Abortion In Sierra Leone
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Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a Constitutional Republic in West Africa. Since it was founded in 1792, the women in Sierra Leone have been a major influence in the political and economic development of the nation. Sierra Leonean women face extreme gender inequality. They experience high levels of poverty, violence, and exclusion. Nevertheless, they have also played an important role in the education system, founding schools and colleges, with some such as
Hannah Benka-Coker Hannah Benka-Coker, , ''née'' Luke (1903 – 17 June 1952) was an educator from Sierra Leone. She is one of the founders of the Freetown Secondary School for Girls (FSSG) which was established in 1926. Early life and education Born Hannah Luke i ...
being honoured with the erection of a statue for her contributions and
Lati Hyde-Forster Lati Hyde-Forster, MBE (14 June 1911 – 12 September 2001) was the first woman to graduate Fourah Bay College. She was also the first African woman school principal in Sierra Leone. Early life and education Latilewa Christiana Hyde was born o ...
, first woman to graduate from Fourah Bay College being honored with a doctor of civil laws degree by the
University of Sierra Leone The University of Sierra Leone is the name of the former unitary public university system in Sierra Leone. Established in February 1827, it is the oldest university in Africa. As of May 2005, the University of Sierra Leone was reconstituted int ...
.


Early history (1787–1900)

With the establishment of the Province of Freedom in 1787, a Sherbro known as Queen Yamacouba was a signatory to the treaty of 1787 which ceded the land to the British. After the destruction of the Province of Freedom in 1789 and the establishment of Freetown and the Colony of Sierra Leone in 1792, all heads of Nova Scotian Settler households were eligible to vote in the upcoming elections in Freetown and one-third were ethnic African women. The majority of the ancestors of the Sierra Leone Creole people were repatriated African American,
Jamaican Maroon Jamaican Maroons descend from Africans who freed themselves from slavery on the Colony of Jamaica and established communities of free black people in the island's mountainous interior, primarily in the eastern parishes. Africans who were ensl ...
and
Liberated African The liberated Africans of Sierra Leone, also known as recaptives, were Africans who had been illegally enslaved onboard slave ships and rescued by anti-slavery patrols from the West Africa Squadron of the Royal Navy. After the British Parliament ...
women principally of Akan, Igbo and
Yoruba The Yoruba people (, , ) are a West African ethnic group that mainly inhabit parts of Nigeria, Benin, and Togo. The areas of these countries primarily inhabited by Yoruba are often collectively referred to as Yorubaland. The Yoruba constitute ...
extraction. Creole households in Freetown were different from traditional African ethnic groups in Sierra Leone in that women had property rights and economic freedom and qualified as professionals such as lawyers and doctors in the early twentieth century. This independence gave women the freedom to travel. As they were financially independent, they were able to divorce to improve their lives economically. From 1830, the women in Sierra Leone were well known for their trading of non-slave-related items. A notable woman trader of the period was
Liberated African The liberated Africans of Sierra Leone, also known as recaptives, were Africans who had been illegally enslaved onboard slave ships and rescued by anti-slavery patrols from the West Africa Squadron of the Royal Navy. After the British Parliament ...
Betsy Carew Betsy is an English feminine given name, often a nickname for Elizabeth. People * Betsy, stage name of Welsh singer Elizabeth Humfrey *Betsy Ancker-Johnson (born 1927), American plasma physicist *Betsy Atkins (born 1953), American business exec ...
who had married a butcher, James Thomas, and sold meat to the army. The Creole female traders were
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
. Creole women traded along the entirety of the
West Coast West Coast or west coast may refer to: Geography Australia * Western Australia *Regions of South Australia#Weather forecasting, West Coast of South Australia * West Coast, Tasmania **West Coast Range, mountain range in the region Canada * Britis ...
expanding both their trade and spreading the Christian religion. However, by 1900 European companies began to dominate trade and the Creoles moved to other professions such as medicine and teaching. In 1878, Madam Yoko became the Queen of Kpaa Mende Seneghum, which had become one of the largest political alliances within the interior. She also went to war against smaller tribes to increase her holdings. In 1898 she supported the British during a rebellion, which also allowed her to expand her holdings. At the time of her death in 1906, her confederacy had become so large it had to be divided into 15 chiefdoms.
T J. Alldridge Thomas Joshua Alldridge (21 April 1847 – 28 June 1916) was a British colonial administrator who was the first district commissioner of Sierra Leone. He traveled extensively throughout the country and his photographs are among the first to be ta ...
the first commissioner of Sierra Leone reported signing peace treaties with two women chiefs in 1889.


