Kamāl al-Dīn Abūʾl-Faḍl Abd al-Razzaq ibn Jamāl al-Dīn Abu al-Ghānīm Kāshānī was a 14th-century Persian
Shi'ite Sufi
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...
mystic and scholar. He wrote the ''Ta'wilat al-Qur'an al-Karim'', a mystical
exegesis (interpretation) of the
Quran.
History
Abd al-Razzaq was born in
Kashan. His birthdate is unknown, theorised to be between 1252 and 1262.
As an adult, he became a disciple of
Abdussamad Esfahani.
Abd al-Razzaq went on nine trips throughout his lifetime to places such as
Shiraz and the Iraqi cities of
Najaf and
Baghdad; his trips always ended in a return to
Natanz.
In
Semnan, he debated with the
Kubrāwī
The Kubrawiya order ( ar, سلسلة کبرویة) or Kubrawi order, also known as ''Firdausia Silsila'', is a Sufi order that traces its spiritual lineage (''Silsilah'') to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, through Ali, Muhammad's cousin, son-in-la ...
Sufi mystic
'Ala' al-Dawla Simnani
Ala' al-Dawla Simnani ( fa, علاءالدوله سمنانی; November 1261 – 6 March 1336) was a Persian Sūfī of the Kubrāwī order, a writer and a teacher of Sufism. He was born in Semnan, Iran. He studied the tradition of Sufism from Nu ...
over the concept of
Wahdat al-Wujood.
He also wrote a commentary on
Ibn Arabi's ''Fusus al-Hikam''.
Abd al-Razzaq died in 1345. He was buried next to his first teacher, Esfahani, in the
khanqah
A khanqah ( fa, خانقاه) or khangah ( fa, خانگاه; also transliterated as ''khankah'', ''khaneqa'', ''khanegah'' or ''khaneqah''; also Arabized ''hanegah'', ''hanikah'', ''hanekah'', ''khankan''), also known as a ribat (), is a buildin ...
of the
Jameh Mosque of Natanz.
Legacy
Abd al-Razzaq inspired generations of Sufis. He was respected by Shi'ites. His writings influenced the Sufi mystics
Shah Nimatullah Wali
Shāh Nimatullāh or Shāh Ni'matullāh Wali, ( fa, شاه نعمتالله ولی ''Shāh Ne'matullāh-i Valī''), also spelled as ''Ne'matollah'' and ''Ni'matallah'' was the spiritual leader or Qutb of the Ni'matullah Order in Iran from th ...
and
Haydar Amuli
Sayyid Baha al-Din Haydar, Haydar al-'Obaidi al-Hossayni Amuli, or Sayyed Haydar Amoli or Mir Haydar Amoli a Shi'ite mystic and a Sufi philosopher, was an early representative of Persian mystic philosophy and one of the most distinguished commen ...
who frequently quoted from him. Abd al-Razzaq is a prominent figure in schools dedicated to teaching Ibn Arabi's mysticism.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abdurrazzaq
Iranian Sufis
1345 deaths
Year of birth unknown