Adolphus Druiding (1838–1900) was a

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-born

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who was best known for his work in creating

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churches, schools, rectories and convents. Druiding’s work along with that of fellow German immigrant Franz Georg Himpler (1833–1916) makes up the largest body of German Catholic architecture in the United States between the end of the Civil War and 1900.

Early life and career

Druiding was born May 29, 1838, in Aschendorf, a province of

Hanover, Germany Hanover (; german: Hannover ; nds, Hannober) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Lower Saxony. Its 535,932 (2021) inhabitants make it the 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-largest city in Northern Germany a ...

. He studied at the Secondary School in Papenburg and at the Polytechnic School in

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where he graduated with honors. He worked briefly at a French architect’s office and then entered government service in Munich. After this he studied in

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under Strach, Adler and Local. He built one church in Schoenwalde and was employed erecting government stations in the

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Architectural practice

In 1865 after completing his work in the Netherlands, Druiding came to the United States where he enjoyed an extensive practice in the design of Roman Catholic Churches throughout the Midwest. Druiding was noted as an aggressive businessman who was prepared to assume projects large and small. This was quite unlike his countryman and fellow architect Franz Georg Himpler who designed far fewer buildings than Druiding, but more of Himpler's buildings survive to the present day.

Legacy

Druiding was one of perhaps 20 American architects who contributed most of the Roman Catholic ecclesiastical architecture throughout the later part of the 19th century. His church buildings are much admired locally, have been featured in books on church architecture and have found their way to some of the National Registers.

Works

Alabama

* Cathedral of St. Paul,

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Arkansas

* Immaculate Conception Church,

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District of Columbia

* St. Anthony of Padua Church,

Washington, DC ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan ...

Iowa

* Blessed Sacrament Church,

Sioux City, IA Sioux City () is a city in Woodbury and Plymouth counties in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Iowa. The population was 85,797 in the 2020 census, making it the fourth-largest city in Iowa. The bulk of the city is in Woodbury County, ...

New York

* St. Michael Church,

Rochester, NY Rochester () is a city in the U.S. state of New York, the seat of Monroe County, and the fourth-most populous in the state after New York City, Buffalo, and Yonkers, with a population of 211,328 at the 2020 United States census. Located in Wes ...

* Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Church,

Bridgehampton, NY Bridgehampton is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) on the South Fork of Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 1,756 at the 2010 census. Bridgehampton is in the town of Southampton, on Long Island. Shortly after ...

* Church of the Guardian Angel,

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* Our Lady of Sorrows Church,

Buffalo, NY Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from South ...

(now King Urban Life Center) * Blessed Sacrament Church,

Ohio

* Immaculate Conception,

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* Sacred Heart of Jesus Church, Camp Washington,

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* St. Charles Borromeo Church,

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, Cincinnati * St. Aloysius-on-the-Ohio Church, Cincinnati * St. Michael Church,

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* St. Henry Church, Harriettsville * St. John the Baptist Catholic Church,

Maria Stein Maria Stein (German language, German, literally Mary's stone or "Mary of the Rock") is an unincorporated area, unincorporated community in central Marion Township, Mercer County, Ohio, Marion Township, Mercer County, Ohio, Mercer County, Ohio ...

* St. Henry Catholic Church, St. Henry * St. Joseph Church,

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* St. Lawrence Church, Cincinnati * Our Lady of Perpetual Help Church, Cincinnati * Mt. St. Joseph Sisters of Charity Convent and Mother House, Cincinnati * St. Mary, Delaware * Franciscan Sisters of the Poor – St. Clare Convent & Chapel near Hartwell/ Cincinnati – Springfield Township * St. Patrick Church, Toledo

Illinois

* St. Hyacinth Church

Chicago, IL (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...

(first church constructed in 1895 and replaced by much larger church by

Worthmann and Steinbach Worthmann & Steinbach was a Chicago-based architectural firm that was active from 1903 through 1928. It was a partnership between Henry W. Worthmann (June 18, 1857 – April 11, 1946) and John G. Steinbach (b. 1878) The firm is best remembered ...

) * St. George Church,

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* St. John Cantius Church,

Chicago, IL (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...

* St. Hedwig Church,

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Indiana

* St. Benedict Church,

Terre Haute, Indiana Terre Haute ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Vigo County, Indiana, United States, about 5 miles east of the state's western border with Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 60,785 and its metropolitan area had a ...

(destroyed by fire 1930, partially rebuilt)

Kentucky

* St. Peter Church,

Lexington, KY Lexington is a city in Kentucky, United States that is the county seat of Fayette County. By population, it is the second-largest city in Kentucky and 57th-largest city in the United States. By land area, it is the country's 28th-largest ...

* St. Stephen Church,

Newport, KY Newport is a home rule-class city at the confluence of the Ohio and Licking rivers in Campbell County, Kentucky. The population was 15,273 at the 2010 census. Historically, it was one of four county seats of Campbell County. Newport is a major ...

Minnesota

*Saint Michael Church, Saint Michael, MN

Missouri

* St. Agatha Church,

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* Shrine of St. Joseph,

* St. John Nepomuk Church,

* St. Alphonsus Liguori Church,

* St. Peter's Church,

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New Jersey

* St. Joseph Chapel, Seton Hall University,

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Pennsylvania

* Ss. Peter and Paul Church,

Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh ( ) is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States, and the county seat of Allegheny County. It is the most populous city in both Allegheny County and Western Pennsylvania, the second-most populous city in Pennsyl ...

* St. Joseph Church,

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* St. Patrick Church,

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South Dakota

* St. Paul Church, Marty, SD

Wisconsin

* St. Francis Xavier Cathedral,

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* St. Joseph's Church,

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With * St. Mary Oratory.

Wausau, WI Wausau ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States. The Wisconsin River divides the city into east and west. The city's suburbs include Schofield, Weston, Mosinee, Maine, Rib Mountain, Kronenwetter, an ...

http://www.institute-christ-king.org/wausau/ St. Mary Oratory * St. Mary Church,

Oshkosh, WI Oshkosh is a city in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, of which it is the county seat. The city had a population of 66,816 in 2020, making it the ninth-largest city in Wisconsin. It is also adjacent to the Town of Oshkosh. History Oshkosh was ...

* St. Mary (originally “of the Immaculate Conception”) Catholic Church,

Menasha, Wisconsin Menasha () is a city in Calumet and Winnebago counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 18,268 at the 2020 census. Of this, 15,144 were in Winnebago County, and 2,209 were in Calumet County. The city is located mostly in Winn ...

* St. Mary's Church,

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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Druiding, Adolphus 1839 births 1900 deaths 19th-century American architects Hanoverian emigrants to the United States American ecclesiastical architects Architects of Roman Catholic churches Architects from Hanover