1900–1970

In the city of Freetown, before World War I a woman's position was decided on either class or ethnicity. The Creole people were the dominant ethnic group, with some having access to a better education, the wealthier families had their daughters sent to British finishing schools. The majority of Creole women however fell into the lower classes and their education usually did not go beyond elementary school level in a similar vein to their male counterparts of the same class. In 1915, Adelaide Casely-Hayford played an important part regarding women's rights in Freetown giving a lecture on "The rights of Women and Christian Marriage". In 1923 she founded the "Girls Industrial and Technical Training School" with the aim to make women self-sufficient economically. In 1930 women were given the
right to vote Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise, is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in English, the right to v ...
, according to local lawyer J. C. Zizer this could be attributed to the numbers of women who now worked in the civil service where their employment terms were equal to their male counterparts. In 1938,
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
was the first woman in Africa to be elected to a municipal council and she was the first woman to be elected Mayor of Freetown. Her actions led to the formation of the Sierra Leone Market Women's Union and the Washerwoman's Union. In 1952 she founded the
Sierra Leone Women's Movement The Sierra Leone Women's Movement (SLWM) was a Sierra Leonean women's organization founded by Constance Cummings-John in 1951 in collaboration with women leaders from Sierra Leone markets. The SWLM was founded in the aftermath of a 1951 Freetown de ...
as well as a newspaper. She founded the Eleanor Roosevelt Preparatory School for Girls and funded it from the proceeds of her quarrying business. In 1943, Frances Wright was called to the bar, becoming the first female lawyer in Sierra Leone, she was also given an appointment by the government as a magistrate. She was a legal adviser to the
British High Commission A British High Commission is a British diplomatic mission, equivalent to an embassy, found in countries that are members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Their general purpose is to provide diplomatic relationships as well as travel information, ...
in Freetown and was considered a champion of women's rights. In 1957, four women ran for parliament:
Patience Richards (or forbearance) is the ability to endure difficult circumstances. Patience may involve perseverance in the face of delay; tolerance of provocation without responding in disrespect/anger; or forbearance when under strain, especially when face ...
,
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
, Ellen G.A. Caulker and Mrs. C.T. Williams. Cummings-John and Richards both won their bids but their party filed electoral petitions against them, preventing them from taking their seats. In 1960 the
National Congress of Sierra Leone Women The National Congress of Sierra Leone Women (NCSLW) was a Sierra Leonean women's organization, the women's wing of the All People's Congress The All People's Congress (APC) is one of the two major political parties in Sierra Leone, the other ...
(NCSLW), led by
Nancy Steele Nancy Dolly Victoria Steele (1923–2001), was a Sierra Leonean politician and labour activist. Steele was a member of the All People's Congress, APC political party in Sierra Leone. Early life Nancy Dolly Victoria Grant was born in 1923 in Freeto ...
was founded as a women's wing of the All People's Congress (APC). Two female candidates stood for parliamentary seats in 1967: Yema Catherine Williams and Julie Keturah Kayode. In the 1973 general election
Nancy Steele Nancy Dolly Victoria Steele (1923–2001), was a Sierra Leonean politician and labour activist. Steele was a member of the All People's Congress, APC political party in Sierra Leone. Early life Nancy Dolly Victoria Grant was born in 1923 in Freeto ...
and Ester Lily Coker stood for election as independent candidates. By now Sierra Leone had become a one-party state and their campaigns were unsuccessful. 1978 saw
Nancy Steele Nancy Dolly Victoria Steele (1923–2001), was a Sierra Leonean politician and labour activist. Steele was a member of the All People's Congress, APC political party in Sierra Leone. Early life Nancy Dolly Victoria Grant was born in 1923 in Freeto ...
as the sole woman to stand for parliament in the general election.


