Adl ( fa, عدل) is a noble family of

Iranian Iranian may refer to: * Iran, a sovereign state * Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran * Iranian lan ...

origin. The family was part of the Iranian

oligarchy Oligarchy (; ) is a conceptual form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people. These people may or may not be distinguished by one or several characteristics, such as nobility, fame, wealth, education, or corporate, r ...

during the

Pahlavi Pahlavi may refer to: Iranian royalty *Seven Parthian clans, ruling Parthian families during the Sasanian Empire *Pahlavi dynasty, the ruling house of Imperial State of Persia/Iran from 1925 until 1979 **Reza Shah, Reza Shah Pahlavi (1878–1944 ...

era and its members had significant roles in politics and diplomacy of Iran for more than seventy years. Originally from

Tabriz Tabriz ( fa, تبریز ; ) is a city in northwestern Iran, serving as the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. It is the List of largest cities of Iran, sixth-most-populous city in Iran. In the Quri Chay, Quru River valley in Iran's historic Aze ...

, the family descends from Hajj Seyyed Hossein (died circa 1840) also known as Hossein Shah, a wealthy merchant. His sons Seid Mirza Ebrahim Khalil and Mirza Hasan had received traditional religious training, but were enough enlightened to send their children abroad to receive modern education. Returning to Iran, they became pioneers in the modernization of the country.

Mostafa Adl Mostafa Adl ( fa, مصطفی عدل, also known as Manṣur-al-Salṭana (); 1882 – 12 July 1950) was an Iranian politician, diplomat, jurist, former Ambassador of Iran to Switzerland (1935–39) and president of University of Tehran (1941–42). ...

, son of Ebrahim Khalil, drafted the first civil code, while his cousin Yahya Adl became the first to practice modern surgery. Habib Adl was notable for importing cutting edge medical technologies, including X-ray

medical imaging Medical imaging is the technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology). Medical imaging seeks to rev ...

and Ahmad-Hossein Adl played a pivotal role in the establishment of modern industrial agriculture. The family came into prominence after the

Iranian constitutional revolution The Persian Constitutional Revolution ( fa, مشروطیت, Mashrūtiyyat, or ''Enghelāb-e Mashrūteh''), also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911. The revolution led to the establishment of a par ...

, when the old aristocratic families were losing their inherited positions and were being replaced by a new generation of technocrats. The family further consolidated its position by several marriages to the old affluent families, including Vali, Hedayat, Farzaneh, Mahdavi, Boushehri, and

Qajar Qajar Iran (), also referred to as Qajar Persia, the Qajar Empire, '. Sublime State of Persia, officially the Sublime State of Iran ( fa, دولت علیّه ایران ') and also known then as the Guarded Domains of Iran ( fa, ممالک م ...

nobility, including

Farmanfarmaian Farmanfarmaian is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Abdol-Ali Mirza Farmanfarmaian (1932–1973), Qajar prince *Abdol-Aziz Mirza Farmanfarmaian (1920–2013), Iranian architect *Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian (1922–2019), Irani ...

family. The origin of the modern family name Adl'' is from the titles of nobility given to Iranian jurists at the end of the 19th century, that were related by family ties. Notably, these jurists included Hajj Mirza Hasan whose title was Adl-ol-molk (Justice of the Kingdom), Seid Mirza Ebrahim Khalil whose title was Rokn-ol-edaleh (Pillar of Justice), and Mirza Mostafa Khan Adle whose title was Mansoor-ol-saltaneh (the Victorious of the Empire).

Notable family members

, entitled ''Mansoor-ol-saltaneh '' * Ahmad-Hossein Adl * Yahya Adl *Mahmoud Adl

References

Sources

* {{cite encyclopedia , article = ʿADLe, Aḥmad-Ḥosayn , last = ʿĀqeli , first = Bāqer , url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/adl-ahmad-hosayn-1 , editor-last = , editor-first = , editor-link = , encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica , pages = , location = , publisher = , year = 2002 , isbn = Adl family Persian-language surnames

Notable family members

See also

References

Sources