of Edirne.
Further away from the centre, the
complex of Sultan Beyazid II, built between 184 and 1488, and has a lovely semi-rural location. It is the most complete surviving mosque complex in Edirne, consisting of an ''imaret'' (soup kitchen), ''darüşşifa'' (hospital), ''timarhane'' (asylum), hospice, ''tıp medrese'' (medical school), ''tabhane'' (accommodation for dervishes) bakery and assorted depots. Some parts of the complex now house a museum to the history of Islamic medicine.
Edirne Palace
Edirne Palace ( ota, Saray-ı Cedid-i Amire for "New Imperial Palace") in the Sarayiçi quarter, was built in the reign of
Murad II
Murad II ( ota, مراد ثانى, Murād-ı sānī, tr, II. Murad, 16 June 1404 – 3 February 1451) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1444 and again from 1446 to 1451.
Murad II's reign was a period of important economic deve ...
(r. 1421–1444) but was destroyed in 1877, during the Russo-Turkish War. The palace gate and kitchen have since been restored. The ''Kasr-ı Adalet'' ("Justice Castle"), originally built as part of the palace complex, stands intact next to the small
Fatih Bridge
Fatih Bridge ( tr, Fatih Köprüsü), a.k.a. Bönce Bridge, is a historic Ottoman bridge in Edirne, Turkey. It crosses the Tunca,Ottoman Architecture, John Freely, page 87, 2011 connecting Edirne Palace to the city.
Constructed by the Ottoman ...
over the
Tunca river.
The splendid appearance of the palace in the late 1460s when it glistened with gold, silver and marble was described by Kritovoulos of İmbros in his ''History of Mehmed the Conqueror.''
Other religious monuments
Dating back to 1909, the
Grand Synagogue of Edirne was restored and re-opened in March 2015.
A Roman Catholic and two Bulgarian Orthodox churches are also to be found in the city.
Other historic monuments
Edirne has three historic covered
bazaars: the Kavaflar Arastası (Cobblers Arcade), next to the Selimiye Mosque and constructed to bring in an income to support the
külliye
A külliye ( ota, كلية) is a complex of buildings associated with Turkish architecture centered on a mosque and managed within a single institution, often based on a waqf (charitable foundation) and composed of a madrasa, a Dar al-Shifa ("c ...
; the Bedesten next to the Eski Cami which was supported by the income from the shops; and the Semiz Ali Paşa Çarşısı (Ali Pasha Bazaar, AKA Kapalı Çarşı), another work of
Sinan
Sinan (Arabic: سنان ''sinān'') is a name found in Arabic and Pre-Islamic Arabic inscriptions, Early Arabic, meaning ''spearhead''. The name may also be related to the Ancient Greek name Sinon. It was used as a male given name.
Etymology
Th ...
dating back to 1568. The Kavaflar Arastası is the place to come to buy miniature versions of the handmade brooms with mirrors set into them that used to play a part in marriage ceremonies as well as to buy soap in the shape of fruits.
Of the original Roman Hadrianopolis only slight remains of the fortifications survive near the so-called Macedonian Tower, itself probably a part of the defences although much patched-up and altered over the ensuing centuries.
Edirne Museum (Edirne Müzesi) contains collections of local archaeology and ethnography. In the grounds outside can be seen an example of the sort of dolmen to be seen at nearby Lalapaşa.
In the town centre stand the
Rüstem Pasha
Rüstem Pasha (; ota, رستم پاشا; 1505 – 10 July 1561) was an Ottoman statesman who served as Grand Vizier to Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent. Rüstem Pasha is also known as Damat Rüstem Pasha (the epithet '' damat'' meaning 'son ...
(1560-61) and Ekmekcioğlu Ahmed Pasha
caravanserais
A caravanserai (or caravansary; ) was a roadside inn where travelers ( caravaners) could rest and recover from the day's journey. Caravanserais supported the flow of commerce, information and people across the network of trade routes covering ...
, designed to accommodate travellers - in the case of the Rüstem Pasha by Mimar Sinan - in the 16th century. The Rüstem Pasha Caravanerai now serves as the Kervansaray Hotel.