1970 - 1990

In 1970, out of the 81 chiefdoms in Sierra Leone, 10 were led by women. In 1989, UNICEF reported that on average a woman in Sierra Leone worked up to 16 hours a day and that the majority were surviving on just one meal per day. There was a maternal mortality rate of 70% primarily from infections and malnutrition.


1990 - 2000

During the civil war(1991–2002), it is estimated that 33% of human rights violations were perpetrated against women. A report by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission stated that thousands of women and girls were abducted from their homes and suffered physical-, sexual- and psychological abuse, including rape and forced pregnancy. Many of them were subject to servitude, slavery and forced cannibalism while others were drugged, tortured and
murder Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification (jurisprudence), justification or valid excuse (legal), excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. ("The killing of another person wit ...
ed. Sierra Leonean women and girls who endured forced pregnancies and gave birth to children by their abusers faced severe social consequences, including social isolation. A number of women and girls became soldiers with the Revelutionary United Front (RUF) during the Civil War. During the war, a group women organized founded the Sierra Leone Women's Movement for Peace, and using peaceful protests attempted to mediate peace between the warring factions.


2000 - present

On June 14, 2007, the Parliament of Sierra Leone passed three laws which made wife-beating illegal, allowed women to inherit property and protected women from forced marriage. However, in 2014, 63% of women aged 15–49 still held the belief that male partners were justified in hitting and beating their female partners under certain circumstances. The 2007 Domestic Violence Act is rarely enforced as survivors are required to submit a medical report to the police. The majority of women in Sierra Leone cannot afford to pay the medical examination fee nor can they afford the cost of a lawyer to represent them. Many women in the rural areas of Sierra Leone still are not aware that domestic violence is a crime or of their rights. In 2012, 10,000 Sierra Leonean men participated in a project called Husband School where they learned about gender equality,
domestic violence Domestic violence (also known as domestic abuse or family violence) is violence or other abuse that occurs in a domestic setting, such as in a marriage or cohabitation. ''Domestic violence'' is often used as a synonym for ''intimate partner ...
, reproductive health,
female genital mutilation Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision, is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia. The practice is found ...
and
family planning Family planning is the consideration of the number of children a person wishes to have, including the choice to have no children, and the age at which they wish to have them. Things that may play a role on family planning decisions include marita ...
. Husband School is organized by United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the Fambul Initiative Network for Equality Sierra Leone (FINE-SL). Attendance is enforced by local Paramount Chiefs. The adoption of Registration of Customary Marriages and Divorce Act made 18 the legal age for marriage. Prior to this, there was no minimum age for marriage nor was consent from both parties a prerequisite. In rural Sierra Leone, it was not uncommon for girls under the age of 13 to be given in marriage to elderly men. The law aims to protect women and girls from forced marriage as well as physical, sexual and financial abuse. In January 2023 the Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Act (GEWE) was signed into law in Sierra Leone. It mandates 30% of public and private positions be reserved for women (including in parliament), provides for increased workplace training opportunities for women, allows women fourteen weeks of maternity leave, punishes discrimination against women who seek access to financial services or resources, requires equal pay for women and men working in the same job, and requires yearly reviews of the GEWE’s implementation in public and private institutions.


Reproductive rights in Sierra Leone

Women in Sierra Leone have extremely limited reproductive rights. Until 2007, women and girls could still be given in marriage by their families without their consent. Sierra Leone has one of the world's highest maternal and infant mortality rates. Contraception is used by 16% of adult women in Sierra Leone and 7.8% of teenage girls. In 2013, Sierra Leone had the 7th highest teen pregnancy rate in the world. 38% of Sierra Leonean women aged 20–24 had given birth to their first baby before the age of 18. Teenage pregnancy is a major contributing factor to Sierra Leone's high maternal mortality rate as teenage mothers have a 40%-60% risk of dying in childbed. Babies born to teenage mothers have a 50% higher risk of being stillborn or dying shortly after birth than babies born to mothers over the age of 20.


