Adile Sultan (daughter Of Mahmud II)
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ota, عدیلہ سلطان , house = Ottoman , house-type = Dynasty , father =
Mahmud II Mahmud II ( ota, محمود ثانى, Maḥmûd-u s̠ânî, tr, II. Mahmud; 20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, ...
, mother = Zernigâr Kadın , birth_date = 23 May 1826 , birth_place =
Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
,
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
(present day
Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_i ...
,
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
) , death_date = , death_place =
Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_i ...
,
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
, burial_place = Eyüp, Istanbul , religion = Sunni Islam Adile Sultan ( ota, عدیله سلطان; "''Justice''" or "''fairness''"; 23 May 1826 – 12 February 1899) was an Ottoman princess, a female Diwan poet, and a philanthropist. She was the daughter of Sultan
Mahmud II Mahmud II ( ota, محمود ثانى, Maḥmûd-u s̠ânî, tr, II. Mahmud; 20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, ...
and half-sister of the Sultans
Abdulmejid I Abdulmejid I ( ota, عبد المجيد اول, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i evvel, tr, I. Abdülmecid; 25 April 182325 June 1861) was the 31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on 2 July 1839. His reign was notable for the r ...
and Abdulaziz.


Early life

Adile Sultan was born on 23 May 1826. Her father was Sultan
Mahmud II Mahmud II ( ota, محمود ثانى, Maḥmûd-u s̠ânî, tr, II. Mahmud; 20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, ...
, and her mother was the Fourth Consort Zernigâr Kadın. After her mother's death in 1830, when she was four years old, she was entrusted to the care of her father's First Consort, Nevfidan Kadın. Adile's was educated at the palace. She took lessons of Quran, Arabic, Persian, music and calligraphy. She took her calligraphy lessons with Ebubekir Mümtaz Efendi, the most famous calligrapher of the era. With the education she received, combined with her sensitive personality, she went on to write poems, becoming the only princess to do so. After her father's death in 1839, when she was thirteen years old, her elder half-brother, the new sultan
Abdulmejid I Abdulmejid I ( ota, عبد المجيد اول, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i evvel, tr, I. Abdülmecid; 25 April 182325 June 1861) was the 31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on 2 July 1839. His reign was notable for the r ...
, took her under his guardianship.


Marriage

In 1845, her brother Sultan Abdulmejid arranged her marriage to
Damat Damat ( tr, damat, from fa, {{nq, داماد (dâmâd) "bridegroom") was an official Ottoman title describing men that entered the imperial House of Osman by means of marriage, literally becoming the bridegroom to the Ottoman sultan and the d ...
Mehmet Ali
Pasha Pasha, Pacha or Paşa ( ota, پاشا; tr, paşa; sq, Pashë; ar, باشا), in older works sometimes anglicized as bashaw, was a higher rank in the Ottoman political and military system, typically granted to governors, generals, dignitar ...
, who had been serving as an advisor in the imperial arsenal. Born in Hemşin, he was the son of Hacı Ömer Agha, the chief agha of Galata. He came to Istanbul at a very young age, where he spent his childhood in the Enderun. The preparations for the marriage began on 24 March 1845, and the marriage contract was concluded on 27 April in the apartment of the sacred relics,
Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace ( tr, Topkapı Sarayı; ota, طوپقپو سرايى, ṭopḳapu sarāyı, lit=cannon gate palace), or the Seraglio, is a large museum in the east of the Fatih district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the complet ...
. After the ceremony was performed, the trousseau was brought to the Darüssaade Ağa from where it was taken through the Tophane Street to Çırağan Palace. The wedding celebrations were delayed until next summer. The wedding took place on 7 June 1845, and lasted a whole week. On the last day of the celebrations, Adile was taken to Neşatabad Palace located in Defterdarburnu. This palace once belonged to Hatice Sultan, daughter of Sultan Mustafa III. After the marriage, Mehmet Ali Pasha became commander of the fleet, and served on this position for five times, and afterwards served a short while as Grand Vizier to her brother, Sultan Abdulmejid. The two together had four children, one son Sultanzade Ismail Bey, and three daughters, Hayriye Hanımsultan, Sıdıka Hanımsultan, and Aliye Hanımsultan. He died in 1868 during the reign of her younger half-brother, Sultan Abdulaziz. Their only surviving daughter, Hayriye was born in 1846, who died in 1869, a year after her father. In 1861 her half-brother Abdülaziz, with whom she was not on good terms, ascended the throne. To reconcile with him he introduced him to Edadil Hanim, a lady whom Abdülaziz took as his consort. Adile wrote several components to celebrate their son,
Şehzade Mahmud Celaleddin Şehzade Mahmud Celaleddin ( ota, شهزادہ محمود جلال لدین; 16 November 1862 – 1 September 1888) was an Ottoman prince, the second son of Sultan Abdulaziz and his third wife Edadil Kadın. Early life Şehzade Mahmud Celaleddin ...
.


