Abony (german: Wabing) is a town in
Pest County,
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...
.
Geography
Abony is a town in the south-east of
, between the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
and
Tisza
The Tisza, Tysa or Tisa, is one of the major rivers of Central and Eastern Europe. Once, it was called "the most Hungarian river" because it flowed entirely within the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, it crosses several national borders.
The Tisza be ...
rivers. It is from
Cegléd
Cegléd (; german: Zieglet) is a city in Pest county, Hungary, approximately southeast of the Hungarian capital, Budapest.
Name
The name of the town is of disputed origin. The name may be derived from the word "szeglet" (meaning "corner") due t ...
and from
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
, at an elevation of . The area is on the River Tisza's wide floodplain which approximates . Its rich black soil contains some sand.
History
*There are some archaeological finds from the 7th and 8th centuries.
*The village was part of the shire county of
Szolnok
Szolnok (; also known by other alternative names) is the county seat of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary. A city with county rights, it is located on the banks of the Tisza river, in the heart of the Great Hungarian Plain, wh ...
in the 13th century.
*The first known record of the village is in 1450 as .
*In 1474, Balázs Magyar, his daughter Benigna Magyar and later her husband
Pál Kinizsi
}; ro, Paul Chinezu; 1432–1494) was a Hungarian general in the service of Hungarian army under king Matthias Corvinus. He was the Count of Temes County (in the historical Banat region, in the Kingdom of Hungary now part of Romania and Serb ...
owned the land.
*In 1515,
István Werbőczy
István Werbőczy or Stephen Werbőcz (also spelled ''Verbőczy'' and Latinized to ''Verbeucius'' 1458? – 1541) was a Hungarian legal theorist and statesman, author of the Hungarian Customary Law, who first became known as a legal scholar ...
was given the village as a donation.
*In 1552, it came under Turkish rule, and during the next century it suffered almost complete destruction.
*At the beginning of the 18th century, the village's population was growing, and in 1748 became a small town.
*On 25 January 1849,
Mór Perczel
Sir Mór Perczel de Bonyhád ( hu, Bonyhádi lovag Perczel Mór, german: link=no, Ritter Moritz Perczel von Bonyhád; 11 November 1811, Bonyhád, Tolna county – 23 May 1899, Bonyhád), was a Hungarian landholder, general, and one of the lea ...
led the Hungarian troops to win near Abony as part of the
Hungarian War of Independence
The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 or fully Hungarian Civic Revolution and War of Independence of 1848–1849 () was one of many European Revolutions of 1848 and was closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas. Although th ...
.
The jewish community
Jews lived in the city from the 18th century. The
synagogue
A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of worshi ...
was established in
1756, and in
1788
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London.
* January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
the Jewish school was founded. In
1840
Events
January–March
* January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded.
* January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom.
* Janua ...
, 912 Jews lived in the city.
In May 1944, a
ghetto
A ghetto, often called ''the'' ghetto, is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of political, social, legal, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished t ...
was established by order of the German army, where the Jews of the city and the surrounding area were concentrated. In June, ghetto Jews were deported in two transports to the
Auschwitz
Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It con ...
extermination camp.
The Jewish Community of Abony
in The Muzeum of The Jewish People
In literature
On 12 June 1847 Sándor Petőfi
Sándor Petőfi ( []; né Petrovics; sk, Alexander Petrovič; sr, Александар Петровић; 1 January 1823 – most likely 31 July 1849) was a Hungarian poet of Serbian origin and liberal revolutionary. He is considered Hungary's ...
spent a night in the village pub on his way from Nagyszalonta (where he visited János Arany
János Arany (; archaic English: John Arany; 2 March 1817 – 22 October 1882) was a Hungarian poet, writer, translator and journalist. He is often said to be the "Shakespeare of ballads" – he wrote more than 102 ballads that have been transl ...
) to Budapest. It is mentioned it in his ''Journey letters''.
