Aciculitins A-C, 400x400px
Aciculitins are antifungal
cyclic peptides isolated from a
marine sponge. There are 3 Aciculitins that are isolated from the Lithistid sponge ''
Aciculites orientalis'' that differ by their
homologous
Homology may refer to:
Sciences
Biology
*Homology (biology), any characteristic of biological organisms that is derived from a common ancestor
*Sequence homology, biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences
* Homologous chrom ...
lipid residues.
Aciculitin D is a similar
cyclic peptide to Aciculitin A-C. It was isolated from Poecillastra sp. marine sponge that is collected from the deep sea.
Based on its molecular formula, Aciculitin D is the most similar to Aciculitin B structure wise since they only differ in one
amino acid substitution.
The structure of Aciculitin B contains one extra
glutamine while the structure of Aciculitin D has one extra
L-Threonine
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO ...
. Although the two cyclic peptides contain slightly different amino acids, they still have the same overall charge because both glutamine and L-Threonine are considered neutral amino acids.
Cytotoxicity
Aciculitin A-C exhibits
cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells. Examples of toxic agents are an immune cell or some types of venom, e.g. from the puff adder (''Bitis arietans'') or brown recluse spider (''Loxosceles reclusa'').
Cell physiology
Treating cells ...
against human colon tumor cell line
HCT-116 with IC
50 value of 0.5 µg/mL.
Aciculitin D exhibits cytotoxicity against human colon tumor cell line HCT-116 with IC
50 value of 0.51 µM.
Aciculitin D also exhibits cytotoxicity against
HeLa, human cervical cells with IC
50 value of 0.57 µM.
Further reading
Otero‐Gonzáiez, A. J., Magalhaes, B. S., Garcia‐Villarino, M., López‐Abarrategui, C., Sousa, D. A., Dias, S. C., & Franco, O. L. (2010). Antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrates as a new frontier for microbial infection control. ''The FASEB journal'', 24(5), 1320-1334. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20065108
References
Cyclic peptides
{{biochem-stub