The
Balkan Wars Memorial Cemetery is located close to the ruins of the Edirne Palace, with an Unknown Soldier monument featuring an Ottoman soldier in front of its entrance.
The
Meriç and
Tunca rivers, which flow around west and south of the city, are crossed by elegant
arched bridges dating back to early Ottoman times.
The historic
Karaağaç railway station has been restored to house
Trakya University
Trakya University ( tr, Trakya Üniversitesi), was established on July 20, 1982. The university is located in Edirne, at Turkey's European side (Eastern Thrace). Trakya University is a regional university with institutions and schools spread o ...
's Faculty of Fine Arts.
The
Treaty of Lausanne Monument and Museum are in the surrounding park.
Festivals
![Yagli_gures5](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Yagli_gures5.jpg)
The
Kırkpınar
Kırkpınar is a Turkish oil wrestling ( tr, yağlı güreş) tournament where Pehlivans (wrestlers) compete for three days. It is held annually, usually in late June, near Edirne, Turkey since 1360. In the finals held on the last day, the first ...
oil-wrestling tournament is held every year in late June or early July.
Kakava Kakava is a celebration event of Romani people in Turkey. Its place of origin is East Thrace in Turkey.
Events
The belief that a Savior ''Baba Fingo'' would come and rescue them is immortal in the Romani folklore of the Romanlar in Turkey. It is ...
, an international festival celebrated by the
Romani people in Turkey
The Romani people in Turkey ( tr, Türkiye'deki Romanlar) or Turks of Romani Background ( tr, Roman kökenli Türk) are Turkish citizen and the biggest subgroup of the Turkish Roma, they are Sunni muslims, mostly of Sufism branch,https://acikb ...
is held on 5-6 May each year.
Bocuk Gecesi is a festival of Balkan origin celebrated in mid-January on what is expected to be the coldest day of the year. It is a sort of Turish take on Halloween.
Economy
![AliPaşaÇarşısıEdirne (2)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/AliPa%C5%9Fa%C3%87ar%C5%9F%C4%B1s%C4%B1Edirne_%282%29.JPG)
Edirne's economy largely depends on agriculture. 73% of the working population work in agriculture, fishing, forests and hunting. The lowlands are productive. Corn, sugarbeets and sunflowers are the leading crops. Melons, watermelons, rice, tomatoes, eggplants and viniculture are important.
The through highway that connects Europe to
Istanbul
)
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code = 34000 to 34990
, area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side)
, registration_plate = 34
, blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD
, blank_i ...
,
Anatolia
Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The ...
and the Middle East passes through Edirne.
Industry is developing. Agriculture-based industries (agro-industries) are especially important for the city's economy.
Education
Universities
*
Trakya University
Trakya University ( tr, Trakya Üniversitesi), was established on July 20, 1982. The university is located in Edirne, at Turkey's European side (Eastern Thrace). Trakya University is a regional university with institutions and schools spread o ...
, which is linked with
Lörrach University through the
Erasmus programme of the
EU.
High schools
*
Beykent Educational Institutions
* 80th Year of Republic Anatolian High School (80. Yıl Cumhuriyet Anadolu Lisesi in Turkish)
* Edirne Anatolian Teacher Training High School (Edirne Anadolu Öğretmen Lisesi in Turkish: It has been transformed into Edirne Social Sciences High School)
* Edirne Anatolian Technical High School (Edirne Anadolu Teknik Lisesi in Turkish)
*
Edirne Beykent High School of Science (Özel Edirne Beykent Fen Lisesi)
*
Edirne Beykent High School of Anatolian (Özel Edirne Beykent Anadolu Lisesi)
* Edirne High School (Anatolian High School) (Edirne Lisesi in Turkish)
* Edirne Ilhami Ertem High School (Edirne İlhami Ertem Lİsesi in Turkish)
* Edirne Industrial Vocational High School (Edirne Endüstri Meslek Lisesi in Turkish)
* Edirne Milli Piyango Trade Profession High School (Edirne Milli Piyango Ticaret Meslek Lisesi)
* Edirne Suleyman Demirel Science & Maths High School (Edirne Fen Lisesi in Turkish)
* Edirne Yildirim Anatolian High School (Edirne Anadolu Lisesi - Yıldırım Anadolu Lisesi in Turkish)
* Edirne Fine Arts High School (Edirne Güzel Sanatlar Lisesi in Turkish)
Gallery
File:GrandSynagogueEdirne (5).JPG, Interior view of the Grand Synagogue of Edirne
File:Selimiye Mosque Mosque 0170.jpg, Interior view of the Selimiye Mosque, Edirne
The Selimiye Mosque ( tr, Selimiye Camii) is an Ottoman imperial mosque, which is located in the city of Edirne (formerly Adrianople), Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II, and was built by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan b ...
