Acornsoft LISP
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Acornsoft LISP (marketed simply as ''LISP'') is a dialect and commercial implementation of the
Lisp A lisp is a speech impairment in which a person misarticulates sibilants (, , , , , , , ). These misarticulations often result in unclear speech. Types * A frontal lisp occurs when the tongue is placed anterior to the target. Interdental lisping ...
programming language, released in the early 1980s for the
8-bit In computer architecture, 8-bit Integer (computer science), integers or other Data (computing), data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet (computing), octet). Also, 8-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) arc ...
Acorn Atom, BBC Micro and Acorn Electron computers.


History

left, Loading screen (BBC Model B) The interpreter was implemented in 6502 machine-code and was 5.5K in size. It was based on Owl LISP written by Mike Gardner of Owl Computers, which he published for the
Apple II The Apple II (stylized as ) is an 8-bit home computer and one of the world's first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It was designed primarily by Steve Wozniak; Jerry Manock developed the design of Apple II's foam-m ...
in 1979. Acornsoft licensed it from Owl Computers in 1981 and developed it for the Acorn Atom and BBC Microcomputer. Acornsoft LISP was released on cassette, disk and
ROM cartridge A ROM cartridge, usually referred to in context simply as a cartridge, cart, or card, is a replaceable part designed to be connected to a consumer electronics device such as a home computer, video game console or, to a lesser extent, electroni ...
. The ROM cartridge version had instantaneous loading as well as a greater amount of available free RAM for user definitions.


Design

In contrast with large-scale LISP implementations, Acornsoft's variant only had a modest number of built-in definitions as it had to fit in the limited memory space of the 8-bit Acorn computers. The supplied LISP workspace image containing commonly used built-in functions and constants was 3K in size, although this could be deleted if not needed by the user to free up more memory. Supported datatypes included nested lists, 16-bit signed integers and strings up to 127 characters in length. LOOP, WHILE and UNTIL keywords were available for program control. A route-finding demo program was supplied as standard with the interpreter. The program can be loaded with the command (LOAD 'ROUTE-M) and tested by typing (ROUTE-M 'OXFORD 'CAMBRIDGE) which for example will display the output (85 CAMBRIDGE BEDFORD WATFORD OXFORD) thus showing the total mileage of the shortest possible route and listing intermediate towns visited.


Documentation

Acornsoft also commissioned a book "LISP on the BBC Microcomputer", by Arthur Norman and Gillian Cattell, published in 1983. Arthur Norman was a lecturer in computer science at Cambridge University, and Gillian Cattell did research into LISP at Cambridge. The book was sold separately from the software and contained examples illustrating use of the Acornsoft specific features such as the ''VDU'' function allowing for machine-specific graphics capabilities. The book also contained working examples including a tree-sorting program, an arbitrary arithmetic package, an animal guessing game, a route finding program, a graphics package, a simple compiler and an adventure game. Acornsoft LISP was reportedly the basis for MetaComCo's QL Lisp product, with Arthur Norman and John Fitch being credited as authors. As a reference, the Acornsoft book by Norman and Cattell was recommended for use with the MetaComCo product.


References


External links


Short discussion of Acornsoft LISP on comp.lang.lisp


* ttps://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Acornsoft_Lisp Acornsoft LISP at Rosetta Code {{Acornsoft Lisp (programming language) Acorn Computers BBC Micro and Acorn Electron software