The ''Académie nationale de chirurgie'' (National Academy of Surgery) is a French

learned society A learned society ( ; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to al ...

dedicated to the field of

surgery Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (e.g., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery s ...

. It is the oldest surgical institution in

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

having been founded in 1731 as the '' Académie royale de chirurgie''. The current president is Olivier Jardé, a French

politician A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles ...

professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...

, and

orthopaedic Orthopedic surgery or orthopedics ( alternative spelling orthopaedics) is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeons use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal ...

trauma surgeon.

History

The academy was founded on 18 December 1731 as the ''Académie royale de chirurgie'' by Georges Mareschal, who was the first surgeon of

Louis XV Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defi ...

, and François La Peyronie, his successor. It was dissolved during the French Revolution and reestablished on 27 August 1843 by several prominent surgeons of the time, including

Guillaume Dupuytren Guillaume Dupuytren, Baron Dupuytren (, , ; 5 October 1777 – 8 February 1835) was a French anatomist and military surgeon. Although he gained much esteem for treating Napoleon Bonaparte's hemorrhoids he is best known today for his description ...

, Auguste Nélaton, Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin, and Jean-Louis Petit, initially under the name ''Société de chirurgie de Paris''. It was later renamed ''Société nationale de chirurgie'' in 1875. In 1935, it was renamed again as the ''Académie de chirurgie'' before adopting its current name, the ''Académie nationale de chirurgie,'' in 1997.

Aims

The ''Académie nationale de chirurgie'' consists of full and associate members, honorary members, foreign members, and free members, representing various surgical specialties. The roles and objectives of the academy is to: * Uphold moral responsibility in all matters related to surgery * Act as a guardian of the history of surgery * Document and analyse the evolution of surgical practices * Ensure adherence to high standards of surgical ethics * Conduct careful and rigorous evaluations of the development and changes in surgical techniques * Define good surgical practice by establishing references, recommendations, and strategies * Control the conditions under which surgery is practiced * Evaluate the training and recruitment of surgeons.

Publications

The ''Académie nationale de chirurgie'' has been publishing texts since it was established in 1731, making it the oldest publication dedicated to surgery in the world. Since 2002, articles have been available on their website as e-mémoires, and have been accessible through platforms such as the

National Library of Medicine The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is an institute within the National Institutes of Health. I ...

, PASCAL, and the

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since 2006. Additionally, since 2012, the academy has been posting videos on their website, which are also available to view on

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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Academie nationale de chirurgie Medical associations based in France 1731 establishments in France