The Adanson system, published by French
botanist
Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...
Michel Adanson
Michel Adanson (7 April 17273 August 1806) was an 18th-century French botanist and naturalist who traveled to Senegal to study flora and fauna. He proposed a "natural system" of taxonomy distinct from the binomial system forwarded by Linnaeus.
...
as the ''Familles des plantes'' in two volumes in 1763, was an important step in
botanical nomenclature
Botanical nomenclature is the formal, scientific naming of plants. It is related to, but distinct from Alpha taxonomy, taxonomy. Plant taxonomy is concerned with grouping and classifying plants; botanical nomenclature then provides names for the ...
by establishing the ordering of
genera
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...
into
families
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ideall ...
.
Michel Adanson listed 58 families, divided by
sections
Section, Sectioning or Sectioned may refer to:
Arts, entertainment and media
* Section (music), a complete, but not independent, musical idea
* Section (typography), a subdivision, especially of a chapter, in books and documents
** Section sig ...
, for the 1615 genera known to him. He gave these both French and Latin names. The system was completed by
Antoine Laurent de Jussieu
Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (; 12 April 1748 – 17 September 1836) was a French botanist, notable as the first to publish a natural classification of flowering plants; much of his system remains in use today. His classification was based on an e ...
in 1789.
Plant families
Adanson's listing (Pages 1-7 of Part II) of
families
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ideall ...
is as follows (with page numbers of families together with sections and genera in parentheses).
Note spelling varies throughout text. The detailed descriptions of families are separately paginated, and shown here in ''italics'', after the Latin names. Some families shown with sections (note not all sections were named, some were just described).
# Bissus (page 8) ''Byssi''
# Champignons ''Fungi'' ''4''
# Fucus ''Fuci 12''
# Epatikes ''Hepaticae 14''
# Foujeres ''Filices 16''
# Palmiers ''Palmae 22''
# Gramens ''Gramina 26''
# Liliasees (page 9) ''Liliaceae 42''
## Junci ''46''
## Lilia
## Scillae
## Cepae
## Asparagi ''51''
## Hyacinthi ''52''
## Narcissi ''55''
## Irides ''58''
# Jenjanbres ''Zingiberes 61''
# Orchis ''Orchides 68''
# Aristoloches ''Aristolochiae 71''
# Eleagnus ''Elaeagni 77''
# Onagres ''Onagrae 81''
# Mirtes (page 10) ''Myrti 86''
# Ombelliferes ''Umbelletae 89''
# Composees ''Compositae 103''
# Campanules (page 11) ''Campanulae 132''
# Briones ''Bryoniae 135''
# Aparines ''Aparines 140''
# Scabieuses ''Scabiosae 148''
# Chevrefeuilles ''Caprifolia 153''
# Aireles ''Vaccinia 160''
[Corresponds to modern Ericaceae]
# Apocins ''Apocyna 167''
# Bouraches ''Borragines 173''
# Labiees (page 12) ''Labiatae 180''
# Vervenes ''Verbenae 195''
# Personees ''Personatae 202''
# Solanons ''Solana 215''
# Jasmins ''Jasmina 220''
# Anagallis (page 13) ''Anagallides 227''
# Salikaires ''Salicariae 232''
# Pourpiers ''Portulacae 235''
# Joubarbes ''Seda 246''
# Alsines ''Alsines 250''
# Blitons ''Blita 258''
# Jalaps ''Jalapae 263''
# Amarantes ''Amaranthi 266''
# Espargoutes ''Spergulae 270''
# Persikaires Persicariae 273
# Garou (page 14) ''Thymelaeae 278''
# Rosiers ''Rosae 286''
# Jujubiers ''Zizyphi 297''
# Legumineuses ''Leguminosae 306''
# Pistachiers (page 15) ''Pistaciae 332''
# Titimales ''Tithymali 346''
# Anones ''Anonae 359''
# Chataigners ''Castaneae 366''
# Tilleuls ''Tiliae 378''
# Geranions ''Gerania 384''
# Mauves ''Malvae 390''
# Capriers ''Capparides 402''
# Cruciferes (page 16) ''Cruciferae 409''
# Pavots ''Papavera 425''
# Cistes ''Cisti 434''
# Renoncules ''Ranunculi 451''
# Arons ''Ara 461''
# Pins (page 17) ''Pinus 473''
# Mousses ''Musci 482''
Notes
References
Bibliography
*
{{List of systems of plant taxonomy
Adanson system