File:Selimiye Mosque 3.JPG, View of the Selimiye Mosque, Edirne
The Selimiye Mosque ( tr, Selimiye Camii) is an Ottoman imperial mosque, which is located in the city of Edirne (formerly Adrianople), Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II, and was built by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan b ...
File:Nagymecset - Edirne, 2014.10.22 (11).JPG, View of the Selimiye Mosque, Edirne
The Selimiye Mosque ( tr, Selimiye Camii) is an Ottoman imperial mosque, which is located in the city of Edirne (formerly Adrianople), Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II, and was built by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan b ...
File:HistoricHouseEdirne (4).JPG, A house in Edirne from the Ottoman period
File:Edirne Old Mosque 2846.jpg, Interior of Eski Cami (Old Mosque)
File:HistoricSchoolBuildingEdirne.JPG, A historic elementary school building
File:MeriçBridgeEdirne.JPG, Meriç Bridge
File:Edirnedowntown.jpg, Edirne Main Street
File:IV. Mehmet Av Köşkü - panoramio (1).jpg, Mehmet IV Hunting Lodge
File:Sts. Constantine and Helen Church (Edirne), Front.jpg, Sts. Constantine and Helena Bulgarian Church
File:FatihBridge&Kasr-ıAdaletEdirne.JPG, Fatih Bridge
Fatih Bridge ( tr, Fatih Köprüsü), a.k.a. Bönce Bridge, is a historic Ottoman bridge in Edirne, Turkey. It crosses the Tunca,Ottoman Architecture, John Freely, page 87, 2011 connecting Edirne Palace to the city.
Constructed by the Ottoman ...
over the Tunca River, with the Kasr-ı Adalet (Justice Pavilion) tower in the background
File:Ghazi Mihal Mosque.jpg, Ghazi Mihal Mosque
File:Muradiye mosque 3447.jpg, Part of Muradiye Mosque mihrab
File:Muradiye mosque 3468.jpg, Muradiye Mosque front
File:Roman Walls and Tower 0209.jpg, A Roman Tower still standing
Quarters
Twin cities
Notable people
;Sultans
*
Bayezid I
Bayezid I ( ota, بايزيد اول, tr, I. Bayezid), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt ( ota, link=no, یلدیرم بايزيد, tr, Yıldırım Bayezid, link=no; – 8 March 1403) was the Ottoman Sultan from 1389 to 1402. He adopted ...
(1360—1403), Ottoman sultan from 1389 to 1402
*
Mahmud I (1696—1754), Ottoman sultan from 1730 to 1754
*
Mehmed the Conqueror
Mehmed II ( ota, محمد ثانى, translit=Meḥmed-i s̱ānī; tr, II. Mehmed, ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( ota, ابو الفتح, Ebū'l-fetḥ, lit=the Father of Conquest, links=no; tr, Fâtih Su ...
(1432–1481), Ottoman sultan who conquered Constantinople (today Istanbul)
*
Mustafa II (1664–1703), Ottoman sultan from 1695 to 1703
*
Osman III
Osman III ( ota, عثمان ثالث ''Osmān-i sālis''; 2 January 1699 – 30 October 1757) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1754 to 1757.
Early life
Osman III was born on 2 January 1699 in the Edirne Palace. His father was Must ...
(1699—1757), Ottoman sultan from 1754 to 1757
*
Şahin Giray
Şahin Giray, Shahin Khan Girai ( crh, شاهين كراى, Şahin Geray, 1745—1787) was the last Khan of Crimea on two occasions (1777–1782, 1782–1783).
