The Abadan refinery ( fa, پالایشگاه آبادان ''Pālāyeshgāh-e Ābādān'') is an

oil refinery An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial processes, industrial process Factory, plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refining, refined into useful products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt, asphalt ...

located in Abadan near the coast of the

Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The bo ...

History

Built by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (later BP) on the basis of a lease obtained in 1909, it was completed in 1912 as a pipeline terminus, and was one of the world's largest

oil refineries An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into useful products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquef ...

. In 1927, oil exports from Abadan totalled nearly 4.5 million tons. Abadanraffinerie

Its nationalisation in 1951 prompted the Abadan Crisis and ultimately the toppling of the democratically elected prime minister Mossaddegh. The refinery was largely destroyed in September 1980 by Iraq during the initial stages of the Iraqi invasion of Iran's

Khuzestan Khuzestan Province (also spelled Xuzestan; fa, استان خوزستان ''Ostān-e Xūzestān'') is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country, bordering Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Its capital is Ahvaz and it cover ...

province, triggering the

Iran–Iraq War The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. It began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for almost eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Counci ...

. It had a capacity of 635,000 b/d in 1980 and formed a refinery complex with important

petrochemical Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems) are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable ...

plants. Its capacity has been increased steadily since the war ended in 1988 and is now listed as of crude oil. In December 2017,

Sinopec China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (中国石油化工股份有限公司) or Sinopec (), is a Chinese oil and Natural gas, gas enterprise based in Beijing. It is listed in Hong Kong Stock Exchange, Hong Kong and also trades in Shanghai ...

signed a $1 billion deal to expand the Abadan refinery. Work on the second phase of the project was suspended in March 2020 as a result of the

COVID-19 pandemic in Iran Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei, identified in Wuhan, China, in December ...

References

External links

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Facts about the Iran refinery industry
Oil refineries in Iran Abadan, Iran 1912 establishments in Iran Anglo-Persian Oil Company Buildings and structures in Khuzestan Province {{Iran-struct-stub

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links