Syed Abdur-Razzaq Nurul-Ain () was a

Sufi Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...

saint.

Early life

He was the successor of Sufi saint Sultan Syed

Ashraf Jahangir Semnani Sultan Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani ( ur, ; (1285–1386) was an Iranian Sufi saint from Semnan, Iran. He was the founder of the Ashrafi Sufi order. He is India's third most influential Sufi Saint after Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of Ajmer ...

. Among the descendants of Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani, the line of saints of Ashrafia Jilania is one of the most reputed households of the subcontinent. Within this line, Nur-ul-Ain was the heir, disciple and Khalifa of Syed Ashraf Jehangir Semnani. He was the son of his maternal cousin. He is the 11th descendant of Sufi Syed

Abdul Qadir Jilani ʿAbdul Qādir Gīlānī, ( ar, عبدالقادر الجيلاني, ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī; fa, ) known by admirers as Muḥyī l-Dīn Abū Muḥammad b. Abū Sāliḥ ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī al-Baḡdādī al-Ḥasanī al-Ḥusayn ...

of Jilan, Iraq. Nur-ul-Ain first met Ashraf Jahangir Semnani at age twelve in Baghdad when Semnani made a visit there and from then on never left his company. Jilani adopted Nur-ul-Ain as his son and made him the heir and caretaker. This line of saints is still observed in Ashrafia.

Career

Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani died in 808 AH and Nur-ul-Ain became the heir to his throne. After strenuous spiritual training he was bestowed with Khilafat (Spiritual Successor) and from him the Ashrafi spiritual chain flourished. According to the tradition of Mirat-ul-Asrar, at the time of his death, Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani was either 106 or 110 years of age. In Tohfta ul Abrar, his age is written as 120 and year of birth is 688 AH. Even his adopted son, Syed Abdul Razzaq was 120 at the time of his death. He spent 12 years before he took Bayat and 68 years in travel and in the service of Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani and the remaining 40 years after the death of his Murshid at the throne of Khilafat. Accordingly, his birth year was 728, year of arrival in India 740 and year of death 848. His grave is located next to that of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani in the same Shrine in Kichauccha Sharif,

Ambedkar Nagar District Ambedkar Nagar is a district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This district is a part of Faizabad division (officially ''Ayodhya division'') in the Awadh region of the state. This district was established on 29 September 1995 by carvin ...

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

Works

* ''Maktubate Ashrafi'' (Letters of Ashraf) compiled by Abdur-Razzaq

Chishti Order

Sufi orders trace their origins ultimately to the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

, who is believed to have instructed his successor in mystical teachings and practices in addition to the

Qur'an The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , sing. ...

or hidden within the Qur'an. Opinions differ as to this successor. Some Sufi orders trace their lineage to

Abu Bakr Abu Bakr Abdallah ibn Uthman Abi Quhafa (; – 23 August 634) was the senior companion and was, through his daughter Aisha, a father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the first caliph of Islam. He is known with the honor ...

, the first

Sunni Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagr ...

caliph, others to ' Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, Muhammad's cousin, whom the

Shi'a Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...

regard as the first

Imam Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, ser ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abdur-Razzaq Nurul-Ain Indian Sufi saints Chishtis People from Ambedkar Nagar district People from Baghdad Sufi writers Sufi poets Sufi mystics Sufi teachers 1287 births Year of death missing

Early life

Career

Works

Chishti Order

See also

References