Portret van Adolf van Nassau, RP-P-1910-2199

Adolf I von Nassau (born Adolf von Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, –6 February 1390) was

Bishop of Speyer The Bishop of Speyer is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer, which is a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Bamberg.Archbishop of Mainz The Elector of Mainz was one of the seven Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire. As both the Archbishop of Mainz and the ruling prince of the Electorate of Mainz, the Elector of Mainz held a powerful position during the Middle Ages. The Archb ...

1381–1390.

Life

Grafmonument van Adolf I van Nassau-Wiesbaden aartsbisschop van Mainz

Adolf was born as son of Count Adolf I, the Count of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein. His grandfather was Adolf, King of the Romans. When his uncle,

Archbishop of Mainz The Elector of Mainz was one of the seven Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire. As both the Archbishop of Mainz and the ruling prince of the Electorate of Mainz, the Elector of Mainz held a powerful position during the Middle Ages. The Archb ...

died in 1371, he was chosen by the Cathedral chapter as his successor against Kuno II von Falkenstein; however, he had to yield to , the preferred candidate of Emperor Charles IV, who was appointed by Pope

Gregory XI Pope Gregory XI ( la, Gregorius, born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope and the most recent French pop ...

. Adolf was made

Bishop of Speyer The Bishop of Speyer is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer, which is a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Bamberg.Bishop of Strasbourg. When Johann died in 1373, the Mainz Cathedral chapter again supported Adolf, but on the request of Emperor Charles IV, Gregory XI appointed

Louis of Meissen Louis of Meissen (25 February 1341 – 17 February 1382) was a German nobleman from the House of Wettin. He was Bishop of Halberstadt and later Bishop of Bamberg, then Archbishop of Mainz and finally Archbishop of Magdeburg. Life He was th ...

. However, Adolf had actual control over most of the Electorate of Mainz. After the death of Gregory XI, Adolf used the Western Schism and had himself confirmed by the Avignon pope Clement VII. In 1381, Adolf was accepted as archbishop of Mainz also by the Roman pope Urban VI and by Charles IV's successor as King of the Germans,

Wenceslaus IV Wenceslaus IV (also ''Wenceslas''; cs, Václav; german: Wenzel, nicknamed "the Idle"; 26 February 136116 August 1419), also known as Wenceslaus of Luxembourg, was King of Bohemia from 1378 until his death and King of Germany from 1376 until he w ...

. During his reign, Adolf was in conflict with Rupert I, Elector Palatine, a supporter of the Roman papacy. Adolf used his position to further his family's territorial interests and to enlarge its power. On Adolf's initiative, the creation of the University of Erfurt was confirmed by Pope Urban VI in 1389. Adolf died on 6 February 1390 in Heiligenstadt. He is buried in

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References

Bibliography

* * * * * {{authority control 1350s births 1390 deaths Roman Catholic bishops of Speyer Archbishops of Mainz Sons of monarchs