Aarne Silvio Heikinheimo (March 20, 1894 – January 24, 1938) was a Finnish Major General. He is well known for his service in the

Finnish Civil War The Finnish Civil War; . Other designations: Brethren War, Citizen War, Class War, Freedom War, Red Rebellion and Revolution, . According to 1,005 interviews done by the newspaper ''Aamulehti'', the most popular names were as follows: Civil W ...

against the

Red Guards Red Guards () were a mass student-led paramilitary social movement mobilized and guided by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1966 through 1967, during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, which he had instituted.Teiwes According to a Red Guard lead ...

Biography

Early life

Heikinheimo was born on March 20, 1894, in

Tornio Tornio (; sv, Torneå; sme, Duortnus ; smn, Tuárnus) is a city and municipality in Lapland, Finland. The city forms a cross-border twin city together with Haparanda on the Swedish side. The municipality covers an area of , of which is ...

. His parents were chief forester Johan Henrik Heikel and Sally Armida Thauvón. He was married in 1919 to Sylvi Amalia Jurvelius.Biography of Finnish Jaegers 1938Biography of Finnish Jaegers 1975 Heikinheimo enrolled as a student at the Finnish Co-educational School in

Oulu Oulu ( , ; sv, Uleåborg ) is a city, municipality and a seaside resort of about 210,000 inhabitants in the region of North Ostrobothnia, Finland. It is the most populous city in northern Finland and the fifth most populous in the country after: ...

in 1913 and joined the North Ostrobothnian Association. He continued his studies at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the

Helsinki University of Technology Helsinki University of Technology (TKK; fi, Teknillinen korkeakoulu; sv, Tekniska högskolan) was a technical university in Finland. It was located in Otaniemi, Espoo in the metropolitan area of Greater Helsinki. The university was founded in ...

in 1913 to 1914. He followed teaching at the Military Academy Commander's Course in 1925 and attended the General Department of the Military Academy from 1926 to 1927.

World War I

Heikinheimo was one of the first volunteers to aim for a Pfadfinder military training course in

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

in the Lockstedter Lager training area in

Northern Germany Northern Germany (german: link=no, Norddeutschland) is a linguistic, geographic, socio-cultural and historic region in the northern part of Germany which includes the coastal states of Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Lower Saxony an ...

. He enrolled in the camp on February 25, 1915. He was placed in the 1st Company of the group. He was later stationed in the Royal, Prussian Jaeger Battalion in the 1st Company of the 27th. He took part in the fighting in the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

on the eastern front of Germany on the

Misse The Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) is a series of experiments mounted externally on the International Space Station (ISS) that investigates the effects of long-term exposure of materials to the harsh space environment. T ...

, the

Gulf of Riga The Gulf of Riga, Bay of Riga, or Gulf of Livonia ( lv, Rīgas līcis, et, Liivi laht) is a bay of the Baltic Sea between Latvia and Estonia. The island of Saaremaa (Estonia) partially separates it from the rest of the Baltic Sea. The main con ...

and the Aa. He attended the motorboat driver and machine gun station courses in

Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya bo ...

in the summer of 1917 and the car course in Schaulen in August 1917 and the blasting course in Libya in the autumn of 1917.

Finnish Civil War

He arrived in Finland with the command of the oberzugführer

Friedel Jacobsson Friedel or Friedl is a Southern German diminutive variation of the surname Fried - or alternately, a diminutive of Elfriede - and may refer to: Four French scientists with the same Friedel family name are in direct lineage, Charles, Georges, Edm ...

on January 30, 1918, and joined the Perä-Pohjola Conservation Corps in

Tervola Tervola is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Lapland, Finland. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . Neighbour municipalities are Keminmaa, Ranua ...

. He was seconded as a team leader in the battles against

and

. After the conquests of Tervola and Tornio, he was appointed Commander of the City of

Kemi Kemi (; sme, Giepma ; smn, Kiemâ; sms, Ǩeeʹmm; Swedish (historically): ''Kiemi'') is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located very near the city of Tornio and the Swedish border. The distance to Oulu is to the south and to Rovani ...

on February 7, until on March 5, he was appointed Commander of the Perä-Pohjola Battalion . He led his battalion to battles in Vilkkilä, Haavisto (Orivesi), Tervaniemi, Lempäälä, Vesilahti, Karku and Tyrvää. In the final stages of the Civil War, he was given the task of forming a regiment in Eastern Uusimaa in Lahti.

Life after the Civil War and death

After the Civil War, Heikinheimo was appointed Adjutant of the 1st Division as of July 1, 1918, and later interim Chief of Staff, from which he was transferred on 15 August 1918 as Commander of the Finnish White Guard I Battalion and further Commander on September 11, 1918, to the Vyborg Regiment II Battalion. Heikinheimo served as Chairman of the 2nd Division Court of Honor in 1920 and as Chairman of the 3rd Division Court of Honor in 1921 and 1925. He served as a member of the Bicycle Special Committee in 1922 He served as a member of the Winter Equipment Committee in 1924 and as chairman of the Field Equipment Committee from 1931 to 1934, and as chairman of the Bylaws Committee in 1934. He served as a member of the Mikkeli City Parish's extended church council from 1933 to 1934. He was promoted to commander of the Second Bicycle Battalion on April 27, 1921, and to commander of the Viborg Regiment on August 15, 1924. From August 12, 1926, he served as commander in the Jääkäri Brigade, from where he was promoted to Division 3 on June 9, and was assigned as an infantry inspector. He died accidentally in test firing at Harakka after the explosion of a grenade launcher pipe on January 24, 1938. He has been buried in Intiö Cemetery in Oulu, right next to the heroes' graves.Suomen Kuvalehti, 29.01.1938, nro 4, s. 17, Kansalliskirjaston digitaaliset aineistot
/ref>

References

Bibliography

* Publications of the Military History Office of the Ministry of Defense IV, Biography of Finnish Jaegers, WSOY Porvoo 1938. * Publications of the Department of Military Science XIV, Biography of Finnish Jaegers 1975, Vaasa 1975 ISBN 951-99046-8-9. {{DEFAULTSORT:Heikinheimo, Aarne 1894 births 1938 deaths Finnish officers People from Tornio People of the Finnish Civil War (White side)