Abortion

Abortion is illegal in Sierra Leone under any circumstances. The law banning abortion was passed in 1861, under the British colonial government. In 2015, President Ernest Bai Koroma refused to sign the Safe Abortion Act, due to opposition from religious leaders, and said that the issue should be put to a referendum. Unsafe abortions account for 10% of maternal deaths. In 2022, the government backed a "risk-free motherhood" bill to legalise abortion. The cabinet of President Julius Maada Bio unanimously supported the bill, which is slated to be submitted to Parliament.


Female genital mutilation

Excluding Sierra Leone Creole women who do not practice or engage in
female genital mutilation Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision, is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia. The practice is found ...
, 9 out of 10 girls and women in Sierra Leone have undergone
female genital mutilation Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision, is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia. The practice is found ...
, often as part of the traditional Bundu or Bondu initiation ceremony into the Sande society. Generally in Sierra Leone, where literacy levels among women is less than forty percent, there is still a positive view of
female genital mutilation Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision, is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia. The practice is found ...
. Two-thirds of girls and women undergo the practice between ages 5 and 14.


Women Pioneers of Sierra Leone

The names are placed in chronological order:


Academics

*First Sierra Leonean woman to earn a
PhD PHD or PhD may refer to: * Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), an academic qualification Entertainment * '' PhD: Phantasy Degree'', a Korean comic series * ''Piled Higher and Deeper'', a web comic * Ph.D. (band), a 1980s British group ** Ph.D. (Ph.D. albu ...
:
Enid Rosamund Ayodele Forde Enid Rosamund Ayodele Forde (23 January 1932–27 January 2010"Sierra Leone, Civil Births and Deaths, 1802-2016," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-V3D6-Y9F1-6 : 14 March 2022), > image 1154 of 2277; Ministry of ...
.Florence Mugambi
Blazing a trail: Women Africanist PhDs
Northwestern Program of African Studies News and Events, Vol. 30, No. 3 (Spring 2020).
*First West African to earn a diploma from the
Royal College of Arts The Royal College of Art (RCA) is a public research university in London, United Kingdom, with campuses in South Kensington, Battersea and White City. It is the only entirely postgraduate art and design university in the United Kingdom. It off ...
: Kathleen Mary Easmon Simango. *First West African woman to complete a BA degree in the Liberal Arts:
Edna Elliott-Horton Edna Elliott-Horton (13 September 1904 – 26 March 1994) was the second West African woman from a British colony to receive a university degree after the Nigerian physician Agnes Yewande Savage, who received a medical degree from the University ...
. * First woman to graduate Fourah Bay College
Lati Hyde-Forster Lati Hyde-Forster, MBE (14 June 1911 – 12 September 2001) was the first woman to graduate Fourah Bay College. She was also the first African woman school principal in Sierra Leone. Early life and education Latilewa Christiana Hyde was born o ...
. *First African woman to be awarded a Fellowship of the Institute of Civil Engineers: Trudy Morgan. * First woman graduate of the Evangelical College of Theology (Sierra Leone Bible College): Rev. Victoria Gladys Coker 1995. * First woman to head the English Department at Fourah Bay College: Dr. Kadi Sesay.