Lajos Abonyi
Lajos () is a Hungarian masculine given name, cognate to the English Louis. People named Lajos include:
Hungarian monarchs:
* Lajos I, 1326-1382 (ruled 1342-1382)
* Lajos II, 1506-1526 (ruled 1516-1526)
In Hungarian politics:
* Lajos Auli ...
, a writer who lived in Abony, recorded a famous folk-song "In Nagyabony there are only two towers" from Zoltán Kodály
Zoltán Kodály (; hu, Kodály Zoltán, ; 16 December 1882 – 6 March 1967) was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály method of music ed ...
's ''Braggadocio''. In the song Nagyabony means this village. There is another Nagyabony in Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...
, called in Slovak . The song's tune is from Upper Hungary.
Economy
The local economy is mainly based on agriculture: most people are crop farmers, but some grow grapes and fruit.
Landmarks
* Lajos Abonyi Folk Museum and granary
* Harkányi Castle
* Synagogue
* Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
church
* United Reformed Church
The United Reformed Church (URC) is a Protestant Christian church in the United Kingdom. As of 2022 it has approximately 40,000 members in 1,284 congregations with 334 stipendiary ministers.
Origins and history
The United Reformed Church resulte ...
* Talián family mausoleum
A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or people. A mausoleum without the person's remains is called a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be consid ...
* Family seat
A family seat or sometimes just called seat is the principal residence of the landed gentry and aristocracy. The residence usually denotes the social, economic, political, or historic connection of the family within a given area. Some families to ...
s: Kostyán, Lavatka, Szapáry, Kisvigyázó (castle), Vigyázó, Ajtay, Sivó, Teszáry
Famous people
* János Varga, (b. 1939 – ), Olympic champion wrestler.
* Gyula Háy
Gyula "Julius" Háy; 5 May 1900 – 7 May 1975) was a Hungarian communist intellectual and playwright. He wrote under the pen name Stefan Faber.
Biography
Háy was born in 1900 in Abony, Austria-Hungary to a Jewish family. He was involved ...
(1900 – 1975), dramatist and poet.
* Artúr Balogh (1866 – 1951), Hungarian lawyer, university professor, politician, and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma ...
.
* László Endre
László Endre (January 1, 1895, Abony – March 29, 1946) was a Hungarian right-wing politician and collaborator with the Nazis during the Second World War.
Early years
Born into a wealthy Abony family, Endre obtained a degree in political scien ...
(1895 - 1951), politician and Nazi collaborator
* Zoltán Mucsi
Zoltán Mucsi (born 8 September 1957 in Abony) is a Hungarian actor. He has appeared in more than sixty films since his debut in 1983.
Zoltán Mucsi was born in Abony, and in his childhood, he originally wanted to be a footballer. In 1979 he jo ...
(b. 1957 - ), actor
* László Földi (b. 1952 – ), politician
* Norbert Kállai
Norbert Kállai (born 6 March 1984) is a retired Hungarian football player who currently plays for Békéscsaba 1912 Előre SE.
External links
Profile
1984 births
Living people
People from Abony
Hungarian men's footballers
Men's assoc ...
(b. 1984 – ), footballer
International relations
Twin towns — sister cities
Abony is twinned with:
* Reci
Reci ( hu, Réty, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Covasna County, Transylvania, Romania composed of four villages:
*Aninoasa / Egerpatak
*Bita / Bita
*Reci
*Saciova / Szacsva
It also included Comolău (''Komolló'') village until 196 ...
(Hungarian ), Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
References
External links
* in Hungarian
Street map
Aerial photographs of Abony
Lajos Abonyi folk museum
Abony at lap.hu
The jewish community in Abony
On JewishGen
JewishGen is a non-profit organization founded in 1987 as an international electronic resource for Jewish genealogy. In 2003, JewishGen became an affiliate of the Museum of Jewish Heritage – A Living Memorial to the Holocaust in New York Ci ...
website.
{{authority control
Populated places in Pest County
Jewish communities destroyed in the Holocaust