Abū Dujāna Simāk bin Kharasha () was a companion of

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

and a skilled swordsman who is mentioned in

Hadith Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval ...

narrations from the

six major Hadith collections The ''Kutub al-Sittah'' ( ar-at, ٱلْكُتُب ٱلسِّتَّة, al-Kutub as-Sittah, lit=the six books) are six (originally five) books containing collections of ''hadith'' (sayings or acts of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) compiled by six S ...

Sunni Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagr ...

Islam.

Biography

Abu Dujana were born Simak ibn Kharasha, a relation of banu Sa'idah from Ansars. Abu Dujana participated in the Expedition of Hamza ibn 'Abdul-Muttalib, where they facing the forces of

Amr ibn Hishām ʿAmr ibn Hishām al-Makhzūmī ( ar, عمرو بن هشام المخزومي), (570 – 13 March 624), also known as Abu Jahl (lit. 'Father of Ignorance'), was one of the Meccan polytheist pagan leaders from the Quraysh known for his opposition t ...

. However, this engagement did not materialize as a third party named Majdi ibn Amr urged both sides to not clash. During the

Battle of Uhud The Battle of Uhud ( ar, غَزْوَة أُحُد, ) was fought on Saturday, 23 March 625 AD (7 Shawwal, 3 AH), in the valley north of Mount Uhud.Watt (1974) p. 136. The Qurayshi Meccans, led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, commanded an army of 3,000 m ...

, Abu Dujana were wearing his 'Death scarf', a red scarf that signifying a willingness to fight until death. Muhammad, who commanded this battle, personally giving Abu Dujana a sword which Muhammad himself gave instruction for him to use the sword in fight until with content, until the sword break or bent. As the battle started, Abu Dujana pierced into the enemy's lines. In this, Abu Dujana killed a polytheist soldier from Banu Asad namely Abdullah ibn Humayd al-Harith. Abu Dujana continued his rampage confronted

Hind bint Utbah Hind bint ʿUtba ( ar, هند بنت عتبة), was an Arab woman who lived in the late 6th and early 7th centuries CE; she was the wife of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, a powerful man of Mecca, in western Arabia. She was the mother of Mu'awiya I, the foun ...

, thus restraining his sword and remarked he did not want to taint the sword given by Muhammad with woman's blood. Zubayr testified this act of Abu Dujana on the record of Ibn Ishaq.Muhammad ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. as Zubayr said he see fleeing Meccan women that he could see Hind bint Utbah's anklets as they mow down the Quraysh forces. During the earlier phase of the battle, the bravery of Abu Dujana and

Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib Ḥamza ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ( ar, حمزة بن عبد المطلب; 568 – 625)Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). ''The Companions of Badr''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. was a ...

pumped the Muslim forces zeal in this battle as they continued to mowing down the Quraysh force. However, the Quraysh gain momentum as suddenly there are cavalry forces led by

Khalid ibn al-Walid Khalid ibn al-Walid ibn al-Mughira al-Makhzumi (; died 642) was a 7th-century Arab military commander. He initially headed campaigns against Muhammad on behalf of the Quraysh. He later became a Muslim and spent the remainder of his career in ...

charging from behind of the Muslim forces. This act of Khalid has turned the tide of the battle as now the Muslim forces ranks were separated each others. During this moment, Muhammad, their commander, were separated from the army, Zubayr joined Abu Bakar, Talhah, and Harith ibn Samma to form the outer ring of protection circle to protect Muhammad, while the inner ring were filled by Umar, Ali,

Anas ibn Nadhar Anas ibn Naḍr (Arabic: ﺍﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻧﻀﺮ) was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He belonged to the Banu Khazraj tribe of the Ansar and was the uncle of Anas ibn Malik. He could not join the Battle of Badr and was ...

, and Abu Dujana Simak. Abu Dujana received several wounds in his back after placing himself around Muhammad so as to act as a protection from arrows during this moment. This followed with some muslims soldiers such as Ka'b ibn malik, who were anxious as the rumor that Muhammad has fallen on the battlefield, bent himself over Abu Dujana, to find Muhammad was still alive, and followed the rejoicing Muslim forces around prophet to retreat and regroup with the others. The clash finally ended as Muhammad and the Muslim army managed to retread to Uhud mountain, while Muhammad gave the last kill by hurling a javelin towards Qurayshite horsemen named Ubay ibn khalaf. During the siege of Khaybar fortresses,

Death

Abu Dujana were suffered grave injury during the

Battle of Yamama The Battle of Yamama was fought in December 632 as part of the Ridda Wars against a rebellion within the Rashidun Caliphate in the region of al-Yamama (in present-day Saudi Arabia) between the forces of Abu Bakr and Musaylima, a self-proclaim ...

in 632. He was one of the two warriors who killed the self-proclaimed prophet

Musailima Musaylima ( ar, مُسَيْلِمَةُ), otherwise known as Maslama ibn Ḥabīb ( ar, مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ) d.632, was a preacher of monotheism from the Banu Hanifa tribe. He claimed to be a prophet in 7th-century Arabia ...

Appraisal

During the battle of Uhud, Abu Dujana frequently distinguished himself in battle by wearing a red band on his head, and engaged in bravado before fighting by strutting in front of his adversaries. In the

, Muhammad gave Abu Dujana his sword and fought bravely.

Legacy

Abu Dujana narrated and depicted in many Hadiths. Abu Dujana were mentioned in other hadiths including in

Sahih al-Bukhari Sahih al-Bukhari ( ar, صحيح البخاري, translit=Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī), group=note is a ''hadith'' collection and a book of '' sunnah'' compiled by the Persian scholar Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl al-Bukhārī (810–870) around 846. Al ...

and Sahih Muslim he is found being served a drink by Anas alongside Abu Suhail bin Al-Baida' made from unripe and ripe dates. When the prohibition came on alcoholic drinks, Anas promptly rid them of this drink (he threw it away).

References

{{Reflist

External links