Politics

* First woman to become queen Queen of Kpaa Mende Seneghum: Madam Yoko, 1878. * First woman elected to a municipal council:
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
, 1938. * First woman member of the Moyamba District Council,
Ella Koblo Gulama Paramount Chief A paramount chief is the English-language designation for the highest-level political leader in a regional or local polity or country administered politically with a chief-based system. This term is used occasionally in ...
, 1957. * First woman member of the House of Representatives of Sierra Leone:
Ella Koblo Gulama Paramount Chief A paramount chief is the English-language designation for the highest-level political leader in a regional or local polity or country administered politically with a chief-based system. This term is used occasionally in ...
, 1957. * First women to win seats in parliament:
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
and Patience Richards, 1957. * First woman to run as an independent candidate for parliament: Mrs. C.T.Williams, 1957. * First woman member Cabinet Minister:
Ella Koblo Gulama Paramount Chief A paramount chief is the English-language designation for the highest-level political leader in a regional or local polity or country administered politically with a chief-based system. This term is used occasionally in ...
, 1962. * First woman mayor of Freetown:
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
, 1966. * First woman ambassador to Ethiopia, Tanzania and Zambia: Shirley Gbujama, 1976. * First woman ambassador to the United Nations: Shirley Gbujama, 1978. * First woman to be Minister of Development and Economic Planning: Dr. Kadi Sesay, 1999. * Gender equality advocacy organization 50/50 Group of Sierra Leone is established: Dr. Nemata Majeks-Walker, 2001. * First woman to be Minister of Sierra Leone Minister of Trade and Industry: Dr. Kadi Sesay, 2002. * First woman to head the National Commission for Democracy and Human Rights: Dr. Kadi Sesay. * First female Minister of Health: Agnes Taylor-Lewis * First woman Chief Electoral Commissioner of Sierra Leone: Christiana Ayoka Mary Thorpe. * First woman to run for vice-president Dr. Kadi Sesay, 2012. * First woman head regional operations for the All Peoples Congress (APC):
Diana Finda Konomanyi Diana Finda Konomanyi is a Sierra Leonean politician who has served as Minister of Lands, Country Planning and the Environment (2015 - 2018), Minister of Local Government and Rural Development (2012 -2015) in the erstwhile Government of Presid ...
, 2010. * First woman Minister of Local Government and Rural Development:
Diana Finda Konomanyi Diana Finda Konomanyi is a Sierra Leonean politician who has served as Minister of Lands, Country Planning and the Environment (2015 - 2018), Minister of Local Government and Rural Development (2012 -2015) in the erstwhile Government of Presid ...
, 2012. * First woman Minister of Lands, Country Planning, and the Environment:
Diana Finda Konomanyi Diana Finda Konomanyi is a Sierra Leonean politician who has served as Minister of Lands, Country Planning and the Environment (2015 - 2018), Minister of Local Government and Rural Development (2012 -2015) in the erstwhile Government of Presid ...
, 2015. * First woman head regional operations for Sierra Leone Peoples Party (SLPP):
Emma Kowa-Jalloh Emma may refer to: * Emma (given name) Film * ''Emma'' (1932 film), a comedy-drama film by Clarence Brown * ''Emma'' (1996 theatrical film), a film starring Gwyneth Paltrow * ''Emma'' (1996 TV film), a British television film starring Kate Be ...
, 2018 * First woman to run for president:
Femi Claudius Cole Femi Claudius Cole (born 1962) is a Sierra Leonean politician. In 2016 she founded the Unity Party, making her the first Sierra Leonean woman to form a political party. In 2018, she was the first woman to run for the office of President of Sierra ...
, 2018. * Second women to run for vice-president:
Isata Dora Bangura Isata Dora Bangura is a Sierra Leonean educator and politician. She was the running mate of presidential candidate Charles Margai in Sierra Leone's 2018 General Election. She is the second woman to run for the office of vice-president in Sierra Le ...
, 2018. * First woman attorney general and minister Dr. Priscilla Schwartz, 2018.