Religion

Adile Sultan was a religious woman. In about 1845, she became a follower of Sheikh Shumnulu Ali Efendi, and became a member of the Naqshbandi Sufi order. She held meetings of sheikhs and dervishes in the Neşetabad Palace, which also served as a sort of application bureau for poor people who would make their needs known to the princess.


Charities

Adile Sultan had a summerhouse in Validebağ and a palace in Kandilli, the
Adile Sultan Palace Adile Sultan Palace ( tr, Adile Sultan Sarayı) is the former royal residence of Ottoman princess Adile Sultan. It was donated to the state by Adile Sultan to be used as a school building for the Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls and ...
, both in the
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...
n part of Istanbul. She left her palace in Kandilli following the death of her husband and moved to the Coastal Palace in Fındıklı. She donated the Adile Sultan Palace to the state on the condition that it be converted into the first secondary high school for girls in the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
. Her wish was fulfilled only in 1916 (due to wars), when the Young Turk activist, statesman, and educator Ahmed Rıza opened the ''Adile Sultan İnas Mekteb-i Sultanisi'' ("Adile Sultan Imperial Girls School"), today known as
Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls ( tr, Kandilli Kız Anadolu Lisesi) is a secondary educational institution located in the Kandilli neighborhood of Üsküdar district in Istanbul, Turkey. Known traditionally as ''Kandilli Kız Lisesi'', ...
, although it became not the first, but the second secondary school for girls in the empire. The high school moved to a new building in 1969, and the Adile Sultan Palace burned down in 1986 due to an electrical
short-circuit A short circuit (sometimes abbreviated to short or s/c) is an electrical circuit that allows a current to travel along an unintended path with no or very low electrical impedance. This results in an excessive current flowing through the circuit. ...
. It was reopened in 2006 as the
Sakıp Sabancı Sakıp Sabancı (7 April 1933 – 10 April 2004) was a Turkish business tycoon and philanthropist. Biography He was the second son of a cotton trader and worked in his father's business without completing high school. He was the head of Turkey' ...
Kandilli Education and Culture Center.


Poetry

Adile Sultan was a poetess. She followed the divan tradition, writing nazires to Fuzuli, Muhibbî, and Şeyh Gâlib, but she is not outstanding in either feeling or technique. Her life lasted long enough for her to have become a modern poet, but she was faithful to the classic tradition which was still strong, particularly in the palace. She was, however, less successful poet than her contemporaries Leyla Hanım, Fitnat Hanım and Leyla Gülefşan Hanim. Her poetry, ''Adile Sultan's Divan'', was published in 1996.


Death

Adile Sultan died on 12 February 1899 at the age of seventy-three, the last surviving child of Mahmud. She was interred in the mausoleum of her husband in Eyüp, Istanbul.


Personality

Adile Sultan was a poetess and a scholarly, cultivated, and pious woman renowned for her benevolence, good works, and charity. She penned beautiful elegies to her husband when he died. Those in her service and in close relations with her always spoke with pleasure of her and her polite manners. She was also in the habit of smoking the water pipe. She always dressed in a completely Turkish fashion gown of heavy fabrics with four flounces, shoes of chamois leather, shawl tied as a sash around her waist, the so-called salta wide-sleeved jacket over this ensemble, on her head something like a fez wrapped in a silk headkerchief pinked along the edges, and onto which she had fastened exquisite brooches of emeralds and rubies in the shape of roses, a larger one in the center flanked by two smaller ones. Other than these she wore no jewels or decorations.


Honour

* Order of Charity, ''18 January 1879''


Issue


See also

*
Adile Sultan Palace Adile Sultan Palace ( tr, Adile Sultan Sarayı) is the former royal residence of Ottoman princess Adile Sultan. It was donated to the state by Adile Sultan to be used as a school building for the Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls and ...
*
Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls Kandilli Anatolian High School for Girls ( tr, Kandilli Kız Anadolu Lisesi) is a secondary educational institution located in the Kandilli neighborhood of Üsküdar district in Istanbul, Turkey. Known traditionally as ''Kandilli Kız Lisesi'', ...
*
List of Ottoman princesses ''Sultan'' (Ottoman Turkish:سلطان) and ''Hatun'' ( Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ хатан; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣, romanized: ''katun''; Ottoman Turkish: خاتون, romanized: ''hatun'' or قادین romanized: ''kadın''; Persian: خاتو ...


References


Sources

* * *


External links


Her biography
{{Authority control 1826 births 1899 deaths 19th-century Ottoman princesses Turkish philanthropists Divan poets from the Ottoman Empire 19th-century poets from the Ottoman Empire Women poets from the Ottoman Empire 19th-century women writers from the Ottoman Empire Royalty from Istanbul