Action Of 13 May 1942

The action of 13 May 1942 was a naval engagement during World War II between the British Royal Navy and the German Kriegsmarine. It was an attempt by Royal Navy Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs) to stop the from reaching Gironde, France. ''Stier ''made it through the English Channel and reached Gironde, but MTBs sunk the German fleet torpedo boats ''Iltis'' and ''Seeadler''. ''MTB 220'' was sunk by the German ships.

Background

''Stier'' was an auxiliary cruiser, a former merchant ship armed with hidden weapons and designed to be used as a merchant raider. The German plan was for ''Stier'', disguised as the minesweeper ''Sperrbrecher 171'', to be escorted through the English Channel to Gironde, France. From there, ''Stier'' was to break out into the Atlantic to attack Allied merchant ships. The escort for ''Stier'' was the 5th Torpedo Boat Flotilla, consisting of the torpedo boats ''Seeadler'', ''Kondor'', ''Falke'', and ''Iltis'' as well as 16 R-boat minesweepers. The torpedo boats were all of the '' Raubvogel'' or ''Raubtier'' class. ''Stier'' left Rotterdam with the escort on 12 May, heading into the channel.

The battle

The German ships began picking up British MTBs on radar around two hours after midnight on 13 May. Crew on some of the German ships reported hearing motor noises, but the MTBs could not be seen. The German ships were shelled by British coastal batteries in the Strait of Dover, but the batteries scored no hits.

At around 3:30 am, the MTBs began their attack. German gunners hit and sunk ''MTB 220'', and damaged several other MTBs. Around 4:00 am, one of the MTBs fired a torpedo at ''Stier'' that missed and hit ''Iltis'' instead, breaking ''Iltis'' in two. Less than fifteen minutes later, ''Seeadler'' was also hit by a torpedo, rolled over, split, and sank. As ''Stier'' and its remaining escorts neared German shore batteries at Boulogne, the MTBs withdrew. Around 118 German sailors lost their lives in the battle.

Aftermath

''Stier'' and its escort did not encounter any other Royal Navy forces after 13 May. However, on 15 May RAF aircraft attacked the German ships. The minesweeper ''M 26'' was sunk off Cap de la Hague and ''M 256'' was badly damaged. On 19 May ''Stier'' reached Gironde, and broke out into the Atlantic on 20–21 May.

References

Notes

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Naval battles of World War II involving Germany
May 1942 events
Germany–United Kingdom military relations
Military history of the English Channel