Professions

*First non-white person to be appointed to the senior judiciary of England and Wales: Dame Linda Penelope Dobbs. *First Sierra Leonean woman to qualify as a medical doctor:
Irene Ighodaro Irene Ighodaro (16 May 1916 – 29 November 1995) was a Sierra Leone Creole physician and social reformer who was the first Sierra Leonean woman to qualify as a medical doctor. She was president of the Young Women's Christian Association of Nigeri ...
(Irene Wellesley-Cole), c. 1942. *First woman in Africa appointed as
Permanent Secretary A permanent secretary (also known as a principal secretary) is the most senior Civil Service (United Kingdom), civil servant of a department or Ministry (government department), ministry charged with running the department or ministry's day-to-day ...
in the
Civil Service The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil servants hired on professional merit rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leaders ...
:
Murietta Olu-Williams Murietta Patricia Olu-Williams, Order of the British Empire, OBE ( Metzger; born 15 December 1923) was a Sierra Leonean civil servant, the first woman in Africa to achieve the rank of Permanent Secretary in the Civil Service.'Portrait', ''West Afric ...
, 1962. * First woman to qualify as a lawyer in Sierra Leone and West Africa:
Stella Thomas Stella Jane Thomas (later Stella Marke) (1906 – 1974) was a Yoruba Nigerian lawyer of Sierra Leone Creole descent. She received a law degree from Oxford University and in 1943 became the first woman magistrate in Nigeria. Early life and educati ...
, circa 1940. * First Sierra Leonean woman to be called to the Bar in Great Britain and second woman to practice law in Sierra Leone, Frances Claudia Wright
OBE The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established o ...
, 1943. *First Sierra Leonean
jurist A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyses and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal qualification in law and often a legal practitioner. In the Uni ...
sworn in as Commissioner of the ''African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights'':
Jamesina Essie Leonora King Jamesina Essie Leonora King is a Sierra Leonean jurist and a Commissioner of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. She is currently the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression and Access to Information in Africa and Country Rappo ...
. * First woman judge:
Agnes Macaulay Agnes or Agness may refer to: People *Agnes (name), the given name, and a list of people named Agnes or Agness * Wilfrid Marcel Agnès (1920–2008), Canadian diplomat Places *Agnes, Georgia, United States, a ghost town *Agnes, Missouri, United ...
, circa 1970. * First woman Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Sierra Leone:
Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh Haja Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh, GCOR (born April 16, 194 is a Sierra Leonean lawyer who was the first female Chief Justice of Sierra Leone from 2008 to 2015. Early life and background She was born on April 16, 194and grew up in the Sierra Leonean c ...
, circa 1970. * First woman appointed Justice of the Supreme Court of Sierra Leone: Patricia Macaulay, 1994. * First woman of African descent to study drama at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama:
Jeillo Edwards Jeillo Edwards (23 September 1942, Freetown, Sierra Leone – 2 July 2004, London, England) was a Sierra Leonean actress, who is notable in the history of black actors in Britain. She was the first woman of African descent to study drama at Lon ...
. * First Sierra Leonean woman CNN anchor: Isha Sesay, 2005. *First black singer to feature on BBC Radio: Evelyn Mary Dove, 1939. *First Sierra Leonean to win an
Emmy award The Emmy Awards, or Emmys, are an extensive range of awards for artistic and technical merit for the American and international television industry. A number of annual Emmy Award ceremonies are held throughout the calendar year, each with the ...
: Nzinga Christine Blake.


