The Working Group of German-Aryan Manufacturers in the Garment Industry (
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
: ''Arbeitsgemeinschaft deutsch-arischer Fabrikanten der Bekleidungsindustrie''), better known as Adefa, was a clothing union established in
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
in May 1933, associated with the wider
Aryanization
Aryanization (german: Arisierung) was the Nazi term for the seizure of property from Jews and its transfer to non-Jews, and the forced expulsion of Jews from economic life in Nazi Germany, Axis-aligned states, and their occupied territories. I ...
campaign of the
NSDAP
The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that crea ...
-government. It had similar goals to the ''Deutsches Mode-Institut'', which was associated with the
Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda
The Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (; RMVP), also known simply as the Ministry of Propaganda (), controlled the content of the press, literature, visual arts, film, theater, music and radio in Nazi Germany.
The ministry ...
.
Aryanization
The primary aim of the organisation was to bring the
German fashion
Germany plays an important role in the fashion industry, along with France, the United Kingdom, the United States, Italy, Spain, and Japan. German fashion is known for unconventional young designers and manufacturers of sports and outdoor clothi ...
industry under the ownership of
ethnic Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
and to remove
German Jews
The history of the Jews in Germany goes back at least to the year 321, and continued through the Early Middle Ages (5th to 10th centuries CE) and High Middle Ages (''circa'' 1000–1299 CE) when Jewish immigrants founded the Ashkenazi Jewish ...
from the industry; a goal achieved by 15 August 1939, after which Adefa dissolved itself. Culturally, it opposed French stylistic influence in the German fashion industry, in particular "''
La Garçonne''"-style, encouraging instead a more folk-orientated fashion for women; the
tracht
''Tracht'' () refers to traditional garments in German-speaking countries and regions. Although the word is most often associated with Bavarian, Austrian, South Tyrolian and Trentino garments, including lederhosen and dirndls, many other German-s ...
dress,
dirndl
A dirndl () is a feminine dress which originated in German-speaking areas of the Alps. It is traditionally worn by women and girls in Bavaria (south-eastern Germany), Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Alpine regions of Italy. A dirndl c ...
skirts, embroidery and
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
n style millinery.
At its height in 1938, there were over 600 member firms allied to Adefa. Companies which fell under this banner would show in their show shop advertisements and labels the phrase "''Adefa – das Zeichen für Ware aus arischer Hand''" (Adefa – the label for Aryan-made clothing).
See also
*
Hugo Boss
Hugo Boss AG, often styled as BOSS, is a luxury fashion house headquartered in Metzingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The company sells clothing, accessories, footwear, and fragrances. Hugo Boss is one of the largest German clothing companies, ...
*
Women in Nazi Germany
A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female humans regardle ...
*
Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses
The Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses () in Germany began on April 1, 1933, and was claimed to be a defensive reaction to the anti-Nazi boycott, which had been initiated in March 1933. It was largely unsuccessful, as the German population conti ...
* ''
Let's trim our hair in accordance with the socialist lifestyle
''Let's trim our hair in accordance with the socialist lifestyle'' (alternatively translated as ''Let us trim our hair in accordance with Socialist lifestyle'') was a television program broadcast on state-run Korean Central Television in North ...
''
Bibliography
*Irene Guenther: ''Nazi Chic? – Fashioning Women in the Third Reich''. Oxford 2004.
*Roberta S. Kremer: ''Broken Threads. The Destruction of the Jewish Fashion Industry in Germany and Austria''. Oxford 2007.
External links
Hamburg’s Past as a Place for Jewish Fashion Housesat Jewish History Online
Fashion Hall of Obscurity – ADEFAat Kickshaw Productions
Fascist and Nazi Dressat Love to Know
1933 establishments in Germany
1939 disestablishments in Germany
German fashion
Society of Nazi Germany
Economy of Nazi Germany