Life
He was born in 1745 in Edirne. He studied in Greece and Venice. He reputedly ...
(1745-1787), last khan of
Crimea
Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...
;Historical
*
Caleb Afendopolo Caleb Afendopolo (born at Adrianople before 1430; lived some time at Belgrade, and died about 1499 at Constantinople) was a Jewish polyhistor. He was the brother of Samuel ha-Ramati, ''ḥakam'' of the Karaite congregations in Constantinople and o ...
(before 1430-1499), Jewish polyhistor
*
Athanasius I of Constantinople
Athanasius I (1230 – 28 October 1310) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for two terms, from 1289 to 1293 and 1303 to 1309. He was born in Adrianople and died in Constantinople. Chosen by the emperor Andronicus II Palaeologus
...
(1230—1310), Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
*
Athanasius V of Jerusalem (died 1844), Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
*
Hagop Baronian (1843—1891), Ottoman Armenian writer, satirist, educator
*
Elijah Bashyazi
Elijah ben Moses Bashyazi of Adrianople or Elijah Bašyazi (in he, אליהו בן משה בן מנחם) (c. 1420 in Adrianople – 1490 in Adrianople) was a Karaite Judaism, Karaite Jewish hakham of the fifteenth century. After being instruct ...
(c. 1420—1490), Karaite Jewish hakham
*
Theodore Branas
Theodore Branas or Vranas ( el, , ''Theodōros Branas''), sometimes called Theodore Komnenos Branas, was a general under the Byzantine Empire and afterwards under the Latin Empire of Constantinople. Under the Latin regime he was given the title Ca ...
, Byzantine general
*
Nikephoros Bryennios (ethnarch)
Nikephoros Bryennios ( el, Νικηφόρος Βρυέννιος), Latinized as Nicephorus Bryennius, was an important Byzantine general who was involved in rebellions against the empress Theodora and later the emperor Michael VI Stratiotikos.
...
, Byzantine general
*
Abraham ben Raphael Caro, 18th-century Ottoman rabbi
*
Karpos Papadopoulos (1790s-1871), Member of the
Filiki Eteria
Filiki Eteria or Society of Friends ( el, Φιλικὴ Ἑταιρεία ''or'' ) was a secret organization founded in 1814 in Odessa, whose purpose was to overthrow the Ottoman rule of Greece and establish an independent Greek state. (''ret ...
*
Theoklitos Polyeidis (1698-1759), Greek scholar, teacher, translator, priest and monk
*
Dionysius V of Constantinople
Dionysius V (22 March 1820 – 25 August 1891) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch ( el, Οἰκουμενικός Πατριάρχης, translit=Oikoumenikós Patriárchēs) is the archbishop of Constantino ...
(1820-1891), Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
*
Joseph Halévy __NOTOC__
Joseph Halévy (15 December 1827, in Adrianople – 21 January 1917, in Paris) was an Ottoman born Jewish-French Orientalist and traveller.
His most notable work was done in Yemen, which he crossed during 1869 to 1870 in search of Saba ...
(1827—1917), Ottoman-born Jewish-French Orientalist and traveler
*
Abdulcelil Levni (died 1732), Ottoman court painter and miniaturist
*
Neşâtî Neşāṭī (نشاطى was the pen name ( Ottoman Turkish: ﻡﺨﻠﺺ ''maḫlas'') of an Ottoman poet. He was a Sufi, or Islamic mystic, of the Mevlevi Order, and his poetry is often considered exemplary of the "Indian style" (سبك هند ...
(?–1674), Ottoman poet
*
Georgi Valkovich (1833—1892), Bulgarian physician, diplomat and politician
*
Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi
Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi Efendi (ca. 1670–1732), also Mehmed Efendi (sometimes spelled Mehemet Effendi in France), was an Ottoman statesman who was delegated as ambassador by the Sultan Ahmed III to Louis XV's France in 1720. He is remembere ...
(died 1732), Ottoman statesman and ambassador
*
Stefanos Koumanoudis (1818-1899), Greek archaeologist, university teacher, writer and translator
*
Charles XII
Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII ( sv, Karl XII) or Carolus Rex (17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of ...