Athletics

*First woman to represent Sierra Leone at the
Olympics The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a var ...
:
Eugenia Osho-Williams Eugenia Osho-Williams (born 19 January 1961) is a Sierra Leonean sprinter. She competed in the 100 metres at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics The 1984 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXIII Olympiad and also ...
, 1980. * First women to win gold in the Heptathlon at the
IAAF World Championships in Athletics The World Athletics Championships (until 2019 known as the World Championships in Athletics) are a biennial athletics competition organized by World Athletics (formerly IAAF, International Association of Athletics Federations). Alongside the Ol ...
:
Eunice Barber Eunice Barber (born November 17, 1974 in Freetown, Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean Athletics (sport), athlete competing in heptathlon and long jump. Barber initially competed for Sierra Leone and then for France from 1999 onwards. ...
, 1999. * First women to win gold in the long jump at the All Africa Games:
Eunice Barber Eunice Barber (born November 17, 1974 in Freetown, Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean Athletics (sport), athlete competing in heptathlon and long jump. Barber initially competed for Sierra Leone and then for France from 1999 onwards. ...
, 1995. * First women to win gold in the long jump at the
IAAF World Championships in Athletics The World Athletics Championships (until 2019 known as the World Championships in Athletics) are a biennial athletics competition organized by World Athletics (formerly IAAF, International Association of Athletics Federations). Alongside the Ol ...
:
Eunice Barber Eunice Barber (born November 17, 1974 in Freetown, Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean Athletics (sport), athlete competing in heptathlon and long jump. Barber initially competed for Sierra Leone and then for France from 1999 onwards. ...
, 2003. * First woman founder of a football club:
Isha Johansen Isha Tejan-Cole Johansen (born 25 December 1965) is a Sierra Leonean entrepreneur and the former president of the Sierra Leone Football Association. Johansen is one of only a few women in the world to have headed a national football association, ...
, 2004. * First woman president of the Sierra Leone Football Association (SLFA):
Isha Johansen Isha Tejan-Cole Johansen (born 25 December 1965) is a Sierra Leonean entrepreneur and the former president of the Sierra Leone Football Association. Johansen is one of only a few women in the world to have headed a national football association, ...
2013.


Timeline of women's rights in Sierra Leone

;1938 *
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
becomes the first woman in Sierra Leone and all of Africa to be elected to a municipal council. ; 1957 *
Patience Richards (or forbearance) is the ability to endure difficult circumstances. Patience may involve perseverance in the face of delay; tolerance of provocation without responding in disrespect/anger; or forbearance when under strain, especially when face ...
( SLPP),
Constance Cummings-John Constance Cummings-John (1918 – 21 February 2000) was a Sierra Leonean educationist and politician. She was the first woman in Africa to join a municipal council and in 1966 became the first woman to serve as mayor of Freetown. She was based in ...
( SLPP), Ellen G.A. Caulker of the United Sierra Leone People's Party (UPP) and Mrs. C.T. Williams are the first women in Sierra Leone to run for parliament. ; 2007 On June 14, 2007, the Parliament of Sierra Leone passed three laws which made wife-beating illegal, allowed women to inherit property and protected women from forced marriage. ; 2012 * The 30% Gender Party Quota Bill is drafted by women's rights activists
Nemata Majeks-Walker Nemata Majeks-Walker (born 1946/1947) is a Sierra Leonean women's rights activist. Early life and education Majeks-Walker was born to an Aku Mohammedan family in Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone. She was an only child. Her mother died whe ...
,
Barbara Bangura Barbara Bangura (born 13 November 1958) is a Sierra Leonean women's rights activist. She is the National Co-Ordinator of the Women's Solidarity Support Group. Early life and education Barbara Thaimu Bangura was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland ...
and
Salamatu Kamara Salamatu Kamara is a Sierra Leonean educator, politician and women's rights activist. She is the co-ordinator at the Tamarameh Gender Development Group. Early life and education Kamara is a widowed mother of four children. She is the proprietor o ...
and submitted to parliament but it does not pass into law. ;2015 * The 2015 Safe Abortion Act is submitted to parliament by Isata Kabia on 8 December 2015. ;2023 * In January 2023 the Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Act (GEWE) was signed into law in Sierra Leone. It mandates 30% of public and private positions be reserved for women (including in parliament), provides for increased workplace training opportunities for women, allows women fourteen weeks of maternity leave, punishes discrimination against women who seek access to financial services or resources, requires equal pay for women and men working in the same job, and requires yearly reviews of the GEWE’s implementation in public and private institutions.


See also

*
Female genital cutting in Sierra Leone Female genital mutilation in Sierra Leone (also known as female genital cutting) is the common practice of removing all or part of the female's genitalia for cultural and religious initiation purposes, or as a custom to prepare them for marriage. S ...


References


External links

{{Africa topic, Women in Society of Sierra Leone Sierra Leone