, Swedish king who stayed in the city for most of 1713during his exile in the Ottoman Empire
*
Baháʼu'lláh, founder of the
Baháʼí faith
The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people. Established by Baháʼu'lláh in the 19th century, it initially developed in Iran and parts of the ...
, lived in Edirne from 1863 to 1868. He was exiled here by the Ottoman Empire before being banished to the Ottoman penal colony in
Akka. Referred to Adrianople in his writings as the "Land of Mystery".
;Contemporary
*
Cem Adrian
Cem Filiz (born 30 November 1980), better known by his stage name Cem Adrian, is a Turkish musician of Bosniak origin, singer-songwriter and record producer.
Early life
His father was a merchant, while his mother was a housewife. Adrian was born ...
(born 1980), Turkish singer-songwriter, author, producer and film director
*
Şevket Süreyya Aydemir
Şevket Süreyya Aydemir (1897–25 March 1976) was a Turkish writer, intellectual, economist, historian, and one of the founders, publisher and a key theorist of ''Kadro'' ("Cadre"). ''Kadro'' was an influential left-wing political journal publi ...
(1897—1976), Turkish writer, intellectual, economist, historian
*
Atılay Canel (born 1955), Turkish football coach
*
Cavit Erdel
Cavit Erdel (1884; Adrianople (Edirne) – 5 March 1933; Ankara) was a military officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army
The Turkish Land Forces ( tr, Türk Kara Kuvvetleri), or Turkish Army (Turkish: ), is the main branc ...
(1884—1933), Ottoman Army officer and Turkish Army general
*
Hüsrev Gerede
Hüsrev Gerede (1884 in Adrianople, Adrianople Vilayet – March 30, 1962 in Istanbul) was a Turkish diplomat and career officer, who served in the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army.Türk Parlamento Tarihi Araştırma Grubu, ''Türk Parlamento ...
(1884-1962), Ottoman and Turkish Army officer, politician and diplomat
*
Avra Theodoropoulou
Avra Theodoropoulou ( el, Αύρα Θεοδωροπούλου; 3 November 1880 – 20 January 1963) was a Greek music teacher, pianist, suffragist and women's rights activist. She founded the League for Women's Rights in 1920 and served as its ch ...
(1880-1863), Greek musician and activist
*
Ragıp Gümüşpala
Ragıp Gümüşpala (1897 – 6 June 1964) was the 11th Chief of the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces and founder of the Justice Party in 1961. He died shortly afterwards, on 6 June 1964, in Istanbul.
Biography Military Life
While he ...
(1897-1964), 11th Chief of the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces
*
Acun Ilıcalı (born 1969), Turkish television personality and producer
*
Haşim İşcan (1898-1968), Turkish high school teacher, province governor and the first elected mayor of Istanbul
*
Kemal Kerinçsiz (born 1960), Turkish ultra-nationalist lawyer
*
Özlem Kolat (born 1984), Turkish classical clarinet player
*
Michael Petkov (1850-1921), Bulgarian Eastern Catholic priest
*
Muharrem Korhan Yamaç (born 1972), Paralympics, world and European champion disabled sport shooter
*
Nikos Zachariadis (1903—1973), General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece
*
Gökberk Ergeneman (born 1995) National Tennis Player
See also
*
List of battles of Adrianople
*
List of treaties of Adrianople
*
Trakya University
Trakya University ( tr, Trakya Üniversitesi), was established on July 20, 1982. The university is located in Edirne, at Turkey's European side (Eastern Thrace). Trakya University is a regional university with institutions and schools spread o ...
References
https://www.academia.edu/23674853/Edirne_Ta%C5%9F_K%C3%B6pr%C3%BCleri_Edirne_Stone_Bridges
Further reading
*
*
*
External links
Edirne DirectoryEdirne Weather Forecast InformationPhotographs of the town and monuments taken by Disk Osseman
{{Authority control
Hadrianopolis in Haemimonto
Cities in Turkey
Former national capitals
Jewish communities in Turkey
Populated places established in the 2nd century
Roman sites in Turkey